Ophthalmology

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Article Ophthalmology

Characterization of Ocular Injuries Caused by Orbeez Hydrated Gel Pellet Projectiles: Clinical Insights and Implications

Maria Krisch, Jordan Ueberroth, Neha Gupta, Stephen Merriam, Mark p. Breazzano

Summary: Orbeez-related ocular trauma can lead to severe visual morbidity and various intraocular sequelae. Adolescents may be at higher risk for posterior segment complications. Elevated IOP and hyphema at initial presentation may indicate a need for more aggressive interventions.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2024)

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Editorial Material Ophthalmology

Time to Treat the Climate and Nature Crisis as One Indivisible Global Health Emergency

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Pathogen Surveillance for Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis

Edmund Tsui, Ruti Sella, Vivien Tham, Alan W. Kong, Esmeralda Mcclean, Lee Goren, Irit Bahar, Nina Cherian, Joana Ramirez, Reginald E. Hughes, Joseph K. Privratsky, Tania Onclinx, Rachel Feit-Leichman, Angel Cheng, Iliana Molina, Phillip Kim, Carol Yu, Kevin Ruder, Alexander Tan, Cindi Chen, Yuheng Liu, Thomas Abraham, Armin Hinterwirth, Lina Zhong, Travis C. Porco, Thomas M. Lietman, Gerami D. Seitzman, Thuy Doan

Summary: This study investigates regional variations and microbial etiologies of acute infectious conjunctivitis. The study finds that pathogens associated with acute infectious conjunctivitis vary between different sites. Purulent discharge is a common presenting sign, but has low specificity for bacteria-associated conjunctivitis.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Efficacy and Safety of Brolucizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema The KINGFISHER Randomized Clinical Trial

Rishi P. Singh, Mark R. Barakat, Michael S. Ip, Charles C. Wykoff, David A. Eichenbaum, Sunir Joshi, David Warrow, Veeral S. Sheth, Jana Stefanickova, Yong Soo Kim, Fanyin He, Ga Eun Cho, Yuhua Wang, Andres Emanuelli

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab compared to aflibercept in patients with DME. The results showed no clinically meaningful differences in visual outcomes between brolucizumab and aflibercept, but superior anatomical improvements were noted with brolucizumab. Additionally, no new safety concerns were identified.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Risk of Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Death After Retinal Artery Occlusion

Karen M. Wai, Austen Knapp, Cassie A. Ludwig, Euna Koo, Ravi Parikh, Ehsan Rahimy, Prithvi Mruthyunjaya

Summary: This study compared the rates of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and death in patients with retinal artery occlusions (RAOs) and a control cohort. The results showed that patients with RAO had a higher risk of stroke, MI, and death in both short-term and long-term intervals. The findings suggest the need for multidisciplinary evaluation and long-term follow-up in patients post-RAO.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Screened for Retinopathy of Prematurity

Reem Karmouta, Jason C. Strawbridge, Seth Langston, Marie Altendahl, Monica Khitri, Alison Chu, Irena Tsui

Summary: This study investigated the potential association between socioeconomic and clinical risk factors and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants screened for retinopathy of prematurity. The results suggest that public health insurance is associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe neurodevelopmental impairment in cognitive, language, and motor domains. Other clinical factors, such as lower birth weight, intraventricular hemorrhage, male sex, and older age at assessment, were also associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Editorial Material Ophthalmology

Fever and Neutropenia Can Be a Risk to the Child's Life

Ann M. Leahey, Carol L. Shields

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Machine Learning Models for Predicting Long-Term Visual Acuity in Highly Myopic Eyes

Yining Wang, Ran Du, Shiqi Xie, Changyu Chen, Hongshuang Lu, Jianping Xiong, Daniel S. W. Ting, Kengo Uramoto, Koju Kamoi, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui

Summary: This study aimed to develop machine learning models to predict visual acuity (VA) at 3 and 5 years in patients with high myopia. The study results suggest that developing models for accurate prediction of long-term VA for highly myopic eyes based on clinical and imaging information is feasible and could be used for clinical assessments of future visual acuity.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Social Determinants of Health and Perceived Barriers to Care in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

Rohith Ravindranath, Isaac A. Bernstein, Karen S. Fernandez, Cassie A. Ludwig, Sophia Y. Wang

Summary: This study examined the associations between visiting an eye care practitioner for diabetic retinopathy screening and overall health and social determinants of health. The results showed that food and housing insecurity, mental health concerns, and the perceived importance of practitioner concordance were associated with a lower likelihood of visiting an eye care practitioner.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Incidence and Risk Factors for Neutropenia After Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma

Debora H. Lee, Richard Donkor, Matthew N. Parvus, Mark J. Dannenbaum, Amy C. Schefler

Summary: In this study, the incidence of severe neutropenia after IAC treatment for retinoblastoma was found to be nearly 40%, higher than previously reported. Extended laboratory monitoring may help capture overlooked cases of neutropenia. Topotecan may be associated with the development of neutropenia, and limiting topotecan doses, especially in combination with high melphalan doses, could reduce the risk of neutropenia.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Editorial Material Ophthalmology

Regulatory and Informational Gaps in the Over-the-Counter Eye Care Product Industry-Over the Counter, Under the Radar

David N. Younessi, John C. Lin, Timothy M. Janetos

Summary: This Viewpoint discusses the limitations of regulatory oversight for non-prescription eye care products and the challenges in offering clinical recommendations.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Review Ophthalmology

Orbital apex syndrome in herpes zoster ophthalmicus clinical features, treatment and outcomes: a case series and literature review

Jessica X. L. Li, Jessica Y. Tong, Krishna Tumuluri

Summary: This study presents four cases of HZO OAS to highlight the clinical features and outcomes of this potentially sight-threatening complication, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and management.

