Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dongxu Chen, Liuqian Yang, Zhiran Zhang, Ya-nan Wang, Dandan Ouyang, Hui Zhu, Jiao Yin
Summary: This study creatively develops a new chloride ion trapping electrode material by embedding iron nanoparticles into carbon fibers. The electrode exhibits high capacity and good stability, showing excellent adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rate during the capacitive deionization process.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xi Hu, Yutong Song, Yundi Lv, Beibei Wang, Jinbo Bai, Shenghua Ma
Summary: A sandwich-structured solar-driven interfacial evaporator (SSIE) assembled with three-dimensional cellulose aerogel membranes and an air-laid paper achieves outstanding evaporation rate and energy efficiency for seawater desalination.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Han, Xiuchao Yang, Xiaoai Yin, Qian Fang, Longshan Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exposed root distribution patterns on rainfall-runoff processes. The results showed that the distribution patterns of exposed root had a significant impact on rainfall-runoff processes. A vertical slope arrangement was conducive to rainfall infiltration, a parallel slope arrangement resulted in more surface runoff, and a transverse slope arrangement could reduce water loss.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bing Sun, Mengyuan Wu, Huange Zhen, Yuandong Jia, Peiyu Li, Zhijie Yuan, Xiangcun Li, Gaohong He, Xiaobin Jiang
Summary: This study proposes a controllable method for fabricating tailor-made MD membranes by in situ growth of SiO2 nanoparticles on the membrane surface. The modified membranes, with a hybrid macro/micro-structure, exhibit super hydrophobicity and excellent wetting resistance, resulting in high salt rejection during VMD process.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jiale Chen, Michael Dannenmann, Qiang Yu, Yalong Shi, Matthew D. Wallenstein, Xinguo Han, Honghui Wu, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Summary: This study investigated the effects of temperature and moisture on soil nitrogen turnover through field experiments and laboratory incubation experiments. The results showed that soil temperature had a greater explanatory power than moisture in gross ammonification and nitrification rates. Climate warming may have a greater impact on gross nitrogen turnover compared to changes in rainfall.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xu Zhang, Zhiguo Qu, Zetian Tang, Mazhar Iqbal
Summary: In this study, a model considering the coupled influence of pH and temperature on interfacial reactions is established for osmotic energy conversion. The increases in pH and temperature synergistically promote the interfacial deprotonation reaction and increase the surface charge density. The energy conversion performance under temperature regulation is divided into the interface-dominant zone and the solution-dominant zone based on pH value and ion selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Joel Minier-Matar, Eman Alshamari, Mohsin Raja, Farhan Khan, Mashael Al-Maas, Altaf Hussain, Samer Adham
Summary: This study applied LC-OCD methodology to characterize organic compounds in industrial wastewater from a gas production facility, and evaluated the performance of a full-scale RO system with and without ACF pretreatment. The results showed that ACF pretreatment can effectively reduce membrane fouling.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hannah Ray, Deena Hannoun, Jason Assouline, Jim Vickers, Eric Dickenson
Summary: Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are widely used membrane treatment technologies that can effectively remove particulates, dissolved compounds, bacteria, and viruses. The study evaluated the removal performance of three chemical markers and found that sulfate and sucralose were effective choices.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ali Naeimi Tabasian, Francesco Ricceri, Matteo Morciano, Giorgio Boscheri, Rachele Perelli, Matteo Fasano, Alberto Tiraferri
Summary: Improving wastewater reuse systems is crucial for the economy of space exploration activities. This study evaluates the use of direct contact membrane distillation to treat urine for direct potable reuse in space stations. A 2-D model is developed to predict system behavior, and experimental tests validate the model. The results show high rejection of soluble salts and organics, but ammonia passage may hinder direct water reuse. Lowering the feed pH can limit ammonia passage and simplify posttreatment steps.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Shinyoung Park, Rajkumar Patel, Yun Chul Woo
Summary: Polyester-based membranes are a promising alternative to conventional polyamide-based membranes for nanofiltration, offering higher water flux and reasonable salt/dye rejection.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Youjin Kim, Soyeon Lee, Chang-Min Kim, Am Jang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of adsorbent particle size on the morphology and performance of dynamic membranes. The results show that reducing the size of the adsorbent particles can enhance the membrane flux and humic acid removal efficiency.
