Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. R. Daniels, M. M. R. Williams, M. D. Eaton
Summary: This paper presents the development and verification of a collision probability (CP) code for neutron transport in slabs and cylinders. The CP code is particularly useful for modelling layered systems of aqueous and organic plutonium nitrate. The code provides a computationally inexpensive alternative to higher fidelity codes like MCNP. It is effective for slab geometries with at least 0.7 g cm-2 plutonium, but its approximation for heterogeneous cylinders can lead to overestimation of neutron leakage. Increasing the cylinder radius to 40.0 cm improves the accuracy for systems with at least 2.75 kg plutonium. However, the code's accuracy decreases when modelling cylindrical geometries with dished ends and low plutonium content.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ali Pashazadeh, Hamid Reza Baghani, Mostafa Robatjazi, Prajit Kadavil
Summary: This study investigated the effect of patch source geometric parameters on the depth dose distribution in skin tissue through Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that increasing the source-to-skin distance, patch thickness, and patch diameter will reduce the depth dose distribution, with the source-to-skin distance having the most significant impact on dose gradient.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Thomas Neulinger, Hanno Filter, Oliver Zimmer
Summary: This paper describes the mathematical foundation for analyzing vertical time-of-flight (TOF) measurements using ultracold neutrons (UCN). It enables the spectroscopy of UCN with kinetic energies below the neutron optical potential of the detector entrance window. The paper provides general treatment methods and transformation rules for converting vertical TOF spectra into other spectra of interest.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Mina Cho, Dohyun Lim, Chanwoo Park, Moosung Jae
Summary: By introducing dose-estimates as grouping variables, the site release category (SRC) model allows for manageable analysis of multiple-unit STCs and produces reasonable and conservative results.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Chia-Wei Lin, Yung-Shin Tseng, Kai-Qi Lin, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Tzu-Chen Hung, Hua-Yi Hsu
Summary: This study conducted a numerical simulation to investigate the heat transfer problem in the dry storage system and indoor facility. The results provide insights into DSS heat transfer and offer suggestions for improvement, which are beneficial to the development of nuclear energy science and technology.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohamed Y. Hanfi, Ahmed E. Abdel Gawad, Atef M. Abu-Donia, Hanaa A. Abu Khoziem, Hamed I. Mira, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, A. Sh. M. Elshoukrofy
Summary: This study investigates the presence of radioactive minerals and their impact on the radioactive hazards in Um Safi rhyolite flow tuffs. The results indicate that the activity concentration of radionuclides exceeds the recommended limit, making these rocks unsafe for use in construction materials. A positive correlation is observed between uranium and thorium concentrations, as well as between potassium and all radiological parameters.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seung-Hwan Oh, Junhwa Shin, In-Tae Hwang, Joon-Yong Sohn, Seok-In Na, Chan-Hee Jung
Summary: Conductive graphitic carbon films were fabricated from insulating polystyrene (PS) and used as a transparent anode for organic solar cells (OSCs). The films exhibited thickness-dependent conductivity, while their work function and surface roughness remained unchanged. Introducing the graphitic carbon films into OSCs resulted in a power conversion efficiency of 1.40%.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Xiang-yang Sun, Hao-yang Lan, Liang-hua Han, Lie Liu
Summary: The long-lived fission products (LLFPs) pose a major obstacle to the development of nuclear energy. The fast neutron reactor is a strong candidate for transmuting LLFPs. The study shows that an optimized loading strategy of moderators can significantly improve transmutation efficiency.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Arnau Alba, Andreas Adelmann, Lucas Munster, Dimitri Rochman, Romana Boiger
Summary: This paper presents a surrogate modeling approach using neural networks for predicting the characteristics of spent nuclear fuel. The trained neural network accurately predicts decay heat and nuclide concentrations, providing a promising avenue for improving computational efficiency.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Zhanguo Ma, Shiguang Deng, Zhuoran Zhou, Xin Ai, Jing Zhang, Yongkuo Liu, Minjun Peng, Jing Cui
Summary: Online monitoring and Fault Diagnosis and Detection (FDD) can improve operator's situation awareness. The study proposes an expert knowledge modelling software based on Signed Directed Graph (SDG) to infer faults and explain failure causes. The case study demonstrates the software's effectiveness in diagnosing faults and inferring variable impact along the fault propagation paths.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. Tyler Gates, Pavel V. Tsvetkov
Summary: The Optical Fiber Based Gamma Thermometer utilizes optical fiber as a distributed temperature sensor to measure the temperature of a thermal mass undergoing gamma heating and calculate the gamma flux data. This technology shows promise in determining the local power density within a nuclear reactor core and provides an unparalleled level of precision in reactor power measurement.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
F. Mascari, A. Bersano, M. Massone, G. Agnello, O. Coindreau, S. Beck, L. Tiborcz, S. Paci, M. Angelucci, L. E. Herranz, R. Bocanegra, Y. Pontillon, M. Berdai, O. Cherednichenko, A. Iskra, M. Nudi, P. Groudev, P. Petrova, F. Kretzschmar, F. Gabrielli, Z. Kanglong, V. Vileiniskis, T. Kaliatka, J. Kalilainen, M. Malicki, D. Gumenyuk, Y. Vorobyov, O. Kotsuba, P. Dejardin, M. Di Giuli, R. Thomas, I. V. Ivanov, F. Giannetti, M. D'Onorio, G. Caruso, M. Salay, T. Sevon
Summary: The MUSA project aims to analyze uncertainties and sensitivities associated with severe accidents using a harmonized approach, particularly focusing on source term figures of merit. The project applied and tested uncertainty quantification methodologies using the PHEBUS FPT1 test. The study found that scripting for coupling SA codes and uncertainty tools can increase flexibility, and careful consideration should be given to selecting the input uncertain parameters.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ian Greenquist, Nathan Capps
Summary: The US nuclear energy industry is investigating strategies to increase reactor operating cycle to 24 months. Multiphysics simulations tools and methodologies are being developed to predict the effects of this change during transient events such as loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs).
