Respiratory System

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Article Oncology

Efficacy of Aumolertinib (HS-10296) in Patients With Advanced EGFR T790M thorn NSCLC: Updated Post-National Medical Products Administration Approval Results From the APOLLO Registrational Trial

Shun Lu, Qiming Wang, Guojun Zhang, Xiaorong Dong, Cheng-Ta Yang, Yong Song, Gee-Chen Chang, You Lu, Hongming Pan, Chao-Hua Chiu, Zhehai Wang, Jifeng Feng, Jianying Zhou, Xingxiang Xu, Renhua Guo, Jianhua Chen, Haihua Yang, Yuan Chen, Zhuang Yu, Her-Shyong Shiah, Chin-Chou Wang, Nong Yang, Jian Fang, Ping Wang, Kai Wang, Yanping Hu, Jianxing He, Ziping Wang, Jianhua Shi, Shaoshui Chen, Qiong Wu, Changan Sun, Chuan Li, Hongying Wei, Ying Cheng, Wu-Chou Su, Te-Chun Hsia, Jiuwei Cui, Yuping Sun, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Viola W. Zhu, James Chih-Hsin Yang

Summary: Aumolertinib is an effective and well-tolerated third-generation EGFR TKI for patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced NSCLC. The study demonstrates high objective response rate and disease control rate, indicating its ability to effectively inhibit tumor progression. It also shows promising results in the treatment of central nervous system metastases. Additionally, Aumolertinib has relatively low side effects, making it a safe and reliable treatment option.

JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

Outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Long COVID Improves Exercise Capacity, Functional Status, Dyspnea, Fatigue, and Quality of Life

Stephan Nopp, Florian Moik, Frederikus A. Klok, Dietlinde Gattinger, Milos Petrovic, Karin Vonbank, Andreas R. Koczulla, Cihan Ay, Ralf Harun Zwick

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on COVID-19 patients. The results showed that personalized interdisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation improved exercise capacity, functional status, dyspnea, fatigue, and quality of life in patients with long COVID.

RESPIRATION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Twelfth Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support Report: Readmissions After Left Ventricular Assist Device

Palak Shah, Melana Yuzefpolskaya, Gavin W. Hickey, Khadijah Breathett, Omar Wever-Pinzon, Van-Khue Ton, William Hiesinger, Devin Koehl, James K. Kirklin, Ryan S. Cantor, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Robert H. Habib, Francis D. Pagani, Daniel J. Goldstein

Summary: The twelfth annual report from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (Intermacs) provides an overview of outcomes for LVAD patients over the past decade, highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on LVAD implant volumes and improvements in survival rates and patient adverse events. The report also emphasizes the importance of reducing readmissions after LVAD implantation in improving patient outcomes.

ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

Physical, cognitive and mental health outcomes in 1-year survivors of COVID-19-associated ARDS

Nicola Latronico, Elena Peli, Stefano Calza, Federica Rodella, Maria Paola Novelli, Andrea Cella, John Marshall, Dale M. Needham, Frank Antony Rasulo, Simone Piva

Summary: This study reported on the outcomes of 114 COVID-19-associated ARDS survivors evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge from the ICU, showing persisting impairment in physical function, while activities of daily living, cognitive and mental health status, and health-related quality of life may be less impaired. The study found improvements in handgrip dynamometry and cognitive impairment over time, but 6 min walk test, severe fatigue, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms did not show significant improvements.

THORAX (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Baricitinib versus dexamethasone for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 (ACTT-4): a randomised, double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial

Cameron R. Wolfe, Kay M. Tomashek, Thomas F. Patterson, Carlos A. Gomez, Vincent C. Marconi, Mamta K. Jain, Otto O. Yang, Catharine Paules, Guillermo M. Ruiz Palacios, Robert Grossberg, Michelle S. Harkins, Richard A. Mularski, Nathaniel Erdmann, Uriel Sandkovsky, Eyad Almasri, Justino Regalado Pineda, Alexandra W. Dretler, Diego Lopez de Castilla, Angela R. Branche, Pauline K. Park, Aneesh K. Mehta, William R. Short, Susan L. F. McLellan, Susan Kline, Nicole M. Iovine, Hana M. El Sahly, Sarah B. Doernberg, Myoung-don Oh, Nikhil Huprikar, Elizabeth Hohmann, Colleen F. Kelley, Mark Holodniy, Eu Suk Kim, Daniel A. Sweeney, Robert W. Finberg, Kevin A. Grimes, Ryan C. Maves, Emily R. Ko, John J. Engemann, Barbara S. Taylor, Philip O. Ponce, LuAnn Larson, Dante Paolo Melendez, Allan M. Seibert, Nadine G. Rouphael, Joslyn Strebe, Jesse L. Clark, Kathleen G. Julian, Alfredo Ponce de Leon, Anabela Cardoso, Stephanie de Bono, Robert L. Atmar, Anuradha Ganesan, Jennifer L. Ferreira, Michelle Green, Mat Makowski, Tyler Bonnett, Tatiana Beresnev, Varduhi Ghazaryan, Walla Dempsey, Seema U. Nayak, Lori E. Dodd, John H. Beigel, Andre C. Kalil

