Article
Neurosciences
Shitong Xiang, Tianye Jia, Chao Xie, Zhichao Zhu, Wei Cheng, Gunter Schumann, Trevor W. Robbins, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: How to retrieve latent neurobehavioural processes from complex neurobiological signals is a challenge that has not been fully addressed. This study presents a novel approach, DeCoP, that outperforms traditional decoding methods in terms of false inference and robustness. The research reveals distinct evaluation and readiness processes during reward/punishment anticipation, modulated by different dopamine systems. Only a few brain regions encode exact input information, while others encode abstract information.
Article
Neurosciences
Zhiqiang Pan, Chuan Zhang, Wenjie Su, Xingang Qi, Xinyue Feng, Lanqi Gao, Xiaoxue Xu, Jixin Liu
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the neural mechanisms associated with individual differences in pain empathy. The results revealed that the delta and alpha bands of EEG signals play distinct roles in pain empathy processing, reflecting individual differences in pain empathy and pain sensitivity.
Article
Neurosciences
Siying Li, Carol A. Seger, Jianfeng Zhang, Meng Liu, Wenshan Dong, Wanting Liu, Qi Chen
Summary: This study investigates the neural mechanisms underlying attentional expectancies using a modified Central Cue Posner Paradigm. The results reveal that alpha oscillations in the attentional deployment to the cued location are predicted by precision-dependent attention only in high-predictability conditions. Furthermore, alpha band oscillations in precision-dependent attention are correlated with valid cues after the target appears. Additionally, cue orientation has a separate effect on attentional modulation.
Article
Neurosciences
Yutaka Fuchino, Ikuko Kato, Yinmon Htun, Yuji Takano, Yukihiko Konishi, Kosuke Koyano, Shinji Nakamura, Naoki Tanaka, Takashi Kusaka, Yukuo Konishi
Summary: This study examined the hemodynamic changes during tactile vibration stimuli in fullterm infants and neonates up to 10 months of age using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The amplitude of the normalized oxygenated hemoglobin showed an effect of age, while the time to peak was not affected. These results may reflect developmental changes in neural activity, vasculature, and blood oxygenation.
Article
Neurosciences
Ya Zheng, Chenlu Guan, Zhao Wang, Wendeng Yang, Bo Gao
Summary: Sensation seeking and delay discounting are strong predictors of risk-taking behaviors, but the relationship between the two remains unclear. This study found that high sensation seekers, compared to low sensation seekers, showed a greater delay discounting effect at the neural level when rewards were large. This abnormality was further confirmed by electrocortical hypersensitivity to large immediate rewards and enhanced neural coding of reward magnitude in high sensation seekers. The findings support both the hyperactive approach theory and the optimal arousal theory in sensation seeking and have implications for preventing and intervening in maladaptive risk-taking behaviors.
Article
Neurosciences
Moo K. Chung, Camille Garcia Ramos, Felipe Branco De Paiva, Jedidiah Mathis, Vivek Prabhakaran, Veena A. Nair, Mary E. Meyerand, Bruce P. Hermann, Jeffrey R. Binder, Aaron F. Struck
Summary: Persistent homology provides a powerful tool for extracting hidden topological signals from brain networks. It captures the evolution of topological structures across multiple scales and reveals topological features that persist over these scales. The Wasserstein distance quantifies the dissimilarity of these features, but its unknown distribution poses challenges for existing parametric statistical models. To address this issue, this study introduces a unified topological inference framework centered on the Wasserstein distance.
Article
Neurosciences
Diandra Brkic, Sara Sommariva, Anna-Lisa Schuler, Annalisa Pascarella, Paolo Belardinelli, Silvia L. Isabella, Giovanni Di Pino, Sara Zago, Giulio Ferrazzi, Javier Rasero, Giorgio Arcara, Daniele Marinazzo, Giovanni Pellegrino
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different connectivity calculation methods on MEG/EEG seed-based connectivity analysis. The results show remarkable differences in connectivity magnitude and spatial distribution across different strategies. Dimensionality reduction procedures conducted after computing connectivity are more similar, while PCA before approach is the most dissimilar.
Article
Neurosciences
Mara van der Meulen, Simone Dobbelaar, Lina van Drunen, Stephan Heunis, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Neeltje E. Blankenstein, Eveline A. Crone
Summary: Acting prosocially and feeling socially included are important for social relations. This study investigated the development of prosocial behavior and social inclusion, and their neural mechanisms. Prosocial compensating behavior showed a linear increase, similar to parent-reported prosocial behavior. There was a peak in ventral striatum activity during prosocial compensating behavior. Neural activity during social inclusion showed quadratic age effects in several brain regions. Changes in prosocial compensating behavior were negatively associated with changes in ventral striatum and mPFC activity during social inclusion.
Article
Neurosciences
Song 'an Shang, Lijuan Wang, Yao Xu, Hongying Zhang, Lanlan Chen, Weiqiang Dou, Xindao Yin, Jing Ye, Yu-Chen Chen
Summary: This study used DKI to accurately characterize the SCN in PD patients and further revealed the neuropathological pattern of SCN-FCN decoupling. The results showed diverse alterations in the topological structure of the SCN and FCN in PD patients, which were also associated with clinical scores.
