Pathology

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Gonadotroph Pituitary Tumors According to the WHO Classification

Francesca Carbonara, Tiziana Feola, Francesca Gianno, Michela Anna Polidoro, Rosa Maria Di Crescenzo, Antonietta Arcella, Michelangelo De Angelis, Roberta Morace, Dario de Alcubierre, Vincenzo Esposito, Felice Giangaspero, Marie-Lise Jaffrain-Rea

Summary: The study concludes that hormone-negative gonadotroph tumors tend to occur in older patients and do not significantly differ from other gonadotroph tumors in terms of invasion or proliferation. It also highlights the current limitations of D2R immunostaining in such tumors.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

PD-L1 expression in fine-needle aspiration cell blocks of head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma and its cytohistological concordance

Sandy Si Kei Lou, Heather Ruff, Scott MacDonald, Stephen M. Smith, Carol C. Cheung

Summary: This study showed a fair cytohistologic correlation in HNSCC specimens using the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay, with high positive predictive value (PPV) but low negative predictive value (NPV). Determining PD-L1 status in FNA specimens may play a significant role in the clinical management of HNSCC patients.

DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Wilms Tumor With Raised Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein: Highlighting the Need for Novel Circulating Biomarkers

Rebecca Green, Adeeb Ahmed, Ben Fleming, Anna-May Long, Sam Behjati, Jamie Trotman, Patrick Tarpey, James C. Nicholson, Nicholas Coleman, C. Elizabeth Hook, Matthew J. Murray

Summary: Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common renal cancer in children. This case report highlights the lack of correlation between tumor response and serum AFP levels, emphasizing the clinical need to identify WT-specific circulating tumor markers.

PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Oncology

FISH analysis reveals CDKN2A and IFNA14 co-deletion is heterogeneous and is a prominent feature of glioblastoma

Sofian Al Shboul, Shelagh Boyle, Ashita Singh, Tareq Saleh, Moath Alrjoub, Ola Abu Al Karsaneh, Amel Mryyian, Rand Dawoud, Sinem Gul, Shaden Abu Baker, Kathryn Ball, Ted Hupp, Paul M. Brennan

Summary: Deletion of CDKN2A and IFNA14 genes on chromosome 9 in glioblastomas may occur simultaneously, and their co-deletion is negatively correlated with patient survival. The intact status of CDKN2A/IFNA14 is associated with longer survival and second surgery, indicating improved patient outcomes.

BRAIN TUMOR PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Oncology

Extracting structured information from unstructured histopathology reports using generative pre-trained transformer 4 (GPT-4)

Daniel Truhn, Chiara M. L. Loeffler, Gustav Mueller-Franzes, Sven Nebelung, Katherine J. Hewitt, Sebastian Brandner, Keno K. Bressem, Sebastian Foersch, Jakob Nikolas Kather

Summary: The study demonstrates that large language models, like GPT-4, can extract structured data from unstructured pathology reports with high concordance to human-generated structured data, potentially enabling routine extraction of ground truth data for machine learning.

JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Canine follicular cell and medullary thyroid carcinomas: Immunohistochemical characterization

Jana Jankovic, Eve Tieche, Martina Dettwiler, Kerstin Hahn, Stephanie Scheemaeker, Martin Kessler, Sylvie Daminet, Sven Rottenberg, Miguel Campos

Summary: Research on modulation of iodine uptake by thyroid cells could help improve radioiodine treatment of dogs with thyroid tumors. This study characterized the expression of various proteins in different types of thyroid carcinomas and found differences in the expression of thyroglobulin and vimentin between histological subtypes of follicular cell thyroid carcinomas. These findings have implications for diagnosis and treatment, as well as understanding tumor differentiation.

VETERINARY PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Spatial Localization of Eubacterial 16S rRNA in Early Pregnancy Placenta and Decidua

Cornelia Thoeni, Jefferson Terry

Summary: This study demonstrates the spatial localization of bacteria in human placental tissue, showing patterns consistent with both contaminants and intraparenchymal signals. The results suggest that placental microbiome studies may benefit from spatial strategies that can exclude surface contamination.

PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Molecular and histopathological characterization of seminoma patients with highly elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels in the serum

Christoph Seidel, Finn-Ole Paulsen, Tim Nestler, Richard Cathomas, Marcus Hentrich, Pia Paffenholz, Carsten Bokemeyer, Axel Heidenreich, Daniel Nettersheim, Felix Bremmer

Summary: In this study, tissue and gene analysis were conducted on patients with pure seminoma and elevated hCG levels, revealing the presence of syncytiotrophoblast sub-populations.

VIRCHOWS ARCHIV (2023)

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Article Dermatology

Spindle cell porocarcinoma with a novel YAP1::MAML3 fusion

Philippa Li, Klaus J. Busam

Summary: Porocarcinoma is a rare sweat gland cancer that poses diagnostic challenges. Molecular studies can support the diagnosis. This case report describes a spindle cell variant of porocarcinoma in a female patient, and identifies a novel gene fusion through RNA sequencing.

JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Diagnostic challenge in veterinary pathology: Detection of BRAFV595E mutation in a dog with follicular cystitis and flat urothelial lesion with atypia

James K. Chambers, Naohiro Takahashi, Shizuka Kato, Yuko Hashimoto, Yuko Goto-Koshino, Kazuyuki Uchida

VETERINARY PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Epidemiological study of the subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis listed in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan

Aina Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Yukio Ando, Hironobu Naiki

Summary: This study analyzed the latest subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis in autopsy cases in Japan, revealing that ATTR is the most predominant subtype among the current cases.

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2023)

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Article Microscopy

Punctate IgG staining particles localize in the budding ballooning clusters of reactive foot processes in minimal change disease

Ping L. Zhang, Vasudevan D. Mahalingam, Brandon D. Metcalf, Yazan A. Al-Othman, Wei Li, Hassan D. Kanaan, Guillermo A. Herrera

Summary: This study found that the punctate IgG staining observed in cases of minimal change disease (MCD) is located on the budding ballooning clusters (BBC) of reactive foot processes in Bowman's space. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of BBC in all MCD cases, while only a small number of cases in the control group showed BBC. Immunogold labeling confirmed the presence of IgG particles in BBC of MCD.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

The HLA-B58:01:43 allele identified in a Korean individual awaiting hematopoietic stem cell transplant

John Jeongseok Yang, Heung-Bum Oh

Summary: This sentence describes a synonymous nucleotide substitution in codon 197 that distinguishes HLA-B*58:01:43 from HLA-B*58:01:01:01.

HLA (2023)

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Article Dermatology

Myelodysplasia cutis masquerading as granulomatous dermatitis

Lauren G. Yi, Ricardo Guerra, Lindsay Irwin, Mary Margaret Noland, Amrit Singh, Sarah Gradecki, Alejandro A. Gru, R. Hal Flowers

Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic neoplasms caused by stem cell mutations, with a high risk of developing into acute myeloid leukemia. Cutaneous manifestations, such as myelodysplasia cutis or infiltration by MDS tumor cells, are rare but associated with an increased risk of high-grade myeloid tumors. Differential diagnosis for myelodysplasia cutis includes interstitial granulomatous dermatitis, which is associated with systemic diseases like rheumatologic diseases, and hematologic malignancy like MDS. This report presents a case of a patient with MDS presenting with myelodysplasia cutis that mimicked interstitial granulomatous dermatitis both clinically and histopathologically.

JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Histological and neuroimaging comparison of SMART syndrome versus focal neuronal gigantism

Ahmed Gilani, Bette K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters

Summary: This study compares the histological and neuroimaging features of focal neuronal gigantism (FNG) and SMART syndrome (stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy). The results show that FNG is characterized by cortical thickening, dyslamination, neuronal cyto-megaly, and gliosis, while SMART preserves normal cortical architecture and neuronal cytology. Both conditions show gliosis, cytoplasmic accumulation of tau and neurofibrillary protein in scattered neurons, but it is more pronounced in FNG. The study also found no significant inflammation or consistent small vessel hyalinization in both conditions.

CLINICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Isolated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the anterior petrous bone in a young child: Focusing on the intra-operative diagnosis and differentials

Ipsita Panda, Murali Krishna Bethanbhatla, Kirti Gupta, Pravin Salunke

Summary: This article presents a rare case of isolated involvement of the anterior portion of the petrous bone by embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient underwent successful excision surgery with the use of intra-operative frozen section playing a key role.

CLINICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Medicine, Legal

More on: 'the role of restraint in fatal excited delirium syndrome'

Hans H. de Boer, Judith Fronczek, Melanie S. Archer

FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive squamous and mucinous metaplasia and a novel MALAT1::PLAG1 fusion gene

Maria F. Gonzalez

Summary: This article discusses the diagnostic challenges of a rare case of metaplastic pleomorphic adenoma, which exhibits extensive squamous and mucinous metaplasia. The article also introduces a novel MALAT1::PLAG1 fusion image.

CYTOPATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

The relationship between histopathological features, immunosuppression and outcome in patients undergoing native kidney biopsies

David Kipgen, Jana Crosby, Vishal Dey, Michael Kelly, Emily Mcquarrie, Colin Geddes

Summary: This retrospective study examines the association between histopathological lesions on renal biopsy and subsequent renal function impairment, as well as the influence of immunosuppressive therapy within the first 6 months after biopsy. The results show that histology parameters at the time of biopsy can predict loss of kidney function, and prescription of immunosuppression is associated with reduced risk of loss of eGFR.

HISTOPATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Pathology

Primary Uterine Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: Histopathologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of a Rare Case

Anjali Gupta, Parikshaa Gupta, Amarjot Kaur, Snigdha Kumari, Gupta Nalini, Shalini Gainder

Summary: This case report presents a rare primary uterine alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) in a postmenopausal woman. The tumor exhibited characteristic histopathology and immunohistochemistry features, which can aid in the accurate diagnosis of this uncommon sarcoma.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY (2023)

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