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Islam G. Alhindawy, M. I. Sayyed, Dalal Abdullah Aloraini, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Mohammad S. Alomar, Gaber A. Elawadi, K. A. Mahmoud
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Neodymium (III) nitrate hexahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate on the structural and radiation shielding properties of zircon mineral, and a new La/Nb-doped ZrO2 nanocomposite was fabricated. Experimental techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction pattern were used to analyze the structure and composition of the fabricated nanocomposites. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to evaluate the gamma-ray shielding properties. The results showed that the fabricated composites had good shielding characteristics, with a shielding capacity of 30-50% compared to pure lead in the intermediate energy range of 0.244-2.506 MeV.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Review
Nuclear Science & Technology
Akira Sakai, Shuichi Ishida
Summary: This study examines operational issues in the Rokkasho vitrification facility in Japan, analyzes the fundamental causes of unstable operation, and proposes improvement methods. Through data analysis, hypothesis testing, and system classification, conclusions are drawn on improving task performance in a controllable system.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ivan Shchus, Daniil A. Tyurin, Vladimir I. Feldman
Summary: The radiation-induced transformations of isolated dimethyl disulphide molecules in a solid argon matrix were studied using FTIR spectroscopy at 4.5 K. Decomposition was found to be efficient, with a radiation-chemical yield of 4.5 molecules per 100 eV. Two primary channels, yielding CH3SH plus H2CS and CH4 plus H2CSS, were identified during radiolysis. Prolonged radiolysis led to the appearance of various secondary products. The spectroscopic characteristics of these observed products and their implications are discussed.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mawya Khafaji, Rashid Barnawi, Salma Amoudi, Hassan Gabbani, Rayan Alhazmi, Rayan Ahyad, Khalid Alsafi, Khuld Saeedi, Hassan Salah, Nissren Tamam, David Bradley, Sarah Albahiti, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: This study aimed to calculate typical values for common pediatric studies at King Abdulaziz University Hospital and compare them with other studies. The results showed that radiation dose levels in pediatric CT examinations were generally lower compared to other studies.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Rong Zhang, Dalin Zhang, Yu Liang, Jinshun Wang, Jian Deng, Xisi Zhang, Zhixin Niu, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, Qi Luo
Summary: This study validates the reliability of the Yao Guang subchannel code for the Heavy Liquid Metal system through experimental activities and benchmark exercises. The code shows good accuracy in simulating steady state and transient conditions with uniform power distribution, but exhibits larger simulation deviations for non-uniform heating. The non-uniform heating mainly increases the axial and radial temperature gradients and helps flatten the radial thermal field to some extent.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Kota Fujiwara, Kohei Yoshida, Yuki Nakamura, Sasuke Kadoma, Akiko Kaneko, Yutaka Abe
Summary: This study investigates aerosol transportation during pool scrubbing and finds that the mass transfer capability of bubbles has a significant impact on the decontamination factor of aerosols.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. M. Maia, R. M. Curado da Silva, J. Mingacho
Summary: Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) are intense and fast gamma-ray emissions generated within the Earth's atmosphere. This study estimates the effective doses of TGFs gamma-ray emissions and examines the dependence on energy spectrum models and atmosphere mass thickness. The findings highlight the potential threat posed by TGFs to aircraft passengers and crew in terms of radiation exposure.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
