Tropical Medicine

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Article Parasitology

MiR-4521 affects the propagation of Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT-8 cells through targeting foxm1 by regulating cell apoptosis

Qian Yao, Ying-Ying Fan, Shuang Huang, Gui-Rong Hu, Jun-Ke Song, Xin Yang, Guang-Hui Zhao

Summary: This study found that the expression of miR-4521 was upregulated during C. parvum infection, and this upregulation was related to the TLR/NF-kappa B signal pathway. Additionally, miR-4521 promoted the propagation of C. parvum in HCT-8 cells by regulating BCL2-mediated cell apoptosis through targeting foxm1.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Rapid, sensitive, and convenient detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection based on CRISPR and its application in detection of asymptomatic infection

Minghao Zheng, Mengyao Zhang, Hao Li, Shipo Wu, Yuee Zhao, Jinlong Zhang, Yunyue Zhou, Mohamed Boie Jalloh, Kun Zhang, Lina Chen, Zhiqiang Mi, Yong Cui, Lihua Hou

Summary: Rapid and convenient detection of Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite in Africa, is crucial for malaria eradication efforts in medical resource-limited settings. A CRISPR-based diagnostic method that can detect P. falciparum without nucleic acid extraction was developed and showed high sensitivity and consistency with qPCR test. It can also detect artemisinin-resistant strains and other laboratory-cultured strains. This method has great potential for clinical testing and large-scale community screening in Africa and other regions.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs: Determination of viral loads, distributions, localizations, and pathology

Chutchai Piewbang, Panida Poonsin, Pattiya Lohavicharn, Panitnan Punyathi, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Tanit Kasantikul, Somporn Techangamsuwan

Summary: This study provides insights into the pathology of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs, revealing severe damage to the lungs and involvement of multiple organs. The findings suggest the potential utility of dogs as a model for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, highlighting the need for further investigation.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Diversity and genetic characterization of orthohantavirus from small mammals and humans during 2012-2022 in Hubei Province, Central China

Jin-tao Chen, Jian-bo Zhan, Ming-chao Zhu, Kai-ji Li, Man-qing Liu, Bin Hu, Kun Cai, Hai-rong Xiong, Shu-liang Chen, Wei-long Tan, Liang-jun Chen, Wei Hou

Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and variation of orthohantavirus in rodents and humans in Hubei province, China. It identified the diversity of orthohantaviruses circulating in the region, with the HV004-like subtype being the main genotype in rodents and patients. This highlights the importance of continued attention and research on orthohantaviruses, especially newly identified strains.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Review Parasitology

Looking through the lens of social science approaches: A scoping review of leishmaniases and Chagas disease research

Raissa Nogueira de Brito, Susan Tanner, Julie Velasquez Runk, Juliana Hoyos

Summary: This study conducted a scoping review to identify major research themes and knowledge gaps in the social science literature on leishmaniases or Chagas disease. The findings showed that research in this field mainly focuses on the sociocultural, economic, historical, and political dimensions of the diseases. Future research should pay more attention to how social institutions and economic factors shape disease education, control measures, healthcare access, and quality of life of affected individuals.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

West Nile virus in Mexico: Why vectors matter for explaining the current absence of epidemics

Fabian Correa-Morales, Cassandra Gonzalez-Acosta, David Ibarra-Ojeda, Miguel Moreno-Garcia

Summary: Since 2002, West Nile Virus (WNV) has been reported in 18 states in Mexico. This paper discusses the proposed hypotheses for the absence of WNV outbreaks in Latin America and provides a context-specific explanation for Mexico.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

The APOBEC3G gene rs2294367(C>G) variant is associated with HIV-1 infection in Moroccan subjects

Imane Belbacha, Meryem El Azzouzi, Rajae Bensghir, Kamal Filali Marhoum, Khadija Hajjout, El Mir Elharti, Khalid Sadki, Hicham Oumzil

