Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Meihan Guo, Candela Diaz-Canestro, Ming-Yen Ng, Kai Hang Yiu, David Montero
Summary: This study compared the cardiorespiratory system between Hans Chinese and European-American individuals. It found that regardless of gender, Hans Chinese had higher body fat and lower lean body mass percentage than European-Americans. Additionally, in females, peak oxygen uptake and arteriovenous O2 difference were significantly reduced in Hans Chinese compared to European-Americans during high exercise intensity.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Tao Wang, Ying-En Ge, Yongjie Wang, Wenqiang Chen
Summary: This paper introduces a method to simulate the propagation patterns of conflict risk on freeways, which can help prevent traffic accidents and improve the deployment of advanced vehicle technologies. By introducing a conflict risk index and a spatio-temporal transformer network, it is possible to effectively simulate the propagation patterns of conflict risk. Experimental results show that the model based on proportion of stopping distance exhibits robust performance, while the model based on deceleration rate more distinctly delineates spatio-temporal conflict risk heterogeneity.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caitlin S. Sayegh, Ellen Iverson, Karen K. Macdonell, Shinyi Wu, Marvin Belzer
Summary: This study applied a Supportive Accountability Model to examine youth's perception of remote human coaching and automated reminders for medication adherence. The findings indicated that both coaching and automated reminders were effective in improving adherence, with coaching being viewed as more potent and engaging. Phone calls enhanced the sense of supportive accountability, but texts were more convenient and flexible. Individual preferences varied.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer Necci Dineen, Mitchell Doucette, Mekaila Carey, Kerri M. Raissian
Summary: This paper aims to understand the facilitators and barriers perceived by general practice physicians in initiating anticipatory guidance around firearm safety. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 GPs to explore their perspectives. Barriers to providing secure firearm storage counseling include inadequate screening mechanisms, limited understanding of who is at risk for firearm injury, time pressures, concerns about patient receptivity, and a need for training. Structural issues need to be addressed before focusing on how to have conversations about firearm safety.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Ziqian Zhang, Haojie Li, Gang Ren
Summary: This study introduces a novel encoder-decoder framework that utilizes multi-source data to predict the severity of jaywalking violations. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms classical models and the incorporation of background information significantly enhances the model's performance.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Zihang Wei, Subasish Das, Yue Wu, Zihao Li, Yunlong Zhang
Summary: In traditional roadway crash studies, cross-sectional modeling methods have limitations when dealing with highly time-varying variables related to weather conditions and speed variation. This study employs the distributed lag model (DLM) and the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to investigate the lagged impacts of weather and speed variation factors on segment crash risk. The results demonstrate coherent and interpretable lagged impact patterns, emphasizing the need for considering time-series effects in future crash modeling research.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Noora Jawad, Faisal F. Hakeem, Wael Sabbah
Summary: This study aims to examine socioeconomic and ethnic variations in the provision of health advice by dental professionals. The findings indicate the prominent roles of education level, ethnicity, and smoking status in the provision of health advice. The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to promote equity and cultural competence in delivering health advice in dental settings.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ellen Van de Velde, Ann Van Hecke, Kristof Eeckloo, Simon Malfait
Summary: This study investigates the suitability of experience-based co-design as a method for designing bedside handover in mental health care, and finds that it is a suitable method for enhancing patient involvement in nursing handovers in a general hospital's mental healthcare unit.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aisha T. Langford, Kerli Orellana, Nancy Buderer, Katerina Andreadis, Stephen K. Williams
Summary: This study examined the associations between digital health, sociodemographic factors, and medical conditions on patient-centered communication (PCC). The results suggested that age, education level, household income, and history of hypertension were related to the quality of PCC.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Narelle Haworth
Summary: Close passes by motor vehicles pose threats to the safety and comfort of bicycle riders. Governments in many countries have implemented laws to ensure a minimum distance between vehicles and cyclists during overtaking. This paper discusses the evaluation of a two-year trial in Queensland, Australia, which aimed to understand the circumstances and reasons behind close passes. The study used video observations and experimental studies to gather data and analyze crash causation.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah V. Hantzmon, Clemontina A. Davenport, Maya N. Das Gupta, Temi A. Adekunle, Sarah E. Gaither, Maren K. Olsen, Sandro O. Pinheiro, Kimberly S. Johnson, Hannah Mahoney, Allison Falls, Lauren Lloyd, Kathryn I. Pollak
