Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ali Sallakh Niknejad, Zahra Bande Alizadeh Maleki, Ali Kargari, Mohsen Rasouli
Summary: By adding SAN to PVDF membranes, both the surface properties and desalination performance of the membranes can be improved. Experimental results showed that the SAN-modified PVDF membranes achieved high permeate flux and excellent salt rejection in membrane distillation processes.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiao Ke Zheng, Hao Yu, Wen Li Gan, Yi Liang, Xinyi Hu, Tao Tang, Yinfen Cheng, Hao Yao, Jian Zhen Ou
Summary: In this study, the specific pore size of HKUST-1 was used to control the channel size of GOMs by self-assembling a pH-regulated HKUST-1/GO dispersion, resulting in improved rejection performance and increased water flux. Additionally, the incorporation of HKUST-1 endowed the membrane with self-cleaning, antibacterial, and long-term stable characteristics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liping Yang, Yixiang Li, Lu Guo, Pin Ma, Zhi Yi Leong, Jing Wang, Hui Ying Yang
Summary: This study aims to extract high-quality water for potable and industrial use from unconventional water sources using innovative methods. An innovative adsorbent was used to reduce boron and chloride levels in brackish water, and a capacitive deionization system was employed for chloride ion removal. The results demonstrate that this approach can meet water quality standards while significantly reducing chemical costs.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhijie Cui, Honghai Wang, Chunli Li, Wenchao Peng, Jiapeng Liu
Summary: A series of hierarchical porous nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbons were prepared and their performance in capacitive deionization (CDI) was investigated. The optimized electrode material showed abundant active sites, rapid reaction kinetics, and excellent desalination performance.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Myriam Tauk, Mikhael Bechelany, Philippe Sistat, Roland Habchi, Marc Cretin, Francois Zaviska
Summary: This review discusses the applications of capacitive deionization in resource recovery and targeted ion separation, in addition to water desalination. It explores the mechanisms of selective ion removal using various electrode materials and membranes. The review provides an extensive evaluation of selective removal methods for different ions and describes the progress in electrode and membrane preparation, theoretical knowledge, and ion selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hao-Bin Wang, Yin-Hu Wu, Zhuo Chen, Yu-Qing Xu, Song Xue, Nozomu Ikuno, Nakata Koji, Hong-Ying Hu
Summary: This study compared the effects of ozone and FR110 on RO membrane fouling control in reclaimed water. The synergistic application of ozone and FR110 at low dosages effectively reduced fouling of the RO membranes. Further analysis showed that FR110 induced a thinner fouling layer, while ozone pretreatment led to a loose fouling layer. Bacterial community analysis identified the relative abundance of biofouling-related genera as the key factor causing fouling differences.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. S. Sajna, Tasneem Elmakki, Kira Schipper, Seungwon Ihm, Youngwook Yoo, Byungsung Park, Hyunwoong Park, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This review paper explores the potential of seawater desalination plants to address the increasing demand for water, energy, mineral resources, and foods, particularly in resource-scarce regions. By utilizing seawater and integrating renewable energy sources, these plants can contribute significantly to sustainable development and promote a circular economy.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yunbing Liu, Chunlei Song, Xia Yang, Haihua Zhuo, Zheng Zhou, Lu Cao, Xiuyun Cao, Yiyong Zhou, Jie Xu, Lingling Wan
Summary: This study conducted comprehensive analyses on a dataset spanning over 20 years to evaluate the potential impacts of the Three Gorges Dam in the Yangtze River basin. The results showed significant changes in water levels, flow velocity, and physicochemical parameters. The dam's retention effect reduced suspended solids and certain pollutants, but total nitrogen increased and dissolved oxygen decreased.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emad Ali, Jamel Orfi, Hany AlAnsary, Saleh Baakeem, Ahmad S. Alsaadi, Noreddine Ghaffour
Summary: Three different modifications of the reversal multi-stage flash (MSF) plant were proposed and compared. The hybrid MSF and membrane distillation (MD) configuration showed promising results, while the cascaded MSF blocks had different advantages and disadvantages.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tapas K. Das, Matt Folley, Paul Lamont-Kane, Carwyn Frost
Summary: A wave-powered desalination unit combines wave energy conversion and reverse osmosis membrane technology to produce fresh water. Research has shown that variable feed flow conditions can impact the performance of the RO membrane, especially when there are large fluctuations in flow rate, leading to increased permeate salinity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zahra Hosseini, Ali Kargari
Summary: In this study, single-layer and dual-layer polyphenyl sulfone flat sheet nanocomposite Janus membranes were fabricated for direct contact membrane distillation. The addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles into the membranes improved the fluxes and salt rejection performance. The optimal dual-layer membrane had a SiNP-B concentration of 2 wt% and a hydrophobic thickness of 50 μm.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohammad Mahdi A. Shirazi, Aamer Ali, Cejna Anna Quist-Jensen
Summary: In this study, membrane crystallization was used to recover lithium carbonate crystals from synthetic brine solutions. The effects of operating conditions and salt additives on crystallization were investigated. The results showed that feed temperature and the presence of NaCl and KCl had significant impacts on crystal size.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Chen, Yu Yang, Nigel J. D. Graham, Zhenyu Li, Xingtao Yang, Zhining Wang, Nadia Farhat, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Li -an Hou
Summary: The fouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes is a persistent challenge in desalination. This study monitored the operational performance of a desalination plant for 7 years and the fouling development in different areas of membrane modules. The findings showed that operational performance declined over time and fouling mainly occurred at the feed side of the modules, with the highest microbial diversity. Keystone species like Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes played an important role in maintaining community structure and biofilm maturation. Polysaccharides, soluble microbial products, marine humic acid-like substances, and inorganic substances contributed to fouling. Overall, biofouling had a significant impact on membrane fouling after 7 years of operation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiaqi Xu, Pan Chen
Summary: In this study, a high-performance lithium-ion sieve was prepared using inexpensive attapulgite. The sieve exhibited excellent adsorption efficiency, selectivity, and recycling properties. The formation of a lithium ion memory pore and the filling of pores by lithium ions were observed during the adsorption process. The study provides a new approach to the market application of attapulgite resources.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Zhang, Yongtao He, Linchun Jia, Lei Xu, Zheng Wang, Yueling He, Ling Xiong, Xumeng Lin, Hong Chen, Gang Xue
Summary: By synergizing organic carbon source, thiosulfate, and zero-valent iron, efficient mixotrophic denitrification of oligotrophic secondary effluent can be achieved. Thiosulfate plays a vital role in promoting TN removal efficiency, while corrosion of Fe0 releases OH- to neutralize H+ from thiosulfate-driven denitrification, creating a suitable environment for denitrification. The coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintains the dominance of Thiobacillus for denitrification.