Summary: This study investigates the association of three SNPs in the APOBEC3G gene with disease outcomes in Moroccan HIV-1 infected patients. The rs2294367 CG genotype is strongly associated with protection against HIV-1 infection, particularly in older individuals.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

The effect of El Nino and La Nina episodes on the existing niche and potential distribution of vector and host species of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Julian Avila-Jimenez, Juan David Gutierrez, Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra

Summary: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted to humans by sandfly vectors and vertebrate hosts. This study used ecological niche modeling to investigate the potential distribution of host and vector species associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission, revealing different distribution patterns under varying climatic conditions.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Biomarker of Anopheles exposure in Ghanaian children with hemoglobin S and C

Berlin Londono-Renteria, Zakaria Seidu, Helena Lamptey, Michael F. Ofori, Lars Hviid, Mary Lopez-Perez

Summary: Heterozygous carriers of HbAS and HbAC have a reduced risk of severe malaria, but not immunity against Plasmodium falciparum infection. Antibody levels against gSG6-P1 peptide in Anopheles mosquito saliva can serve as a serological biomarker for exposure to Plasmodium infection. This study highlights the importance of studying the role of hemoglobinopathies in malaria transmission for improving control interventions.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

High detection frequency and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) in Namibian backyard farms and warthogs

Umberto Molini, Lauren M. Coetzee, Vernon Christians, Maria Y. Hemberger, Bernard Chiwome, Maria Amukwaya, Siegfried Khaiseb, Giovanni Cattoli, William G. Dundon, Giovanni Franzo

Summary: Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been reported globally since its first identification in 2015. Limited data on PCV-3 in Africa led to a study in Namibia, which found a high prevalence of PCV-3 in backyard piggeries, but not in commercial farms with higher biosecurity measures. The source of viral introduction and factors such as semen importation, feeding backyard pigs with human food waste, pig exchanges, and wildlife movements may be involved in the dispersal of PCV-3 within Namibia. Further studies are needed to understand the epidemiology and impact of PCV-3 on pig productivity and wildlife health.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Molecular survey of hemoplasmas in asymptomatic vicunas (Vicugna vicugna) from the Pampa Galeras Barbara D'Achille National Reserve in Peru

Luis A. Gomez-Puerta, Juan Olazabal, Santiago Paredes, Juan Lopez, Miguel Anampa, Angelica Mondragon, Ana Vargas-Calla, Hugo Castillo

Summary: This study reports the first detection of Candidatus M. haemolamae infection in vicunas from the Pampa Galeras National Reserve in Peru, using molecular diagnosis. Tick-infested vicunas had a higher likelihood of being infected with Candidatus M. haemolamae compared to tick-free vicunas. Gender and age were not associated with infection.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Spatial analysis of human and livestock anthrax in Lai Chau province, Vietnam (2004-2021)

Tan Luong, Do Kien Tran, Anh Hung Pham, Thi Thu-Ha Hoang, Van Khang Pham, Quang Thai Pham, Thi Mai Hung Tran, Minh Hoa Luong, Thanh Long Pham, Jason K. Blackburn

Summary: This study examined the epidemiology of anthrax in Lai Chau province, Vietnam, using historical data. Spatial clusters of human and livestock anthrax were identified, and the characteristics of the disease were described. The study found that there were distinct differences between the high-risk areas for human and livestock anthrax, and most human cases occurred during specific seasons. Additionally, the decrease in livestock anthrax vaccine coverage was associated with an increase in disease incidence.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Epidemiological profile and genetic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in women in a poor region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Gabriela Martinez Moura Tavares, Hannar Angelica de Melo Alverga, Estela Moraes Felix, Giovana de Oliveira Dichman, Gabriel Monteiro Pinheiro, Yara Juliano, Priscila Paruci, Dennis Minoru Fujita, Lucas Melo Neves, Marina Tiemi Shio, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali

Summary: This study investigated the frequency of N. gonorrhoeae infection in women in a poor area of São Paulo and found that most of the strains detected showed resistance to one or more antimicrobials.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Article Parasitology

Prevalence of zoonotic (brugian) filariasis in Asia: A proportional meta-analysis

Cho Naing, Maxine A. Whittaker, Wong Siew Tung, Htar Aung, Joon Wah Mak

Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of zoonotic brugian filariasis in animals and compare it with the prevalence in humans in the same area. The findings suggest that cats, dogs, and leaf-eating monkeys may serve as potential reservoirs for human brugian filariasis.

