Medical Laboratory Technology

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

The pathogenesis, epidemiology and biomarkers of susceptibility of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 survivors

Andrea Vianello, Gabriella Guarnieri, Fausto Braccioni, Sara Lococo, Beatrice Molena, Antonella Cecchetto, Chiara Giraudo, Leonardo Bertagna De Marchi, Marco Caminati, Gianenrico Senna

Summary: Pulmonary fibrosis is a key component of the post-acute COVID-19 syndrome that may complicate patients' clinical course. Available data suggest that more than a third of hospitalized COVID-19 patients develop lung fibrotic abnormalities after discharge. Research highlights the importance of risk factors and biomarkers for PF in COVID-19 survivors.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Mettl3 promotes oxLDL-mediated inflammation through activating STAT1 signaling

Zhenwei Li, Qingqing Xu, Ning Huangfu, Xiaomin Chen, Jianhua Zhu

Summary: This study revealed that Mettl3 plays a promoting role in inflammation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) through interacting with STAT1 protein and mRNA in RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting that Mettl3 could be a potential target for the clinical treatment of AS.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)

Vatsala Khurana, Binita Goswami

Summary: This review discusses the metabolic role of ACE in the body and highlights its important role in physiological and pathological processes in various organs. It also suggests the potential involvement of ACE in multiple diseases and calls for further research to explore its use and potential.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Autopsy Histopathologic Cardiac Findings in 2 Adolescents Following the Second COVID-19 Vaccine Dose

James R. Gill, Randy Tashjian, Emily Duncanson

Summary: A study conducted on the autopsy microscopic cardiac findings of two teenage boys who died shortly after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine found that the myocardial injury observed in these cases is different from typical myocarditis and resembles catecholamine-mediated stress cardiomyopathy. Understanding this distinction and the feedback loop between cytokine storm and catecholamines can aid in screening and treatment.

ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Mismatch Repair and Microsatellite Instability Testing for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Guideline From the College of American Pathologists in Collaboration With the Association for Molecular Pathology and Fight Colorectal Cancer

Angela N. Bartley, Anne M. Mills, Eric Konnick, Michael Overman, Christina B. Ventura, Lesley Souter, Carol Colasacco, Zsofia K. Stadler, Sarah Kerr, Brooke E. Howitt, Heather Hampel, Sarah F. Adams, Wenora Johnson, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Antonia R. Sepulveda, Russell R. Broaddus

Summary: This study aims to develop an evidence-based guideline to identify the optimal clinical laboratory test for identifying defects in DNA mismatch repair in patients with solid tumor malignancies who are being considered for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Laboratory Detection and Initial Diagnosis of Monoclonal Gammopathies Guideline From the College of American Pathologists in Collaboration With the American Association for Clinical Chemistry and the American Society for Clinical Pathology

David F. Keren, Gregary Bocsi, Brooke L. Biliman, Joan Etzell, James D. Faix, Shaji Kumar, Brea Lipe, Christopher McCudden, Roberta Montgomery, David L. Murray, Alex Rai, Teresita Cuyegkeng Redondo, Lesley Souter, Christina B. Ventura, Mohammad Qasim Ansari

Summary: This article aims to develop an evidence-based guideline for the initial laboratory detection of M proteins, with nine guideline statements established through a systematic literature review by a panel of experts to optimize sample selection and testing for the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies.

ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Marzie Mahdizade Ari, Mohamad Hosein Mohamadi, Negar Shadab Mehr, Sajjad Abbasimoghaddam, Amirhosein Shekartabar, Mohsen Heidary, Saeed Khoshnood

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and mortality rate of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients. The study found that neurological manifestations are common in patients with COVID-19 and reported a high prevalence of neurological complications and mortality rates. Therefore, COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms should receive early treatment to prevent undesirable events.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Cucurbitacin B regulates lung cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis via inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 pathway through the lncRNA XIST/miR-let-7c axis

Jian-Hua Liu, Chen Li, Liang Cao, Chang-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Hua Zhang

Summary: The study found that Cucurbitacin B (CuB) can regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the XIST/miR-let-7c/IL-6/STAT3 axis.

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Red ginseng polysaccharide exhibits anticancer activity through GPX4 downregulation-induced ferroptosis

Feng-Guo Zhai, Qi-Chao Liang, Yi-Yan Wu, Jia-Qi Liu, Jia-Wei Liu

Summary: This study evaluated the effects of red ginseng polysaccharide (RGP) in cancer cells, finding that RGP inhibited proliferation and induced ferroptosis in lung and breast cancer cells by targeting GPX4.

