Ornithology

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Article Ornithology

Unprecedented heat mortality of Magellanic Penguins

Katie A. Holt, P. Dee Boersma

Summary: This study documents an unprecedented heat-related mortality event of Magellanic Penguins in Argentina, caused by extreme high temperatures in a single day. The research found that both adult penguins and chicks died, potentially due to dehydration and lack of food. The mortality rates of adult penguins were unevenly distributed across the breeding colony, indicating the importance of microclimates and beach access to penguin survival.

ORNITHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Article Ornithology

What makes an urban raptor?

Lucas M. Leveau, Fabricio C. Gorleri, Ignacio Roesler, Francisco Gonzalez-Taboas

Summary: This study analyzes the phylogenetic signal and drivers of raptor presence in urban areas using citizen science data from Argentina. The results indicate that closely related species are more likely to have similar tolerances to urbanization. Additionally, urbanization affects raptor occurrence, but is unrelated to traits such as body mass, diet, nesting site, and migratory behavior. Citizen science projects play an important role in collecting data at large geographical scales.

IBIS (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

An update on the conservation status of the Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax: global and local population estimates, trends, and threats

Manuel B. Morales, Vincent Bretagnolle

Summary: The Little Bustard is an iconic species that serves as an indicator of healthy grassland and farmland ecosystems. However, it has experienced significant declines in population due to land-use change, agricultural intensification, hunting, poaching, and collision with powerlines. While the Eastern sub-range is now considered the species' stronghold, further research and a global conservation strategy are needed to ensure its recovery.

BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Ornithology

The Eurasian Treecreeper (Certhia familiaris) has an effective camouflage against mammalian but not avian vision in boreal forests

Ossi Nokelainen, Heikki Helle, Juho Hartikka, Juho Jolkkonen, Janne K. Valkonen

Summary: This study quantifies the camouflage of the Eurasian Treecreeper in boreal forests and finds that it provides better protection against mammalian predators. The background match of Treecreepers does not significantly differ across spatial scales, but it is better on conifers.

IBIS (2022)

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Editorial Material Ornithology

BirdNET: applications, performance, pitfalls and future opportunities

Cristian Perez-Granados

Summary: Automated recognition software, such as BirdNET, is crucial for effective passive acoustic monitoring. Despite growing popularity, BirdNET has been subject to few assessments, hindering the interpretation of ecological results and decision-making. Studies evaluating BirdNET show relatively high average precision (72-85% of correctly identified detections) and recall rate (33-84% of target species vocalizations detected), but few have linked BirdNET detections to ecological processes or real-world monitoring schemes. Recommendations for evaluating BirdNET efficiency and considering the confidence score threshold are provided.

IBIS (2023)

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Article Ornithology

Strong evidence supporting a relationship between colour pattern and apparent survival in common crossbills

Blanca Fernandez-Eslava, Daniel Alonso, David Galicia, Juan Arizaga

Summary: Carotenoid staining serves as a sexually selected individual quality signal, indicating superior feeding abilities, disease resistance, and body condition. Different populations of common crossbills show variations in coloration, with red individuals possibly being more mobile and nomadic. However, red males demonstrate higher survival rates regardless of mobility, suggesting a link between red coloration and higher quality individuals.

JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Compounding and complementary carnivores: Australian bird species eaten by the introduced European red fox Vulpes vulpes and domestic cat Felis catus

John C. Z. Woinarski, Alyson M. Stobo-Wilson, Heather M. Crawford, Stuart J. Dawson, Chris R. Dickman, Tim S. Doherty, Patricia A. Fleming, Stephen T. Garnett, Matthew N. Gentle, Sarah M. Legge, Thomas M. Newsome, Russell Palmer, Matthew W. Rees, Euan G. Ritchie, James Speed, John-michael Stuart, Eilysh Thompson, Jeff Turpin, Brett P. Murphy

Summary: The introduced carnivores European red fox and domestic cat have had significant impacts on Australian biodiversity. They both consume a large number of Australian bird species, with overlap in their predation impact but also some differentiation. Birds heavier than 3.4 kg are more likely to be eaten by foxes, while those lighter than 3.4 kg are more vulnerable to predation by cats.

BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Ornithology

DNA metabarcoding reveals broadly overlapping diets in three sympatric North American hummingbirds

Austin R. Spence, Erin E. Wilson Rankin, Morgan W. Tingley

Summary: Hummingbirds show high dietary overlap in both invertebrate and plant resources, with few common families across individuals. Anna's Hummingbirds exhibit significantly higher invertebrate diet diversity compared to Black-chinned Hummingbirds in the same sites, but no differences were found in plant diet diversity among the 3 species. Urban hummingbirds have higher plant diet diversity than rural hummingbirds, with no effect of elevation on dietary richness.

ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ornithology

Estimate of Strouhal and Reynolds numbers for swimming penguins

M. H. Masud, M. La Mantia, P. Dabnichki

Summary: The paper discusses the evaluation of propulsion performance in swimming and flying animals, emphasizing the importance of dimensionless numbers such as the Strouhal and Reynolds numbers. By analyzing values for penguins and other species, it was found that penguins utilize efficient propulsion mechanisms and a correlation between diving abilities, flying abilities, and drag coefficient.

JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Marine & Freshwater Biology

NO EVIDENCE OF AVIAN MALARIA IN TWO MEDITERRANEAN ENDEMIC SEABIRDS

L. U. C. A. Ilahiane, F. E. D. E. R. I. C. O. DE Pascalis, D. A. N. I. L. O. Pisu, D. A. V. I. D. Pala, F. E. D. E. R. I. C. A. Ferrario, M. A. R. C. O. Cucco, D. I. E. G. O. Rubolini, Jacopo G. Cecere, I. R. E. N. E. Pellegrino

Summary: Pathogens and diseases can have severe effects on fitness in birds. Screening can help understand disease distribution and parasite-host interactions. Using molecular techniques, no evidence of blood parasites was found in two Mediterranean seabird species, indicating a possible lack of vector for transmission.

MARINE ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ornithology

Nectar provision attracts hummingbirds and connects interaction networks across habitats

Monica B. Ramirez-Burbano, Felipe W. Amorim, Alba Marina Torres-Gonzalez, Jesper Sonne, Pietro Kiyoshi Maruyama

Summary: This study examined the interaction network between plants and hummingbirds in a birdwatching garden in Colombia, finding that hummingbirds heavily relied on artificial nectar feeders and that morphological matching was a key predictor of interactions. The garden attracted most, but not all, hummingbird species beyond their natural habitat, with native plants, especially the endemic tree Zygia lehmannii, being the most frequented.

IBIS (2022)

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Article Ornithology

When to depart from a stopover site? Time since arrival matters more than current weather conditions

Sebastien Roques, Pierre-Yves Henry, Gaetan Guyot, Bruno Bargain, Emmanuelle Cam, Roger Pradel

Summary: During post-breeding migration, migrating birds mainly consider the time spent on resting and refueling when deciding to leave a stopover site. Time since arrival serves as a crucial factor influencing departure decisions, while weather conditions have only a slight effect on daily departure probability.

ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Review Ornithology

The Pacific as the world's greatest theater of bird migration: Extreme flights spark questions about physiological capabilities, behavior, and the evolution of migratory pathways

Theunis Piersma, Robert E. Gill, Daniel R. Ruthrauff, Christopher G. Guglielmo, Jesse R. Conklin, Colleen M. Handel

Summary: The Pacific Basin provides unique opportunities for studying bird migratory behavior, especially for species like shorebirds. Ancient Polynesians observed the seasonal passage of these birds and incorporated it into their navigation systems. Modern research and tracking technology have revealed the enormity of the individual nonstop flights of these birds, raising questions about their capabilities and evolutionary development. Advances in theory and technology have expanded the field of movement ecology.

ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ornithology

Differential responses of coexisting owls to annual small mammal population fluctuations in temperate mixed forest

Urska Ratajc, Martin Breskvar, Saso Dzeroski, Al Vrezec

Summary: A long-term study in central and southern Europe found that fluctuations in small mammal populations in montane temperate forests have significant impacts on owl predators. The Yellow-necked Mouse plays a key role in determining owl populations and their breeding performance.

IBIS (2022)

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Article Ornithology

Low levels of hybridization between domestic and wild Mallards wintering in the lower Mississippi Flyway

J. Brian Davis, Diana C. Outlaw, Kevin M. Ringelman, Richard M. Kaminski, Philip Lavretsky

Summary: This article investigates the decline of Mallards in eastern North America, finding extensive hybridization between wild Mallards and domestic game-farm birds as a contributing factor. The study examines the genetic composition of Mallards in the lower Mississippi flyway and discovers that nearly 30% of wild Mallards carry genetic material derived from domestic Mallards. However, only 4% of the sample set is identified as hybrids based on nuclear results. The prevalence of game-farm Mallard-derived genetic material remains consistent across Mallards sampled a decade apart. This research highlights the importance of understanding the genetic ancestry of Mallard populations and the need for genetic monitoring and management strategies to mitigate hybridization in the future.

ORNITHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Recent recovery and expansion of Guam's locally endangered sali (Micronesian Starling) Aplonis opaca population in the presence of the invasive brown treesnake

Henry S. Pollock, Martin Kastner, Gary J. Wiles, Hugo Thierry, Laura Barnhart Duenas, Eben H. Paxton, Nicole M. Suckow, Jeff Quitugua, Haldre S. Rogers

Summary: Assessing the impacts of invasive predators on native species is crucial for understanding species persistence. In Guam, the introduction of the brown treesnake led to the near-total loss of native forest avifauna. Control measures have led to an increase in the population of the Micronesian Starling, but skewed age ratios and continued impacts from snake predation indicate ongoing challenges for population recovery.

BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Biodiversity Conservation

Climate change exposure of waterbird species in the African-Eurasian flyways

Szabolcs Nagy, Frank T. Breiner, Mira Anand, Stuart h. m. Butchart, Martina Florke, Etienne Fluet-chouinard, Antoine Guisan, Lammert Hilarides, Victoria R. Jones, Mikhail Kalyakin, Bernhard Lehner, James W. Pearce-higgins, Olga Voltzit

Summary: Climate change poses a complex challenge for the conservation of migratory bird species, requiring coordinated action by multiple countries. A study found species in the Afrotropical biogeographic realm and Arctic breeding waders to have the smallest proportion of suitable areas by 2050. Adaptation measures for climate change should be implemented at the landscape scale.

BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Ornithology

Misidentifications in citizen science bias the phenological estimates of two hard-to-identify Elaenia flycatchers

Fabricio C. Gorleri, Juan I. Areta

Summary: Citizen science initiatives provide valuable information for ecological studies, but species misidentifications can bias results, especially for hard-to-identify species. Critical assessments of records and post-processing are essential to enhance the accuracy and usefulness of citizen science databases for studying ecological patterns.

IBIS (2022)