Summary: In hospitalized patients with COVID-19 requiring supplemental oxygen by low-flow, high-flow, or non-invasive ventilation, baricitinib plus remdesivir and dexamethasone plus remdesivir resulted in similar mechanical ventilation-free survival by day 29, but dexamethasone was associated with significantly more adverse events, treatment-related adverse events, and severe or life-threatening adverse events.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the contributions of gene-environment interactions across the lifespan

Alva Agusti, Erik Melen, Dawn L. DeMeo, Robab Breyer-Kohansal, Rosa Faner

Summary: Recent research findings challenge the traditional view of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as solely caused by smoking in genetically susceptible individuals. Instead, COPD is now understood as the potential end result of gene-environment interactions accumulated over an individual's lifetime. Future research should aim to understand the dynamic interactions between genes and the environment by integrating information from basic and clinical omics with exposures over time. Additionally, COPD should be viewed as a clinical syndrome rather than a single disease.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Advancing precision medicine for acute respiratory distress syndrome

Jeremy R. Beitler, B. Taylor Thompson, Rebecca M. Baron, Julie A. Bastarache, Loren C. Denlinger, Laura Esserman, Michelle N. Gong, Lisa M. LaVange, Roger J. Lewis, John C. Marshall, Thomas R. Martin, Daniel F. McAuley, Nuala J. Meyer, Marc Moss, Lora A. Reineck, Eileen Rubin, Eric P. Schmidt, Theodore J. Standiford, Lorraine B. Ware, Hector R. Wong, Neil R. Aggarwal, Carolyn S. Calfee

Summary: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome. Precision medicine approach seeks to better match therapies to subgroups of patients in order to account for heterogeneity in ARDS.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Oral corticosteroid elimination via a personalised reduction algorithm in adults with severe, eosinophilic asthma treated with benralizumab (PONENTE): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm study

Andrew Menzies-Gow, Mark Gurnell, Liam G. Heaney, Jonathan Corren, Elisabeth H. Bel, Jorge Maspero, Timothy Harrison, David J. Jackson, David Price, Njira Lugogo, James Kreindler, Annie Burden, Alex De Giorgio-Miller, Kelly Padilla, Ubaldo J. Martin, Esther Garcia Gil

Summary: This study evaluated the impact of reducing oral corticosteroids after initiating benralizumab treatment on patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. The study found that with a personalized dosage reduction algorithm, most patients were able to successfully reduce or eliminate the use of oral corticosteroids, and the treatment was safe.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

European Respiratory Society statement on long COVID follow-up

Katerina M. Antoniou, Eirini Vasarmidi, Anne-Marie Russell, Claire Andrejak, Bruno Crestani, Marion Delcroix, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan, Venerino Poletti, Nicola Sverzellati, Michele Vitacca, Martin Witzenrath, Thomy Tonia, Antonio Spanevello

Summary: This study summarizes the characteristics and impacts of follow-up care for long COVID patients in the 1-6 month period and finds limited evidence.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

David Montani, Laurent Savale, Nicolas Noel, Olivier Meyrignac, Romain Colle, Matthieu Gasnier, Emmanuelle Corruble, Antoine Beurnier, Etienne-Marie Jutant, Tai Pham, Anne-Lise Lecoq, Jean-Francois Papon, Samy Figueiredo, Anatole Harrois, Marc Humbert, Xavier Monnet

Summary: Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, characterized by respiratory complications and organ-related injuries, is a common complication in discharged patients. It requires a multidisciplinary team approach for management and consumes significant healthcare resources.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