ACTA TROPICA (2024)

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Letter Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

An atypical tale of Loffler syndrome in the tropics

Dipankar Pal

TROPICAL DOCTOR (2023)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effect of intake of probiotics and probiotic fermented foods on clinical outcomes among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Oluwafemi Temitayo Oyadiran, Samuel Busayo Ogunlade, Temitayo Rebecca Okusanya, Elile Monisola Okoka, Moshood Abiodun Kuyebi, Moshood Olanrewaju Omotayo, Ajibola Ibraheem Abioye

Summary: This study reviewed the effect of probiotic supplementation on CD4 lymphocyte count, viral load, anemia, and body mass index among people living with HIV. The results showed that probiotic supplementation had a modest improvement on CD4 lymphocyte count, with a greater impact on individuals who were not on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, there was no significant change in viral load and hemoglobin concentration following probiotic supplementation.

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Can incorporating genotyping data into efficacy estimators improve efficiency of early phase malaria vaccine trials?

Gail E. Potter, Viviane Callier, Biraj Shrestha, Sudhaunshu Joshi, Ankit Dwivedi, Joana C. Silva, Matthew B. Laurens, Dean A. Follmann, Gregory A. Deye

Summary: This study investigated two alternative vaccine efficacy endpoints, VEmolFOI and VEC, incorporating genotyping information, and found that genotyping information can enhance the statistical power of vaccine efficacy evaluation.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Review Tropical Medicine

Vaccine inequity: a threat to Africa's recovery from COVID-19

Calvin R. Wei, Samuel Kamande, Godwin C. Lang'at

Summary: Vaccine inequity is a reality in Sub-Saharan Africa due to vaccine nationalism from high-income countries, leading to limited access to the vaccines needed to end the pandemic. Despite the implementation of the COVAX facility to support lower- and middle-income countries, barriers to accessing vaccines, including capacity challenges, still persist.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HEALTH (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Anopheles gambiae s.s. resistance to pyrethroids and DDT in semi-urban and rural areas of the Moyen-Ogooue Province, Gabon

Stravensky Terence Boussougou-Sambe, Barclaye Ngossanga, Ange Gatien Doumba-Ndalembouly, Lynda Nouage Boussougou, Tamirat Gebru Woldearegai, Fabrice Mougeni, Thierry Ndong Mba, Jean Ronald Edoa, Jean Claude Dejon-Agobe, Parfait Awono-Ambene, Peter G. Kremsner, Hilaire M. Kenguele, Steffen Borrmann, Benjamin Mordmueller, Ayola Akim Adegnika

Summary: This study provides evidence of widespread resistance to pyrethroids in An. gambiae s.s., the main malaria vector in the Moyen-Ogooue Province. Further investigation of the mechanisms underlining the resistance of An. gambiae s.s. to pyrethroids is needed to implement appropriate insecticide resistance management strategies.

MALARIA JOURNAL (2023)

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Article Parasitology

Performance evaluation of protocols for Taenia saginata and Ascaris suum egg recovery from the house fly's gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton

Sophie De Bock, Luc Duchateau, Bruno Levecke, Sarah Gabriel

Summary: Effective and easy-to-use protocols for the recovery of Taenia saginata and Ascaris suum eggs from the gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton of the synanthropic house fly, Musca domestica, were developed and validated. These protocols can help in investigating the role of flies as potential transmitters of parasite eggs in laboratory and field settings.

PARASITES & VECTORS (2023)

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