Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Benjamin Kably, Manon Launay, Audrey Derobertmasure, Sandrine Lefeuvre, Eric Dannaoui, Eliane M. Billaud
Summary: The increasing burden of invasive fungal infections presents growing challenges for antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring. Monitoring drug exposure is crucial for managing fungal infections, especially in highly variable patients. Integrating clinical pharmacology into patient care is increasingly recognized as essential in managing antifungal therapy.
THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ruvini N. K. Ranasinghe, Milly Biswas, Royce P. Vincent
Summary: Prealbumin, a small protein, has been widely studied as a nutritional and prognostic marker. Analytical methodologies have been developed to measure prealbumin with high sensitivity and specificity. Although the routine use of prealbumin in clinical practice remains debatable, it can be used together with other assessment methods to more accurately evaluate malnutrition. Consensus on the clinical applications of prealbumin in the management of malnutrition is needed.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Samira Salari, Mehdi Bamorovat, Iraj Sharifi, Pooya Ghasemi Nejad Almani
Summary: Through reviewing recent original studies, we have identified molecular biomarkers associated with drug resistance in leishmaniasis and thoroughly investigated their geographical distribution in each country. Selection of appropriate treatment modalities is crucial due to the emergence of resistant genes mainly in anthroponotic Leishmania species.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
V. H. Pushpa, M. K. Jayanthi, H. R. Rashmi, Veeresh Kumar N. Shivamurthy, Shashank M. Patil, Prithvi S. Shirahatti, Ramith Ramu
Summary: The ethanol extract of Michelia Champaca leaves (EEMC) demonstrates strong antidepressant and anxiolytic properties, as evidenced by in vivo and in silico studies.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Brian A. Rappold
Summary: This review summarizes the current practices and procedures in method development for a diagnostic assay based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and explores aspects that are generally not discussed, providing a comprehensive resource and inducing critical thinking for the development of clinically meaningful LC-MS/MS assays.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Nathan P. Wiederhold
Summary: This article introduces the importance of emerging fungal infections, antifungal resistance, and fungal co-infections with respiratory pathogens. These infections are challenging for both clinicians and laboratory personnel, and may lead to poor clinical outcomes.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Regis Guieu, Jean Ruf, Giovanna Mottola
Summary: Homocysteine is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid that is synthesized in the methionine cycle. Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
ANNALES DE BIOLOGIE CLINIQUE
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Stephanie E. Reuter, Sophie L. Stocker, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Sara Baldelli, Dario Cattaneo, Graham Jones, Birgit C. P. Koch, Danijela Kocic, Sumith K. Mathew, Mariadelfina Molinaro, Michael Neely, Indy Sandaradura, Deborah J. E. Marriott
Summary: Individualized vancomycin dosing based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data is proven to be more effective than fixed or empirical dosing strategies. Area-under-the-curve (AUC(24))-guided TDM is increasingly supported for vancomycin dosing decisions in patients receiving treatment for more than 48 hours. However, institutional barriers may hinder the implementation of AUC(24)-guided dosing, requiring additional effort to transition from trough-based strategies. Proper documentation, storage, transport, laboratory analysis, and data reporting are essential for appropriate interpretation of TDM data to guide vancomycin dosing recommendations. The International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology provides recommendations for best clinical practice in vancomycin TDM.
THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Alexander N. Garcia, Nancy G. Casanova, Daniel G. Valera, Xiaoguang Sun, Jin H. Song, Carrie L. Kempf, Liliana Moreno-Vinasco, Kimberlie Burns, Tadeo Bermudez, Mia Valdez, Genesis Cuellar, Taylor Gregory, Radu C. Oita, Vivian Reyes Hernon, Christy Barber, Sara M. Camp, Diego Martin, Zhonglin Liu, Christian Bime, Saad Sammani, Anne E. Cress, Joe G. N. Garcia
Summary: This study evaluated eNAMPT as a therapeutic target in radiation pneumonitis, demonstrating that the eNAMPT/TLR4 pathway plays a crucial role in radiation pathobiology, and neutralizing it is an effective strategy to reduce the severity of pneumonitis.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Bozhi Ye, Xiaowen Shi, Jianjiang Xu, Shanshan Dai, Jiajun Xu, Xiaoxi Fan, Bingjiang Han, Jibo Han
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Doxorubicin induces cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in a GSDMD-dependent manner, leading to cardiomyopathy. Deficiency of GSDMD reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Additionally, GSDMD mediates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ki Ho Hong, Gab Jung Kim, Kyoung Ho Roh, Heungsup Sung, Jaehyeon Lee, So Yeon Kim, Taek Soo Kim, Jae-Sun Park, Hee Jae Huh, Younhee Park, Jae-Seok Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Moon-Woo Seong, Nam Hee Ryoo, Sang Hoon Song, Hyukmin Lee, Gye Cheol Kwon, Cheon Kwon Yoo
Summary: The Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine and the Korea Disease Prevention and Control Agency have released updated guidelines for diagnosing COVID-19 in clinical laboratories, including new testing methods and revised recommendations. This update will assist clinical laboratories in performing COVID-19 diagnostic tests.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Junliang Chen, Huaitao Wang, Lei Zhou, Zhihao Liu, Xiaodong Tan