International Consensus Document on Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Olga Mediano, Nicolas Gonzalez Mangado, Josep M. Montserrat, M. Luz Alonso-Alvarez, Isaac Almendros, Alberto Alonso-Fernandez, Ferran Barbe, Eduardo Borsini, Candelaria Caballero-Eraso, Irene Cano-Pumarega, Felix de Carlos Villafranca, Carmen Carmona-Bernal, Jose Luis Carrillo Alduenda, Eusebi Chiner, Jose Aurelio Cordero Guevara, Luis de Manuel, Joaquin Duran-Cantolla, Ramon Farre, Carlos Franceschini, Carles Gaig, Pedro Garcia Ramos, Francisco Garcia-Rio, Onintza Garmendia, Teresa Gomez Garcia, Silvia Gonzalez Pondal, M. Blanca Hoyo Rodrigo, Albert Lecube, Juan Antonio Madrid, Lourdes Maniegas Lozano, Jose Luis Martinez Carrasco, Juan Fernando Masa, Maria Jose Masdeu Margalef, Merce Mayos Perez, Enrique Mirabet Lis, Carmen Monasterio, Nieves Navarro Soriano, Erika Olea de la Fuente, Guillermo Plaza, Francisco Javier Puertas Cuesta, Claudio Rabec, Pilar Resano, David Rigau, Alejandra Roncero, Concepcion Ruiz, Neus Salord, Adriana Saltijeral, Gabriel Sampol Rubio, M. Angeles Sanchez Quiroga, Oscar Sans Capdevila, Carlos Teixeira, Francisco Tinahones Madueno, Sonia Maria Togeiro, Maria Fernanda Troncoso Acevedo, Leslie Katherine Vargas Ramirez, Joao Winck, Nerea Zabala Urionaguena, Carlos Egea

Summary: The aim of this international consensus document is to provide guidelines for healthcare professionals in the care of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea based on a critical analysis of the latest literature. The document was developed by an expert working group consisting of scientific societies, specialists, and a methodology expert, and includes systematic literature searches for each section. The document does not cover pediatric patients or the management of patients receiving chronic non-invasive mechanical ventilation.

ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGIA (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) co-administered with seasonal influenza vaccines: an exploratory substudy of a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Seth Toback, Eva Galiza, Catherine Cosgrove, James Galloway, Anna L. Goodman, Pauline A. Swift, Sankarasubramanian Rajaram, Alison Graves-Jones, Jonathan Edelman, Fiona Burns, Angela M. Minassian, Iksung Cho, Lakshmi Kumar, Joyce S. Plested, E. Joy Rivers, Andreana Robertson, Filip Dubovsky, Greg Glenn, Paul T. Heath

Summary: This study reports the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy profile of COVID-19 vaccines when administered concomitantly with seasonal influenza vaccines. The results suggest that simultaneous vaccination might be a viable immunization strategy.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Oncology

Phase 2 Study of Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in Patients With BRAF V600E-Mutant Metastatic NSCLC

David Planchard, Benjamin Besse, Harry J. M. Groen, Sayed M. S. Hashemi, Julien Mazieres, Tae Min Kim, Elisabeth Quoix, Pierre-Jean Souquet, Fabrice Barlesi, Christina Baik, Liza C. Villaruz, Ronan J. Kelly, Shirong Zhang, Monique Tan, Eduard Gasal, Libero Santarpia, Bruce E. Johnson

Summary: The combination therapy of dabrafenib plus trametinib showed significant and durable clinical benefits in patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, regardless of previous treatment, with a manageable safety profile. The study also found that the presence of coexisting genomic alterations may influence clinical outcomes and further investigation is needed.

JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

The intersecting pandemics of tuberculosis and COVID-19: population-level and patient-level impact, clinical presentation, and corrective interventions

Keertan Dheda, Tahlia Perumal, Harry Moultrie, Rubeshan Perumal, Aliasgar Esmail, Alex J. Scott, Zarir Udwadia, Kwok Chiu Chang, Jonathan Peter, Anil Pooran, Arne von Delft, Dalene von Delft, Neil Martinson, Marian Loveday, Salome Charalambous, Elizabeth Kachingwe, Waasila Jassat, Cheryl Cohen, Stefano Tempia, Kevin Fennelly, Madhukar Pai

Summary: The global burden of tuberculosis remains high, but the COVID-19 pandemic has had a detrimental effect on tuberculosis control. This article explores the intersection between tuberculosis and COVID-19, discusses the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis detection, morbidity, and mortality at both population and patient levels, proposes strategies to mitigate the effects of COVID-19, and highlights research priorities and challenges in restoring the global response to tuberculosis.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Respiratory System

The effect of tezepelumab on airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol in asthma (UPSTREAM)

Asger Sverrild, Susanne Hansen, Morten Hvidtfeldt, Carl-Magnus Clausson, Olga Cozzolino, Samuel Cerps, Lena Uller, Vibeke Backer, Jonas Erjefalt, Celeste Porsbjerg

Summary: This study demonstrates that tezepelumab can decrease airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in patients with symptomatic asthma on maintenance treatment with inhaled corticosteroids.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Criteria and definitions for the radiological and clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis in adults for use in clinical trials: international consensus recommendations

