Tropical Medicine

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Article Parasitology

Comparative proteomic analysis of wall-forming bodies and oocyst wall reveals the molecular basis underlying oocyst wall formation in Eimeria necatrix

Lele Wang, Dandan Liu, Yu Zhu, Feiyan Wang, Weimin Cai, Qianqian Feng, Shijie Su, Zhaofeng Hou, Jinjun Xu, Junjie Hu, Jianping Tao

Summary: This study presents the proteomes of wall-forming bodies (WFBs) and the oocyst wall of Eimeria necatrix, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of oocyst wall formation in Eimeria parasites. The identified proteins offer valuable resources for the development of novel therapeutic agents and vaccines against coccidian transmission.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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Article Parasitology

Validation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for improved New World Leishmania species identification via analysis of 70-kDA heat shock protein

Luz Helena Patino, Nathalia Ballesteros, Marina Munoz, Jesus Jaimes, Adriana C. Castillo-Castaneda, Roy Madigan, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Juan David Ramirez

Summary: The study introduced a new 771 bp HSP70-Long marker based on the 70-kDa heat shock protein gene for accurate identification of diverse Leishmania species and coinfection events in clinical samples. Both the HSP70-Long and HSP70-Short markers demonstrated strong discriminatory capabilities in distinguishing different Leishmania species and detecting instances of coinfection.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Updated review of wet pack complications in pulse vacuum pressure steam sterilisation processes in central sterile supply departments

Qiyun Huang, Jing Tang, Jie Zhu, Huan Tan, Yan Huang, Guxiang He

Summary: The quality of sterilization and disinfection directly affects the safety of patients and the quality of hospital services. Understanding the sterilization process and potential causes of contamination is crucial for risk assessment and implementing corrective measures.

TROPICAL DOCTOR (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Identification of breeding habitats and kdr mutations in Anopheles spp. in South Korea

Hyelee Hong, Tae-Hui Eom, Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh, Bao Duong Tuan, Hyun Park, Seon-Ju Yeo

Summary: This study investigated the breeding sites and genetic diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes in South Korea. Two breeding sites were found and a kdr allele mutant was identified. Continuous monitoring of Anopheles larvae and updating information on breeding sites, as well as understanding the environmental conditions of Anopheles habitats, are necessary for effective malaria control programs.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Challenges in the management of cutis congenita aplasia in rural low resource settings: A case report from Kabale regional referral hospital in South-Western Uganda

Robert Mugarura, Ronard Tumwesigye, Leo Odongo, Mary Katushabe, Jesudian Gnanaraj

TROPICAL DOCTOR (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Prediction of malaria positivity using patients' demographic and environmental features and clinical symptoms to complement parasitological confirmation before treatment

Taiwo Adetola Ojurongbe, Habeeb Abiodun Afolabi, Kehinde Adekunle Bashiru, Waidi Folorunso Sule, Sunday Babatunde Akinde, Olusola Ojurongbe, Nurudeen A. Adegoke

Summary: This study used a machine-learning model to predict the presence of malaria based on sociodemographic behavior, environment, and clinical features. The model showed promising results, providing a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.

TROPICAL DISEASES TRAVEL MEDICINE AND VACCINES (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Sustained high fatality during TB therapy amid rapid decline in TB mortality at population level: A retrospective cohort and ecological analysis from Shiselweni, Eswatini

Bernhard Kerschberger, Debrah Vambe, Michael Schomaker, Edwin Mabhena, Michelle Daka, Themba Dlamini, Siphiwe Ngwenya, Bheki Mamba, Bongekile Nxumalo, Joyce Sibanda, Sisi Dube, Lindiwe Mdluli Dlamini, Esther Mukooza, Tom Ellman, Iza Ciglenecki

Summary: Despite a decline in TB notifications, TB-related deaths remain high in Southern Africa. This study examines patient-level and population-level trends in TB-related deaths in Eswatini over an 11-year period.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Is qPCR always the most sensitive method for malaria diagnostic quality surveillance?

Cristian Koepfli

Summary: In studies evaluating the quality of malaria diagnosis, microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are often compared to PCR. Depending on factors such as sample collection, storage methods, and choice of PCR target, the limit of detection (LOD) of PCR may not always exceed that of microscopy or RDT.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Parasitology

A dual-antigen malaria vaccine targeting Pb22 and Pbg37 was able to induce robust transmission-blocking activity

Wenyan Gao, Yue Qiu, Liying Zhu, Xinxin Yu, Fan Yang, Muyan Chen, Gang He, Yinjie Liu, Liwang Cui, Fei Liu, Xiaotong Zhu, Yaming Cao

Summary: Dual-antigen malaria vaccines that target both pre- and post-fertilization antigens can provide a promising higher transmission-reducing activity compared to single antigens.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Fever in focus: Symptoms, diagnoses and treatment of febrile children in Ghana-A longitudinal hospital study

Lydia Helen Rautman, Oumou Maiga-Ascofare, Daniel Eibach, Benedikt Hogan, Denise Dekker, Anna Jaeger, Charity Wiafe Akenten, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Felix Osei Boateng, Henry Hanson, Kennedy Gyau Boahen, Nimako Sarpong, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Benno Kreuels, Juergen May, Ralf Krumkamp

Summary: Limited healthcare resources in sub-Saharan Africa make accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of childhood febrile illness challenging. This study explored the longitudinal characteristics of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of hospitalised febrile children in a rural area of Ghana highly endemic for malaria.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Factors associated with mortality in HIV-TB co-infected patients during and after the course of TB treatment in high-burden settings, Mumbai, India: A cohort analysis