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Review Ornithology

Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future

Leticia Soares, Kristina L. Cockle, Ernesto Ruelas Inzunza, Jose Tomas Ibarra, Carolina Isabel Mino, Santiago Zuluaga, Elisa Bonaccorso, Juan Camilo Rios-Orjuela, Flavia A. Montano-Centellas, Juan F. Freile, Maria A. Echeverry-Galvis, Eugenia Bianca Bonaparte, Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas, Karina Speziale, Sergio A. Cabrera-Cruz, Orlando Acevedo-Charry, Enriqueta Velarde, Cecilia Cuatianquiz Lima, Valeria S. Ojeda, Carla S. Fontana, Alejandra Echeverri, Sergio A. Lambertucci, Regina H. Macedo, Alberto Esquivel, Steven C. Latta, Irene Ruvalcaba-Ortega, Maria Alice S. Alves, Diego Santiago-Alarcon, Alejandro Bodrati, Fernando Gonzalez-Garcia, Nestor Farina, Juan Esteban Martinez-Gomez, Ruben Ortega-Alvarez, Maria Gabriela Nunez Montellano, Camila C. Ribas, Carlos Bosque, Adrian S. Di Giacomo, Juan Areta, Carine Emer, Lourdes Mugica Valdes, Clementina Gonzalez, Maria Emilia Rebollo, Giselle Mangini, Carlos Lara, Jose Cristobal Pizarro, Victor R. Cueto, Pablo Rafael Bolanos-Sittler, Juan Francisco Ornelas, Martin Acosta, Marcos Cenizo, Miguel Angelo Marini, Leopoldo D. Vazquez-Reyes, Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Oreja, Leandro Bugoni, Martin Quiroga, Valentina Ferretti, Lilian T. Manica, Juan M. Grande, Flor Rodriguez-Gomez, Soledad Diaz, Nicole Buettner, Lucia Mentesana, Marconi Campos-Cerqueira, Fernando Gabriel Lopez, Andre C. Guaraldo, Ian MacGregor-Fors, Francisca Helena Aguiar-Silva, Cristina Y. Miyaki, Silvina Ippi, Emilse Merida, Cecilia Kopuchian, Cintia Cornelius, Paula L. Enriquez, Natalia Ocampo-Penuela, Katherine Renton, Jhan C. Salazar, Luis Sandoval, Jorge Correa Sandoval, Pedro X. Astudillo, Ancilleno O. Davis, Nicolas Cantero, David Ocampo, Oscar Humberto Marin Gomez, Sergio Henrique Borges, Sergio Cordoba-Cordoba, Alejandro G. Pietrek, Carlos B. de Araujo, Guillermo Fernandez, Horacio de la Cueva, Joao Marcos Guimaraes Capurucho, Nicole A. Gutierrez-Ramos, Ariane Ferreira, Lilian Mariana Costa, Cecilia Soldatini, Hannah M. Madden, Miguel Angel Santillan, Gustavo Jimenez-Uzcategui, Emilio A. Jordan, Guilherme Henrique Silva Freitas, Paulo C. Pulgarin-R, Roberto Carlos Almazan-Nunez, Tomas Altamirano, Milka R. Gomez, Myriam C. Velazquez, Rebeca Irala, Facundo A. Gandoy, Andrea C. Trigueros, Carlos A. Ferreyra, Yuri Vladimir Albores-Barajas, Markus Tellkamp, Carine Dantas Oliveira, Andrea Weiler, Ma del Coro Arizmendi, Adrianne G. Tossas, Rebecca Zarza, Gabriel Serra, Rafael Villegas-Patraca, Facundo Gabriel Di Sallo, Cleiton Valentim, Jorge Ignacio Noriega, Giraldo Alayon Garcia, Martin R. de la Pena, Rosendo M. Fraga, Pedro Vitor Ribeiro Martins

Summary: To advance Neotropical ornithology, it is crucial to address systemic exclusion, improve research practices, and provide better funding and professional development opportunities. Collaborative leadership, investment in basic field biology research, and the promotion of anti-colonial agendas are key to progress.

ORNITHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2023)

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Article Ornithology

Large trees and forest heterogeneity facilitate prey capture by California Spotted Owls

Ceeanna J. Zulla, H. Anu Kramer, Gavin M. Jones, John J. Keane, Kevin N. Roberts, Brian P. Dotters, Sarah C. Sawyer, Sheila A. Whitmore, William J. Berigan, Kevin G. Kelly, Amy K. Wray, M. Zachariah Peery

Summary: Predators, especially small and cryptic ones, face endangerment due to prey declines. Conservation plans based on coarse-scale studies may not consider habitat features contributing to successful prey capture. Using high-resolution GPS tracking and nest video monitoring, this study identified important habitat features for the Spotted Owl, suggesting promoting large trees, increasing forest heterogeneity, and creating canopy gaps could benefit both the owl and its prey.

ORNITHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2022)

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