Summary: This study examined the impact of racial differences on patient trust and distrust in physician-patient interactions through audio-recorded cardiologist-patient encounters. The results showed that Black patients had lower expressions of trust and a higher level of guardedness compared to White patients. It suggests that White clinicians can improve communication with Black patients to increase expressions of trust.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bingyi Yang, Yun Lin, Weijia Xiong, Chang Liu, Huizhi Gao, Faith Ho, Jiayi Zhou, Ru Zhang, Jessica Y. Wong, Justin K. Cheung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Tim K. Tsang, Jingyi Xiao, Irene O. L. Wong, Mario Martin-Sanchez, Gabriel M. Leung, Benjamin J. Cowling, Peng Wu
Summary: Strict non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions in Hong Kong were effective in reducing transmission risks and interrupting local spread of COVID-19. However, the spread of the Omicron BA.2 variant could not be contained despite stringent measures. Increasing coverage of pharmaceutical interventions among high-risk groups reduced infection-related mortality and mitigated the adverse health impact of the pandemic.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bethan Benwell, Maria Erofeeva, Catrin S. Rhys
Summary: This study examined how language choices made by call handlers affect the progress of complaint calls and the stance of the callers. The findings showed that displaying affiliation at relevant moments in the conversation helps advance the call and de-escalate the complaint, while the absence or misplacement of affiliation may lead to escalation. Early intervention in establishing affiliation with the caller's concerns and reasoning is crucial for de-escalation.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tsheten Tsheten, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Angela Cadavid Restrepo, Matthew Kelly, Colleen Lau, Archie C. A. Clements, Darren J. Gray, Chona Daga, Vanessa Joy Mapalo, Fe Esperanza Espino, Kinley Wangdi
Summary: The study in the Philippines identified sociodemographic and environmental factors driving soil-transmitted helminth (STH) transmission, predicting high-risk areas in the country. Higher prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura was found in Visayas Island, while hookworm prevalence was highest in Mindanao Island. Male gender, temperature, and rainfall were associated with increased STH risk, while normalized difference vegetation index and soil pH were negatively correlated with transmission. The identified high-risk areas can be targeted for deworming and health education activities to reduce the burden of STH infections.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Petya Ventsislavova, Thom Baguley, Josceline Antonio, Daniel Byrne
Summary: The use of e-scooters is increasing rapidly, but it comes with potential dangers such as collisions and illegal riding behavior. Research shows that e-scooter riders tend to be younger and more prone to engage in illegal riding behavior compared to non-users. Knowledge of current regulations related to e-scooters is limited, especially in areas like parking, speeding, and designated infrastructure. Targeted interventions and educational campaigns are necessary to improve riders' understanding of regulations and promote safer riding practices.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Ryan Miller, Timothy Brown, Rose Schmitt, Gary Gaffney, Gary Milavetz
Summary: This study investigated the changes in driving performance following cannabis use, and found that self-reported readiness to drive and previous cannabis use experience can predict some of these changes. However, readiness to drive does not fully explain the observed degradation in performance.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Article
Ergonomics
Qian Liu, Xuesong Wang, Shikun Liu, Chunjun Yu, Yi Glaser
Summary: Intersections are high-risk locations for autonomous vehicles (AVs). Analyzing the pre-crash scenarios and contributing factors of AV crashes at intersections using the association rule method revealed that rear-end and lane change crashes were the most frequently occurring scenarios for AVs. The main contributing factors of these scenarios were identified, such as the location outside the intersection, traffic signal control, autonomous engaged mode, mixed-use or public land, and weekdays. Inadequate stop and deceleration decisions by the AV's automated driving system (ADS) and insufficient collision avoidance decisions in lane change crashes were important causes of these AV crashes.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2024)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Vasilis Vasiliou
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & HEALTH
(2024)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katherine Miles, Bernadette O'Neill, Shuangyu Li
Summary: This study conducted a meta-ethnography to identify and synthesize guidance for optimizing feedback interactions in undergraduate clinical communication simulations. The findings led to the development of a new Feedback Kidney Model, which can guide medical education and future research on feedback in promoting learning. Incorporating meta-cognitive training and utilizing the model can help improve students' learning and communication with patients through on-site face-to-face feedback.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danielle Huisman, Taylor Burrows, Louise Sweeney, Kirsty Bannister, Rona Moss-Morris
Summary: This study found limited information on symptoms during remission of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on readily searchable patient websites, which fails to adequately explain the persistence of symptoms during remission for patients.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2024)