Shrikala Acharya, Vijaykumar Karanjkar, Sunil P. Bhamre, Amol Palkar, Dhirubhai Rathod, Maninder Singh Setia

Summary: This study aims to investigate the factors associated with mortality in HIV-TB co-infected patients during and after the course of TB treatment. The study found that patients with a CD4 count of 0-200 cells/mm(3), ART na & iuml;ve patients referred to the ART center with a diagnosis of TB, patients in the first 6 months after initiation of ART, and patients with a decrease in CD4 counts from the start to the end of TB treatment had significantly higher mortality rates. Therefore, early identification and treatment of TB and HIV, as well as post-treatment follow-up and monitoring, are important for the management of these patients.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Head-to-head comparison of two loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) kits for diagnosis of malaria in a non-endemic setting

Anna-Clara Ivarsson, Elin Fransen, Ioanna Broumou, Anna Farnert, Kristina E. M. Persson, Sara Karlsson Sobirk

Summary: This study compared the diagnostic performance of two LAMP kits for malaria detection and found that the HumaTurb Loopamp Malaria PDT kit outperformed the Alethia Illumigene Malaria kit.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Abdominal wall calcification in a peritoneal dialysis patient

M. Gurupriya, G. Anuhya, Mathini Sundarmurthy, Aishwarya P. Lakshmi, R. Ram, V. Siva Kumar

Summary: Abdominal wall calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients is a rare occurrence. We present a case of a 40-year-old female with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease, who underwent peritoneal dialysis without any prior history of autoimmune disease or tuberculosis.

TROPICAL DOCTOR (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (real-time LAMP) assay for rapid diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess

Sandhya Khunger, Abhishek Mewara, Upninder Kaur, Ajay Duseja, Pallab Ray, Naveen Kalra, Navneet Sharma, Rakesh Sehgal

Summary: Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is the second deadliest parasitic disease after malaria. Conventional diagnostic methods for ALA are not sensitive enough, thus there is a need for the development of effective and rapid diagnostic methods. In this study, a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed and compared to conventional and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) methods. The results showed that RT-LAMP had higher analytical sensitivity and could be used as a rapid and effective tool for the diagnosis of ALA.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2023)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Evaluation of a computational model for mycetoma-causative agents identification

Hyam Omar Ali, Romain Abraham, Guillaume Desoubeaux, Ahmed H. Fahal, Clovis Tauber

Summary: This study proposed a computational approach based on machine learning for the identification of causative agents in mycetoma, achieving a satisfactory accuracy on the dataset. The method showed robustness to small errors in grain segmentation and changes in acquisition protocols, with grain texture homogeneity being the most discriminative feature for distinguishing between eumycetoma and actinomycetoma.

TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2023)

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Review Parasitology

Exploring the immune interactions between Oncomelania hupensis and Schistosoma japonicum, with a cross-comparison of immunological research progress in other intermediate host snails

Hongyu Li, Yihan Chen, Yunhuan Zhu, Yilu Feng, Yuncheng Qian, Xiaoyu Ye, Jiatong Xu, Hanyu Yang, Jiawei Yu, Jingyu Chen, Keda Chen

Summary: Schistosomiasis, a major parasitic disease, primarily affects economically underdeveloped tropical regions. Controlling the life cycle of intermediate host snails is crucial for preventing and controlling the disease. Exploring the immune interactions between the snails and schistosomes can provide valuable insights for further research and the development of comprehensive strategies.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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Article Parasitology

Lentinan has a beneficial effect on cognitive deficits induced by chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice

Shuxi Liu, Ziyi Yan, Yuan Peng, Yunqiu Liu, Yiling Li, Daxiang Xu, Yuying Gong, Zeyu Cui, Yongshui Wu, Yumei Zhang, Dahui Wang, Wei Pan, Xiaoying Yang

Summary: The clinical trial conducted in the U.S. shows that Pedmark, an orphan drug being developed by Hepalink USA, demonstrates efficacy in preventing nausea and vomiting in pediatric and adolescent patients. The drug is being used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Aliphatic Lactones of Natural Origin: Their Toxicological and Behavioral Effects as a Possible Control Strategy for Medical Importance Mosquitoes

Jessica V. Mendoza, Laura V. Harburguer, Paula V. Gonzalez

Summary: This review aimed to gather information on the biological effects of naturally occurring gamma and delta lactones on mosquitoes of sanitary importance. Recent studies showed that gamma-octalactone has a repellent effect on adult female Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, and four other aliphatic lactones also have repellent effects on larvae of the same species and Aedes aegypti. Additionally, some aliphatic lactones were found to have a larvicidal effect in both species.

CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Impact of population based indoor residual spraying in combination with mass drug administration on malaria incidence and test positivity in a high transmission setting in north eastern Uganda

Mulebeke Ronald, Wanzira Humphrey, Yeka Adoke, Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre

Summary: This study evaluated the impact of combining mass drug administration and indoor residual spraying compared to indoor residual spraying alone in a high transmission area in Eastern Uganda.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Plasmodium knowlesi in pig-tailed macaques: a potential new model for malaria vaccine research

Melanie J. Shears, Rebekah A. Reynolds, Caroline J. Duncombe, Felicia N. Watson, Weston J. Staubus, Chris Chavtur, Annette M. Seilie, Tuan M. Tran, Sumana Chakravarty, Stephen L. Hoffman, Sean C. Murphy

Summary: This study evaluated the infection of Plasmodium knowlesi in pig-tailed macaques (PTM) and found that PTM has significant potential as a host for malaria vaccine research. Compared to rhesus macaques, PTM showed lower parasite burdens and a benign disease course during P. knowlesi infection.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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