Stefano Aliberti, Pieter C. Goeminne, Anne E. O'Donnell, Timothy R. Aksamit, Hamdan Al-Jahdali, Alan F. Barker, Francesco Blasi, Wim G. Boersma, Megan L. Crichton, Anthony De Soyza, Katerina E. Dimakou, Stuart J. Elborn, Charles Feldman, Harm Tiddens, Charles S. Haworth, Adam T. Hill, Michael R. Loebinger, Miguel Angel Martinez-Garcia, Jennifer J. Meerburg, Rosario Menendez, Lucy C. Morgan, Marlene S. Murris, Eva Polverino, Felix C. Ringshausen, Michal Shteinberg, Nicola Sverzellati, Gregory Tino, Antoni Torres, Thomas Vandendriessche, Montserrat Vendrell, Tobias Welte, Robert Wilson, Conroy A. Wong, James D. Chalmers

Summary: Bronchiectasis is a complex disease with multiple causes and diverse manifestations. Lack of standardized definitions has hindered clinical trials and poses challenges in clinical practice. In order to address these issues and improve patient recruitment and treatment comparisons, an international taskforce developed recommendations and definitions for clinically significant bronchiectasis. These proposals cover the radiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis and suggest guidelines for the use of chest CT scans in clinical trials. The taskforce also provided consensus statements on the definitions of clinical bronchiectasis, specific signs and symptoms, chronic bacterial infection, and sustained culture conversion. These recommendations aim to optimize the diagnosis and management of bronchiectasis and provide a foundation for future research.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Rivaroxaban vs Dalteparin in Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism A Randomized Trial

Benjamin Planquette, Laurent Bertoletti, Anais Charles-Nelson, Silvy Laporte, Claire Grange, Isabelle Mahe, Gilles Pernod, Antoine Elias, Francis Couturaud, Nicolas Falvo, Marie Antoinette Sevestre, Valerie Ray, Alexis Burnod, Nicolas Brebion, Pierre-Marie Roy, Miruna Timar-David, Sandro Aquilanti, Joel Constans, Alessandra Bura-Riviere, Dominique Brisot, Gilles Chatellier, Olivier Sanchez, Guy Meyer, Philippe Girard, Patrick Mismetti

Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban and dalteparin in the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. The results showed that the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban and dalteparin were consistent with those previously reported with DOACs.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Bevacizumab plus erlotinib versus erlotinib alone in Japanese patients with advanced, metastatic, EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NEJ026): overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial

Yosuke Kawashima, Tatsuro Fukuhara, Haruhiro Saito, Naoki Furuya, Kana Watanabe, Shunichi Sugawara, Shunichiro Iwasawa, Yoshio Tsunezuka, Ou Yamaguchi, Morihito Okada, Kozo Yoshimori, Ichiro Nakachi, Masahiro Seike, Koichi Azuma, Futoshi Kurimoto, Yukari Tsubata, Yuka Fujita, Hiromi Nagashima, Gyo Asai, Satoshi Watanabe, Masaki Miyazaki, Koichi Hagiwara, Toshihiro Nukiwa, Satoshi Morita, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Makoto Maemondo

Summary: The combination treatment of bevacizumab and erlotinib did not prolong overall survival in patients with metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC, but both treatment groups showed relatively long survival durations.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Effects of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Therapy on CFTR Function in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and One or Two F508del Alleles

Simon Y. Graeber, Constanze Vitzthum, Sophia T. Pallenberg, Lutz Naehrlich, Mirjam Stahl, Alexander Rohrbach, Marika Drescher, Rebecca Minso, Felix C. Ringshausen, Claudia Rueckes-Nilges, Jan Klajda, Julian Berges, Yin Yu, Heike Scheuermann, Stephanie Hirtz, Olaf Sommerburg, Anna-Maria Dittrich, Burkhard Tuemmler, Marcus A. Mall

Summary: Treatment with ELX/TEZ/IVA leads to effective improvement of CFTR function in airway and intestinal epithelia in patients with CF and one or two F508del alleles.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Validation and utility of ARDS subphenotypes identified by machine-learning models using clinical data: an observational, multicohort, retrospective analysis

Manoj Maddali, Matthew Churpek, Tai Pham, Emanuele Rezoagli, Hanjing Zhuo, Wendi Zhao, June He, Kevin L. Delucchi, Chunxue Wang, Nancy Wickersham, J. Brennan McNeil, Alejandra Jauregui, Serena Ke, Kathryn Vessel, Antonio Gomez, Carolyn M. Hendrickson, Kirsten N. Kangelaris, Aartik Sarma, Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Kathleen D. Liu, Michael A. Matthay, Lorraine B. Ware, John G. Laffey, Giacomo Bellani, Carolyn S. Calfee, Pratik Sinha

Summary: Clinical classifier models based on machine learning can accurately assign ARDS subphenotypes, providing valuable prognostic information for patients and potentially guiding personalized treatment strategies in clinical practice.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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