Article
Neurosciences
Botian Xu, Chau Vu, Matthew Borzage, Clio Gonzalez-Zacarias, Jian Shen, John Wood
Summary: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a prognostic indicator of cerebrovascular health. In this study, a coherence weighted general linear model (CW-GLM) was proposed to estimate CVR from end-tidal CO2 and MRI signals. The CW-GLM method showed remarkable performance in CVR estimation from narrow band signals and also maintained comparable performance in CVR estimation from resting signals. The superiority of the CW-GLM method was demonstrated in both synthetic and in-vivo data, with better agreement between CVR calculated from resting and sinusoidal CO2 paradigms compared to current time-domain methods.
Article
Neurosciences
David Emanuel Vetter, Christoph Zrenner, Paolo Belardinelli, Tuomas Petteri Mutanen, Gabor Kozak, Laura Marzetti, Ulf Ziemann
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between functional connectivity in the motor network and corticospinal excitability using real-time EEG-TMS experiment. The findings suggest that high functional connectivity predicts high corticospinal excitability, but should be considered along with mu-power and stimulus interval.
Article
Neurosciences
Lukas Lorentz, Andre Schueppen, Boris Suchan, Ferdinand Binkofski
Summary: This study aims to examine the effects of stereoscopic vs. monoscopic presentation on neural processing during a visual attention task. The results showed that stereoscopic presentation led to increased activation in the V3A area and elevated activation in the dorsal attention network. Additionally, stereoscopic presentation reduced attentional engagement costs.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziliang Xu, Yingjuan Chang, Chen Wang, Fan Guo, Minwen Zheng, Peng Fang, Yuanqiang Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of sleep deprivation on functional connectivity between the DMN and PVT-RN, and its relationship with intra-individual variability in cognitive performance. The results showed that after sleep deprivation, there was a positive correlation between the functional connectivity and variability of the PVT, with most of the connections involving the precuneus. These findings suggest that sleep deprivation alters the interactions between different brain functions, particularly those involving the precuneus, leading to a decline in cognitive performance.
Article
Neurosciences
Yun Ai, Thomas Hummel, Haoyu Nie, Juan Yang, Pengfei Han
Summary: Acute stress can alter olfactory perception, particularly for pleasant odor stimuli. This study found that acute stress leads to a decrease in brain activation in response to pleasant odors, and this effect may be related to changes in cortisol levels and functional connectivity between brain regions.
Article
Neurosciences
Marine Panzani, Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh, Fabrice Wallois, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz
Summary: During the last trimester of gestation, fetuses and preterm neonates begin to respond to sensory stimulation and discover the structure of their environment. A study showed that as early as 31 weeks gestational age, both preterm and full-term neonates were able to detect violations of regularity in auditory sequences.
Article
Neurosciences
Yonglin Dou, Jing Xia, Mengmeng Fu, Yunpeng Cai, Xianghong Meng, Yang Zhan
Summary: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) provides unique neural data for investigating epileptic brain activities. In this study, we proposed a two-stream model with unsupervised learning and graph convolutional network to localize epileptic zones using SEEG and cortical-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). Our model showed good classification capability compared to other methods. Furthermore, our prediction results revealed distinct network-level pathological characteristics between epileptic and non-epileptic brain areas in different types of focal epilepsy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard Olatunji, Timothy Reynold Lim, Blair Jones, Monica Tafur, Shobhit Mathur, Amy W. Lin, Aditya Bharatha, Suradech Suthiphosuwan
Summary: GLOS is characterized by hyperintense signal in the chambers of the eye on FLAIR and has been associated with blood-ocular barrier breakdown in patients with ischemic strokes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GLOS in an unselected patient population. The occurrence of GLOS was found to be associated with older age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and shorter time interval after gadolinium-based contrast agent injection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Derrek Schartz, Sajal Medha K. Akkipeddi, Redi Rahmani, Nathaniel Ellens, Clifton Houk, Gurkirat Singh Kohli, Logan Worley, Kevin Welle, Tarun Bhalla, Thomas Mattingly, Craig Morrell, Matthew T. Bender
Summary: Thrombus perviousness is associated with complex proteomic features, including differential abundance of platelet-related proteins in highly permeable clots with monocyte/macrophage depletion. This association may help to explain why highly pervious thrombi were also found more susceptible to ADAMTS13-augmented thrombolysis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Akifumi Hagiwara, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Koji Kamagata, Towa Sekine, Kaito Takabayashi, Moto Nakaya, Tomoko Maekawa, Toshiaki Akashi, Akihiko Wada, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Nobutaka Hattori, Shigeki Aoki
Summary: This study investigated the interstitial fluid dynamics in the brains of patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorders (MOGAD). The results suggest that these patients may have impaired glymphatic function, as measured by the ALPS index, which is associated with patient disability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Petrice M. Cogswell, Jay J. Pillai, Giuseppe Lanzino, Kelly D. Flemming
Summary: Using high-quality 7T imaging, it was found that most patients with sporadic cavernous malformations had an associated developmental venous anomaly. These findings suggest that cavernous malformations may arise from hemodynamic abnormalities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