Summary: This study found that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) could be used for the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and had comparable sensitivity and specificity to CA199. Combining CA199 and CTC number could significantly improve the diagnostic performance of PDAC. CTC subtype was inferior to CTC number as a diagnostic marker.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
L. Y. Lois Choy, Wenlei Peng, Peiyong Jiang, Suk Hang Cheng, Stephanie C. Y. Yu, Huimin Shang, O. Y. Olivia Tse, John Wong, Vincent Wai Sun Wong, Grace L. H. Wong, W. K. Jacky Lam, Stephen L. Chan, Rossa W. K. Chiu, K. C. Allen Chan, Y. M. Dennis Lo
Summary: Background analysis of circulating tumor DNA is crucial for cancer care, but previous studies focused on short DNA fragments. Bisulfite sequencing, a traditional method for methylation analysis, causes DNA degradation. This study overcame these limitations using single-molecule sequencing and discovered a previously unknown long cfDNA population.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Oguz Ozbek, Caglar Berkel, Omer Isildak, Ibrahim Isildak
Summary: Urea concentration is important in various areas including medical diagnosis, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. Potentiometric urea biosensors based on enzyme urease have advantages such as rapidity, portability, cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity, easy operation, and simple apparatus. However, each biosensor has its own characteristics and performance parameters, so the selection of the appropriate method depends on the sample, urea concentration range, and specific application requirements.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Pei Luo, Kristen Lednovich, Kai Xu, Chioma Nnyamah, Brian T. Layden, Pingwen Xu
Summary: The human gut microbiota plays a role in obesity, insulin resistance, and the development of type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota have beneficial effects on energy and glucose metabolism. However, the understanding of their involvement in the central nervous system-mediated regulation of metabolism is still limited.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yue Tao, Hui Yan, Yujie Liu, Fang Zhang, Lijuan Luo, Yajuan Zhou, Kang An, Ruwen Yang, Bin Yang, Teng Xu, Li Xie, Hong Ren, Zhuoming Xu, Qing Cao, Xi Mo
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in a large population of children with various types of infectious diseases. The results showed that mNGS had higher sensitivity in pathogen detection compared to standard tests, and it provided more diagnostic information. For critically ill pediatric patients with suspected infection, mNGS tests can provide valuable diagnostic information to guide clinical decision-making.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Maria Lorubbio, Danilo Tacconi, Giovanni Iannelli, Marco Feri, Raffaele Scala, Sara Montemerani, Massimo Mando, Agostino Ognibene
Summary: The new parameter derived from the standard deviation of the monocyte distribution width (MDW) has been proposed as a prognostic and monitoring parameter in severe COVID-19 patients. The study found a significant correlation between Delta MDW and outcome, suggesting that Delta MDW could be used to evaluate patient prognosis. The data reported indicate that MDW could be used, alongside other tests, to support monitoring and surveillance in critically ill patients in the ICU.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Hyung Woo Kim, Mikyoung Park, Jong Ho Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag test in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection and found a sensitivity of 89.2% and a specificity of 96.0%. The Ag test showed significantly lower cycle threshold values in positive patients compared to negative patients. Additionally, the sensitivity of the Ag test was higher in samples with Ct <= 30 and those collected one to five days post symptom onset. In conclusion, the STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag test can serve as an alternative in high-prevalence settings or when rRT-PCR tests are limited.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pongrapee Laorodphun, Rada Cherngwelling, Aussara Panya, Phatchawan Arjinajarn
Summary: The study demonstrated that pre-treatment with CUR could alleviate GM-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by restoring kidney function and reducing oxidative stress, as evidenced by decreased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, increased creatinine clearance, and normalized expression of antioxidant and ER stress markers. CUR's antioxidative properties also contributed to the reduction in ER stress and apoptotic protein biomarkers in the kidney. These findings suggest that CUR could be a potential supplement for preventing nephrotoxicity and other kidney diseases in the future.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Faith L. Anderson, Karl E. Biggs, Brynn E. Rankin, Matthew C. Havrda
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by dysregulated neuro-glial microenvironment and chronic inflammation, which can lead to progressive neuronal loss. The NLRP3 inflammasome has gained interest as a potential target for anti-inflammatory treatments due to its involvement in recognizing pathologic forms of amyloid, tau, and alpha-synuclein. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of how intracellular modifiers and resolution mechanisms regulate inflammasome activation. Further analysis of inflammasome-driven pyroptosis and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases is important for developing effective therapeutics and biomarkers.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