ORBIT-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORBITAL DISORDERS-OCULOPLASTIC AND LACRIMAL SURGERY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Anatomical changes in idiopathic epiretinal membrane at 2-year follow-up assessed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomographic angiography

Kwang-Eon Choi, Seungheon Kim, Seong-Woo Kim

Summary: This study evaluated anatomical changes in low-stage partial attachment-type iERM over a 2-year period. Results showed that the FAZ area significantly decreased in the superficial vascular plexus but did not significantly decrease in the deep vascular plexus. The thickness of the GCIPL decreased, which may be due to degenerative changes or centrifugal movement.

GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Review Ophthalmology

Isolated bilateral orbital and paranasal Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting two brothers: a case report and a systematic literature review

Hamad M. Alsulaiman, Reem Alanazi, Sahar Elkhamary, Azza Maktabi, Hind Alkatan, Rawan N. Althaqib, Osama Sheik, Silvana A. Schellini

Summary: This article presents a systematic literature review on orbital Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD), including 88 reported cases. It also reports two cases of isolated bilateral extra-nodal orbital RDD associated with G-6PD deficiency. The disease was characterized by extensive orbital and paranasal sinus infiltration, as well as orbital bone destruction. Surgical debulking and steroid treatment improved the condition in both patients.

ORBIT-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORBITAL DISORDERS-OCULOPLASTIC AND LACRIMAL SURGERY (2023)

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Review Ophthalmology

Corneal ring infiltrate- far more than Acanthamoeba keratitis: review of pathophysiology, morphology, differential diagnosis and management

J. Przybek-Skrzypecka, J. Skrzypecki, L. Suh, J. P. Szaflik

Summary: Corneal ring infiltrate can be triggered by both ocular infectious and non-infectious factors, as well as systemic conditions. Clinical assessment is crucial for empirical diagnosis.

JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Case series of branch retinal vein occlusion secondary to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and its surgical management

Youna Choi, Sung Jun Kim, Jae Jung Lee, Moosa Hasan Zaidi, Yong Un Shin, Ik Soo Byon, Ji Eun Lee, Sung Who Park

Summary: This study reviewed cases of BRVO secondary to retinal detachment surgery and investigated its mechanism. The results showed an incidence of 0.68% for BRVO within one year after retinal detachment surgery, possibly due to kinks of the retinal vein or damage during the surgery.

BMC OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Intracameral Fibrinous Reaction During Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty

Cristina Bostan, Mikael Bernier, Tanguy Boutin, Elise Slim, Michele Mabon, Isabelle Brunette, Johanna Choremis, Julia C. Talajic

Summary: This study found that intraoperative fibrinous reaction in DMEK is a rare complication that interferes with graft unfolding and leads to poor outcomes. The use of anticoagulants appears to be a risk factor and may be compounded by surgical trauma to vascular tissues and prolonged surgical maneuvers.

OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Molecular Analysis of Liquid Vitreous Biopsy Reveals Occult Lymphoma Following Cytology-Negative Biopsies of the Brain and Vitreous

Daniel A. Balikov, Kyle Conway, Noah A. Brown, Sandra Camelo-Piragua, Rajesh C. Rao

Summary: This article highlights the unique contribution of liquid biopsy neuropathology-oriented molecular testing in a challenging case with high clinical suspicion of PCNSL in which gold-standard diagnostic testing failed to yield a diagnosis.

OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Lens epithelium cell ferroptosis mediated by m6A-lncRNA and GPX4 expression in lens tissue of age-related cataract

Yong Wang, Pengfei Li, Congyu Wang, Sijie Bao, Siwen Wang, Guowei Zhang, Xi Zou, Jian Wu, Yu Guan, Min Ji, Huaijin Guan

Summary: In this study, the role of m(6)A-modified lncRNAs in age-related cataract was explored. It was found that the m(6)A-modified lncRNA ENST00000586817 is involved in ferroptosis through the regulation of GPX4 expression.

BMC OPHTHALMOLOGY (2023)

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Article Ophthalmology

Tuberculosis reactivation demonstrated by choroiditis and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane in a patient treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignant mucosal melanoma

Melissa L. Murphy, Duncan Rogers

Summary: This study describes a complex case of ocular tuberculosis reactivation with anterior uveitis, choroiditis, and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment of malignant mucosal melanoma. The patient showed clinical improvement with systemic anti-tubercular therapy, systemic steroids, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION (2023)

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