Urology & Nephrology

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Targeted Prostate Biopsy: Umbra, Penumbra, and Value of Perilesional Sampling

Wayne G. Brisbane, Alan M. Priester, Jorge Ballon, Lorna Kwanb, Merdie K. Delfin, Ely R. Felker, Anthony E. Sisk, Jim C. Hu, Leonard S. Marks

Summary: This study explores the utility of perilesional biopsies in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. The results demonstrate that biopsies taken from a 10-mm radius outside MRI lesions contain most cores of cancer that are not present within the lesion, suggesting that sampling both within and around lesions increases sensitivity for cancer detection.

EUROPEAN UROLOGY (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Safety and immediate humoral response of COVID-19 vaccines in chronic kidney disease patients: the SENCOVAC study

Borja Quiroga, Maria Jose Soler, Alberto Ortiz, Shaira Martinez Vaquera, Carlos Jesus Jarava Mantecon, Gustavo Useche, Maria Gabriela Sanchez Marquez, Manuel Carnerero, Maria Teresa Jaldo Rodriguez, Patricia Munoz Ramos, Juan Carlos Ruiz San Millan, Nestor Toapanta, Carolina Gracia-Iguacel, Maria Cinta Aguilar Cervera, Noelia Balibrea Lara, Alba Leyva, Jose Rojas, Ron T. Gansevoort, Patricia de Sequera

Summary: This study aims to describe the humoral response and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in CKD patients. The results show that most CKD patients develop antibodies after vaccination, but kidney transplant patients have a lower antibody response rate, suggesting the need for additional isolation measures and booster doses of the vaccine.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Spatially Resolved Transcriptomic Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury in a Female Murine Model

Eryn E. Dixon, Haojia Wu, Yoshiharu Muto, Parker C. Wilson, Benjamin D. Humphreys

Summary: This study utilized a new spatial transcriptomic sequencing platform to analyze the topography of gene expression and revealed intercellular communication networks and regional gene expression patterns during kidney injury and repair. The results showed that injured proximal tubule cells continued to interact with macrophages and lymphocytes even 6 weeks after injury, potentially reflecting the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Dephosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase exacerbates ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury via mitochondrial dysfunction

Haijian Ma, Xiaozhen Guo, Shichao Cui, Yongmei Wu, Yangming Zhang, Xiaoyan Shen, Cen Xie, Jingya Li

Summary: This study reveals that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important protective role in tubular epithelial cells during acute kidney injury. The deficiency of AMPK leads to lipid droplet accumulation and elevated levels of ceramides and free fatty acids in the kidney tubules, resulting in worsened kidney impairment.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on male reproductive health

Daniel E. Nassau, Jordan C. Best, Eliyahu Kresch, Daniel C. Gonzalez, Kajal Khodamoradi, Ranjith Ramasamy

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has disproportionately affected men, with androgens potentially playing a role in more severe disease. However, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the specific mechanisms by which COVID-19 impacts male reproductive organs and the long-term consequences on male reproductive health.

BJU INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Genetic testing in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease: recommendations for clinical practice

Nine Knoers, Corinne Antignac, Carsten Bergmann, Karin Dahan, Sabrina Giglio, Laurence Heidet, Beata S. Lipska-Zietkiewicz, Marina Noris, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Rosa Vargas-Poussou, Franz Schaefer

Summary: Massively parallel sequencing-based genetic testing shows high diagnostic yield in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but faces barriers in routine clinical practice. This article aims to support nephrologists in overcoming these barriers and provides important factors in genetic testing for nephrology.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Same-day discharge surgery for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in the era of ERAS and prehabilitation pathways: a contemporary, comparative, feasibility study

Guillaume Ploussard, Christophe Almeras, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Jean-Romain Gautier, Guillaume Loison, Ambroise Salin, Christophe Tollon

Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of same-day discharge after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in the context of enhanced recovery after surgery and prehabilitation pathways. The results showed that this approach is safe, reduces cost, and does not compromise the post-operative course.

WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)

Ian H. de Boer, Kamlesh Khunti, Tami Sadusky, Katherine R. Tuttle, Joshua J. Neumiller, Connie M. Rhee, Sylvia E. Rosas, Peter Rossing, George Bakris

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Repression of the antiporter SLC7A11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis drives ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells to facilitate vascular calcification

Yuanzhi Ye, An Chen, Li Li, Qingchun Liang, Siyi Wang, Qianqian Dong, Mingwei Fu, Zirong Lan, Yining Li, Xiaoyu Liu, Jing-Song Ou, Lihe Lu, Jianyun Yan

Summary: Vascular calcification is regulated by ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through the repression of the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 axis. Inhibition of ferroptosis reduces mineral deposition and osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs, providing a potential targeting strategy for vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Review Oncology

Advances in PSMA-targeted therapy for prostate cancer

Fujin Wang, Zhifeng Li, Xiaoqian Feng, Dazhuang Yang, Mei Lin

Summary: PSMA, a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed in prostate cancer, has been extensively studied as a molecular target for therapy. Various PSMA-targeted therapies, such as radioligand therapy, antibody-drug conjugates, and cellular immunotherapy, have shown significant progress in the treatment of PCa.

PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES (2022)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Renal microvascular endothelial cell responses in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury

Grietje Molema, Jan G. Zijlstra, Matijs van Meurs, Jan A. A. M. Kamps

Summary: Endothelial cells in the kidney microvasculature show intrinsic molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity, responding to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in a segment-specific manner. They have been overlooked in sepsis-induced AKI research, although they have potential as pharmacological targets. Various molecular mechanisms control endothelial functions in the development of sepsis-induced AKI, with distinct responses in different microvascular segments.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Roxadustat Versus Epoetin Alfa for Treating Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Dialysis: Results from the Randomized Phase 3 ROCKIES Study

Steven Fishbane, Carol A. Pollock, Mohamed El-Shahawy, Elizabeth T. Escudero, Anjay Rastogi, Bui Pham Van, Lars Frison, Mark Houser, Maksym Pola, Dustin J. Little, Nicolas Guzman, Pablo E. Pergola

Summary: Roxadustat effectively increases hemoglobin in patients with dialysis-dependent CKD, and its adverse event profile is comparable to that of epoetin alfa.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Hyperkalemia-Related Discontinuation of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors and Clinical Outcomes in CKD: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Silvia J. Leon, Reid Whitlock, Claudio Rigatto, Paul Komenda, Clara Bohm, Ewa Sucha, Sarah E. Bota, Meltem Tuna, David Collister, Manish Sood, Navdeep Tangri

Summary: Discontinuation of RAAS inhibitors is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with CKD, including high mortality, increased risk of cardiovascular events, and initiation of dialysis.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2022)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

Eve Dube, Noni E. MacDonald

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the crucial role of vaccines in preventing life-threatening diseases and improving global health. Understanding and addressing the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals, especially those with chronic diseases, is essential for increasing vaccine acceptance and uptake.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Investigating new treatment opportunities for patients with chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: the role of finerenone

Rajiv Agarwal, Stefan D. Anker, George Bakris, Gerasimos Filippatos, Bertram Pitt, Peter Rossing, Luis Ruilope, Martin Gebel, Peter Kolkhof, Christina Nowack, Amer Joseph

Summary: Research has found that finerenone, a nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, can protect the kidneys and hearts of patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. The FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD trials are investigating the efficacy and safety of finerenone on kidney failure and cardiovascular outcomes in T2D patients with different stages of kidney disease.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Letter Urology & Nephrology

A fourth dose of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine improves serum neutralization against the Delta variant in kidney transplant recipients

Ilies Benotmane, Timothee Bruel, Delphine Planas, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Olivier Schwartz, Sophie Caillard

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Patient-centred approaches for the management of unpleasant symptoms in kidney disease

Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Mark B. Lockwood, Connie M. Rhee, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Sharon Andreoli, Alessandro Balducci, Paul Laffin, Tess Harris, Richard Knight, Latha Kumaraswami, Vassilios Liakopoulos, Siu-Fai Lui, Sajay Kumar, Maggie Ng, Gamal Saadi, Ifeoma Ulasi, Allison Tong, Philip Kam-Tao Li

Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience symptom burden caused by disease processes, comorbid conditions, therapeutics, and lifestyle regimens. These symptoms may involve various systems and are often worsened by factors such as uremic toxins, comorbid conditions, pharmacotherapies, and aging. A tailored palliative care approach can help identify and target these unpleasant symptoms, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

A Phase 2 Trial of the Effect of Antiandrogen Therapy on COVID-19 Outcome: No Evidence of Benefit, Supported by Epidemiology and In Vitro Data

Karin Welen, Ebba Rosendal, Magnus Gisslen, Annasara Lenman, Eva Freyhult, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodriguez, Daniel Bremell, Johan Stranne, Ase Ostholm Balkhed, Katarina Niward, Johanna Repo, David Robinsson, Anna J. Henningsson, Johan Styrke, Martin Angelin, Elisabeth Lindquist, Annika Allard, Miriam Becker, Stina Rudolfsson, Robert Buckland, Camilla Thellenberg Carlsson, Anders Bjartell, Anna C. Nilsson, Clas Ahlm, Anne-Marie Fors Connolly, Anna K. Overby, Andreas Josefsson

Summary: The study suggests that antiandrogens may not have therapeutic or preventive effects in COVID-19 patients, and androgen inhibition may lead to longer hospitalizations and higher risk of death.

EUROPEAN UROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Guidelines for Genetic Testing and Management of Alport Syndrome

Judy Savige, Beata S. Lipska-Zietkiewicz, Elizabeth Watson, Jens Michael Hertz, Constantinos Deltas, Francesca Mari, Pascale Hilbert, Pavlina Plevova, Peter Byers, Agne Cerkauskaite, Martin Gregory, Rimante Cerkauskiene, Danica Galesic Ljubanovic, Francesca Becherucci, Carmela Errichiello, Laura Massella, Valeria Aiello, Rachel Lennon, Louise Hopkinson, Ania Koziell, Adrian Lungu, Hansjorg Martin Rothe, Julia Hoefele, Miriam Zacchia, Tamara Nikuseva Martic, Asheeta Gupta, Albertien van Eerde, Susie Gear, Samuela Landini, Viviana Palazzo, Laith al-Rabadi, Kathleen Claes, Anniek Corveleyn, Evelien Van Hoof, Micheel van Geel, Maggie Williams, Emma Ashton, Hendica Belge, Elisabet Ars, Agnieszka Bierzynska, Concetta Gangemi, Alessandra Renieri, Helen Storey, Frances Flinter

Summary: Genetic testing for pathogenic COL4A3?5 variants is crucial for investigating persistent hematuria and suspected inherited kidney diseases. Even in cases where a heterozygous pathogenic COL4A3 or COL4A4 is suspected, experts recommend genetic testing and cascade testing of family members to reduce the risk of kidney dysfunction. Testing for variants in the COL4A3?5 genes is also recommended for other kidney conditions such as proteinuria, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, IgA glomerulonephritis, and kidney failure of unknown cause.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Clinical outcomes from the Assessing Donor-derived cell-free DNA Monitoring Insights of kidney Allografts with Longitudinal surveillance (ADMIRAL) study

Lihong Bu, Gaurav Gupta, Akshta Pai, Sanjiv Anand, Erik Stites, Irfan Moinuddin, Victor Bowers, Pranjal Jain, David A. Axelrod, Matthew R. Weir, Theresa K. Wolf-Doty, Jijiao Zeng, Wenlan Tian, Kunbin Qu, Robert Woodward, Sham Dholakia, Aleskandra De Golovine, Jonathan S. Bromberg, Haris Murad, Tarek Alhamad

Summary: Routine monitoring of dd-cfDNA after kidney transplant can help identify subclinical allograft injury and intervene before clinical graft injury develops. This study found a significant correlation between elevated levels of dd-cfDNA and allograft rejection. Persistently elevated dd-cfDNA predicted a decline in kidney function. Therefore, routine monitoring of dd-cfDNA can be an important tool for early detection of graft injury.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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