Tropical Medicine

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Epidemiological profile of imported malaria cases in the prevention of reestablishment phase in Sri Lanka

Priyani Dharmawardena, Risintha Premaratne, Rajitha Wickremasinghe, Kamini Mendis, Deepika Fernando

Summary: Sri Lanka reported the last case of indigenous malaria in 2012 and received malaria-free certification in 2016, but still faces challenges with imported malaria. A study on imported malaria cases in 2015 and 2016 found that most infections were among males aged 21-50 who had recently traveled overseas, with the majority of cases in the Western Province.

PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

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Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Monkeypox 2022 outbreak: An update

Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Christian G. Meyer

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

When a Neglected Tropical Disease Goes Global: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Italian Physicians towards Monkeypox, Preliminary Results

Matteo Ricco, Pietro Ferraro, Vincenzo Camisa, Elia Satta, Alessandro Zaniboni, Silvia Ranzieri, Antonio Baldassarre, Salvatore Zaffina, Federico Marchesi

Summary: This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Italian medical professionals regarding monkeypox (MPX). The results showed that there were significant knowledge gaps and a lack of risk perception among the participants. However, a majority of them were in favor of using variola vaccine to prevent MPX, and previous vaccination against seasonal influenza and willingness to receive variola vaccine were identified as the main factors influencing their attitude.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron-driven fourth wave compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Mary-Ann Davies, Reshma Kassanjee, Petro Rousseau, Erna Morden, Leigh Johnson, Wesley Solomon, Nei-Yuan Hsiao, Hannah Hussey, Graeme Meintjes, Masudah Paleker, Theuns Jacobs, Peter Raubenheimer, Alexa Heekes, Pierre Dane, Jamy-Lee Bam, Mariette Smith, Wolfgang Preiser, David Pienaar, Marc Mendelson, Jonathan Naude, Neshaad Schrueder, Ayanda Mnguni, Sue Le Roux, Kathleen Murie, Hans Prozesky, Hassan Mahomed, Liezel Rossouw, Sean Wasserman, Deborah Maughan, Linda Boloko, Barry Smith, Jantjie Taljaard, Greg Symons, Ntobeko A. B. Ntusi, Arifa Parker, Nicole Wolter, Waasila Jassat, Cheryl Cohen, Richard Lessells, Robert J. Wilkinson, Juanita Arendse, Saadiq Kariem, Melvin Moodley, Milani Wolmarans, Keith Cloete, Andrew Boulle

Summary: This study compared COVID-19 outcomes in the Omicron-driven fourth wave with prior waves, assessed the contribution of undiagnosed prior infection to differences in outcomes, and determined whether protection against severe disease conferred by prior infection and/or vaccination was maintained. The study found that severe COVID-19 outcomes were reduced in the Omicron-driven wave mostly due to protection from prior infection and/or vaccination.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Achievements in relation to WHO road map targets for 2020

Jose R. Franco, Giuliano Cecchi, Massimo Paone, Abdoulaye Diarra, Lise Grout, Augustin Kadima Ebeja, Pere P. Simarro, Weining Zhao, Daniel Argaw

Summary: The progress towards the elimination of HAT has been steady, with a significant reduction in reported cases and expansion of healthcare facilities for diagnosis and treatment. However, the target for reducing the high-risk HAT areas has not been fully achieved. Active surveillance and screening efforts have been sustained, although the COVID-19 pandemic has caused some limitations. Two countries have been validated for achieving HAT elimination, while three more are under review. The commitment and coordination of stakeholders have been crucial in achieving these advancements.

PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES (2022)

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Article Tropical Medicine

Hesitancy in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its associated factors among the general adult population: a cross-sectional study in six Southeast Asian countries

Roy Rillera Marzo, Waqas Sami, Md Zakiul Alam, Swosti Acharya, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert, Karnjana Songwathana, Nhat Tan Pham, Titik Respati, Erwin Martinez Faller, Aries Moralidad Baldonado, Yadanar Aung, Sharmila Mukund Borkar, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Sunil Shrestha, Siyan Yi

Summary: The study explores public perception regarding COVID-19 vaccination in six Southeast Asian countries and identifies factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. The majority of participants were optimistic about the effectiveness of the vaccine and willing to receive it, but about half expressed hesitancy. Hesitancy was associated with socioeconomic factors and varied by country.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HEALTH (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Remdesivir Efficacy in COVID-19 Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Marwa Salama, Shaimaa Soliman, Ahmed Mohamed Naguib, Ibrahim S. Ibrahim, Mohamed Torky, Mohamed Samir Abd El Ghafar, Enas Abdul-Raouf M. Abdul-Baki, Mohammed Elhendawy

Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of Remdesivir in Egyptian patients with COVID-19 and found that it had a positive impact on the length of hospital stay but did not have a mortality benefit. Its use should be considered in addition to standard care when other effective options are limited.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

The global epidemiology of chikungunya from 1999 to 2020: A systematic literature review to inform the development and introduction of vaccines

Alison Bettis, Maina L'Azou Jackson, In-Kyu Yoon, J. Gabrielle J. Breugelmans, Ana M. Goios, Duane Gubler, Ann Powers

Summary: Chikungunya fever is a global public health issue caused by a mosquito-borne virus. There is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological knowledge, including challenges for vaccine trials and understanding of long-term population immunity. Further research is crucial for vaccine development.

PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Perceived COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, acceptance, and drivers of vaccination decision-making among the general adult population: A global survey of 20 countries

Roy Rillera Marzo, Absar Ahmad, Md Saiful Islam, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Petra Heidler, Isabel King, Arulmani Thiyagarajan, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert, Karnjana Songwathana, Delan Ameen Younus, Radwa Abdullah El-Abasiri, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Nhat Tan Pham, Titik Respati, Susan Fitriyana, Erwin Martinez Faller, Aries Moralidad Baldonado, Md Arif Billah, Yadanar Aung, Shehu Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Mujtaba Asad, Kareem Ahmed El-Fass, Sudip Bhattacharya, Sunil Shrestha, Nouran Ameen Elsayed Hamza, Pascal Friedmann, Michael Head, Yulan Lin, Siyan Yi

Summary: This study aims to investigate the characteristics that influence perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and decision making among adult populations in different socioeconomic and cultural contexts. The findings reveal the prevalence of perceptions towards vaccine effectiveness, acceptance, hesitancy, and drivers of vaccination decision-making. Factors such as age, gender, residence, education, marital status, and income are identified as associated factors of outcome variables.

PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES (2022)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Monkeypox claims new victims: the outbreak in men who have sex with men

Xiaoning Liu, Zheng Zhu, Yun He, Jia Wen Lim, Bethany Lane, Hui Wang, Qiaoli Peng, Liqin Sun, Hongzhou Lu

Summary: Monkeypox, which was previously confined to Western and Central African countries, has now seen a changing trend with a multinational outbreak in Europe. The outbreak has affected men who have sex with men (MSM), with many cases displaying atypical clinical symptoms and co-infection with other sexually transmitted diseases.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY (2022)

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Review Parasitology

Climate change and zoonoses: A review of the current status, knowledge gaps, and future trends

Ruwini Rupasinghe, Bruno B. Chomel, Beatriz Martinez-Lopez

Summary: This article discusses the impact of climate change on zoonotic diseases, revealing that climate change may lead to geographical expansion and increased severity of zoonoses. Despite knowledge gaps, further research is needed to fully understand the effects of these changes.

ACTA TROPICA (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Vaccine hesitancy among communities in ten countries in Asia, Africa, and South America during the COVID-19 pandemic

Harapan Harapan, Samsul Anwar, Amanda Yufika, Khan Sharun, Mahir Gachabayov, Marhami Fahriani, Milda Husnah, Rawan Raad, Rashed Y. A. Abdalla, Rashed Y. Adam, Namareg M. E. Khiri, Mohajer I. H. Ismaeil, Asma Y. Ismail, Wajdi Kacem, Nesrine B. H. Dahman, Zeineb Teyeb, Khaoula Aloui, Montacer Hafsi, Manel Ferjani, Dalia A. Deeb, Dina Emad, Kirellos Said Abbas, Fatma A. Monib, Farah S. Sami, R. Subramaniam, Suhrud Panchawagh, Sunil Anandu, Md Ariful Haque, Lirane E. D. Ferreto, Maria F. C. Briones, Rocio B. Morales, Sebastian A. L. Diaz, Jose T. O. Aburto, Jorge E. T. Rojas, Emmanuel O. Balogun, Seyi S. Enitan, Akele R. Yomi, Abiodun Durosinmi, Eyiuche D. Ezigbo, Esther N. Adejumo, Elham Babadi, Edris Kakemam, Najma Malik, Irfan Ullah, Dott F. Rosiello, Talha B. Emran, Guilherme W. Wendt, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Abram L. Wagner, Mudatsir Mudatsir

Summary: The study aimed to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy in communities, finding that belief in vaccination benefits and concerns about new vaccines were still prevalent in 10 countries in Asia, Africa, and South America.

PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Cardiovascular Manifestation of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents

Suyanee Mansanguan, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Wilanee Dechkhajorn, Akkapon Poolcharoen, Chayasin Mansanguan

Summary: This study investigated cardiovascular manifestations, such as myocarditis and pericarditis, in Thai adolescents following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine injection. The results showed that 29.24% of participants experienced cardiovascular manifestations, including tachycardia, palpitation, and myopericarditis. Myopericarditis was the most common clinical presentation, but it was usually mild and temporary, with full recovery within 14 days.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The Geographical Distribution and Influencing Factors of COVID-19 in China

Weiwei Li, Ping Zhang, Kaixu Zhao, Sidong Zhao

Summary: The study of spatial differentiation and driving mechanism of COVID-19 in cities helps to understand the spatial distribution and transmission model of the epidemic. Geodetector is an effective tool for analyzing spatial differentiation and its influencing factors. The research found that COVID-19 has a highly spatial heterogeneity and correlation in its distribution and spread, which is related to the inequalities in economic, social, and residential environments.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Acceptance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shaimaa Abdelaziz Abdelmoneim, Malik Sallam, Dina Mohamed Hafez, Ehab Elrewany, Hesham Metwalli Mousli, Elsayed Mohamed Hammad, Sally Waheed Elkhadry, Mohammed Fathelrahman Adam, Amr Abdelraouf Ghobashy, Manal Naguib, Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El-Deen, Narjiss Aji, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy

Summary: This study investigated the acceptance and intention of COVID-19 vaccine booster dose among general populations and healthcare workers. The findings showed that the acceptance rate of the booster dose was 81%, the actual uptake rate was 31%, and the intention rate was 79%. There were regional variations in the acceptance rates, highlighting the need for public awareness campaigns.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A tentative assessment of the changes in transmissibility and fatality risk associated with Beta SARS-CoV-2 variants in South Africa: an ecological study

Shi Zhao, Zhihang Peng, Maggie H. Wang

Summary: The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Beta (B.1.351) variants, first reported in South Africa, has challenged the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. These variants are estimated to be 41% more transmissible and 53% more fatal than non-Beta variants, leading to potentially increasing volumes of infections and critical patients.

PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

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Review Parasitology

A review on the diagnosis of animal trypanosomoses

Marc Desquesnes, Marisa Gonzatti, Alireza Sazmand, Sophie Thevenon, Geraldine Bossard, Alain Boulange, Geoffrey Gimonneau, Philippe Truc, Stephane Herder, Sophie Ravel, Denis Sereno, Vincent Jamonneau, Sathaporn Jittapalapong, Philippe Jacquiet, Philippe Solano, David Berthier

Summary: This review discusses the reliable and up-to-date methods for diagnosing trypanosomoses caused by trypanosomes in wild and domestic mammals. The diseases have significant impact on human and animal health, as well as livestock economy. The review covers various diagnostic methods including parasite detection, DNA detection, and antibody detection, while considering factors such as sensitivity, specificity, and cost constraints. It also addresses the challenge of diagnosing mixed infections and the importance of improving diagnostic procedures worldwide for better infection control and One Health.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2022)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Combating the global spread of poverty-related Monkeypox outbreaks and beyond

Ernest Tambo, Ashwaq M. Al-Nazawi

Summary: The unprecedented outbreaks of Monkeypox in non-endemic countries have resulted in a large number of cases, but it does not yet constitute a global public health emergency. We call for increased cooperation and investment in the prevention and control of Monkeypox, and the implementation of population-based programs in disadvantaged areas.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Malaria chemoprevention and drug resistance: a review of the literature and policy implications

Christopher Plowe

Summary: Chemoprevention strategies reduce malaria disease and death, but drug resistance poses a threat to their efficacy. The use of chemoprevention does not inevitably lead to increased resistance, and high rates of resistance do not necessarily impair efficacy. However, as drugs are widely used, resistance generally increases and efficacy may be lost.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Parasitology

Chagas disease control-surveillance in the Americas: the multinational initiatives and the practical impossibility of interrupting vector-borne Trypanosoma cruzi transmission

Antonieta Rojas de Arias, Carlota Monroy, Felipe Guhl, Sergio Sosa-Estani, Walter Souza Santos, Fernando Abad-Franch

Summary: Chagas disease remains a heavy burden in Latin American countries, with thousands of new infections each year and millions of carriers of Trypanosoma cruzi. While transmission through blood transfusion and organ transplantation is under control, interrupting vector-borne transmission of T. cruzi seems unfeasible. Stronger surveillance systems, increased screening for pregnant women, and improved patient care are needed.

MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ (2022)

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