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Anatomy & Morphology

Prognostic and Clinicopathologic Associations of LAG-3 Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Elisabeth S. Stovgaard, Iben Kumler, Kamille List-jensen, Anne Roslind, Ib J. Christensen, Estrid Hogdall, Dorte Nielsen, Eva Balslev

Summary: The immune checkpoint molecule LAG-3 is being investigated as a potential target for immunotherapy in TNBC, and its expression is associated with improved survival. Coexpression of LAG-3 and PD-L1 does not provide additional benefits in terms of survival.

APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

MiR-150 Expression in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Relation to Imatinib Response

Eman M. Habib, Nahla A. Nosiar, Manal A. Eid, Atef M. Taha, Dalia E. Sherief, Asmaa E. Hassan, Muhammad T. Abdel Ghafar

Summary: The study found that miR-150 expression in patients with CML significantly increased at 14 and 90 days after imatinib treatment, and it had predictive efficacy for ETR.

LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Role of senescence in the chronic health consequences of COVID-19

Erin O. Wissler Gerdes, Greg Vanichkachorn, Brandon P. Verdoorn, Gregory J. Hanson, Avni Y. Joshi, M. Hassan Murad, Stacey A. Rizza, Ryan T. Hurt, Tamar Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland

Summary: COVID-19 can have long-lasting effects on patients, known as Long-Hauler's Syndrome. Older adults are at greater risk for severe outcomes. The aging process may interfere with defenses against viral infection and contribute to increased risk for long-term COVID-19 sequelae. Senolytics and other geroscience interventions may be an option for delaying, preventing, or alleviating Long-Hauler's Syndrome.

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Ellagic acid protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in streptozotocin-diabetic rats by activating AMPK

Jozaa Z. ALTamimi, Ghedeir M. Alshammari, Nora A. AlFaris, Reham Alagal, Dalal H. Aljabryn, Norah A. Albekairi, Mahmoud Ahmad Alkhateeb, Mohammed Abdo Yahya

Summary: Ellagic acid (EA) has anti-steatotic effects in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats, potentially mediated through the AMPK signaling pathway. It reduces blood glucose levels, increases insulin levels, prevents hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreases levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids. It also reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver.

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Hematological changes associated with COVID-19 infection

Enass Abdul Kareem Dagher Al-Saadi, Marwa Ali Abdulnabi

Summary: The unresolved COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health services globally, including in Iraq. Hematological changes, including blood indices and biochemical markers, play a crucial role in diagnosing and predicting outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Monitoring these changes can help identify patients at higher risk of disease progression and severe outcomes.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS (2022)

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Editorial Material Medical Laboratory Technology

The Truth about SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Threshold Values Is Rarely Pure and Never Simple

Daniel D. Rhoads, Benjamin A. Pinsky

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Interferences in immunoassays: review and practical algorithm

Loris Wauthier, Mario Plebani, Julien Favresse

Summary: Immunoassays are commonly used for measurement of complex molecules, but they can be affected by various interferences. Clinical laboratories often handle abnormal results on a case-by-case basis and collaborate with clinicians and manufacturers to ensure improvements.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Obesity and Kidney Function: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Alisa D. Kjaergaard, Alexander Teumer, Daniel R. Witte, Kira-Julia Stanzick, Thomas W. Winkler, Stephen Burgess, Christina Ellervik

Summary: Genetically high BMI is associated with impaired kidney function, driven by adverse obesity, and for albuminuria additionally by T2D.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism

Xin Su, Hua Peng, Xiang Chen, Xijie Wu, Bin Wang

Summary: Hypothyroidism is closely associated with increased serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Thyroid hormones play a role in modulating cholesterol production, transformation, and clearance, but the underlying mechanism of thyroid-stimulating hormone's participation in hyperlipidemia remains unclear. Other studies have shown that hypothyroidism-related hyperlipidemia is associated with down-regulated thyroid hormones and up-regulated thyroid-stimulating hormone in the bloodstream. Additionally, hypothyroidism contributes to dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein particles.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Pre-analytical stability of serum biomarkers for neurological disease: neurofilament-light, glial fibrillary acidic protein and contactin-1

Zoe Y. G. J. van Lierop, Inge M. W. Verberk, Kees W. J. van Uffelen, Marleen J. A. Koel-Simmelink, Lisanne 't Veld, Joep Killestein, Charlotte E. Teunissen

Summary: The study found that most pre-analytical handling variations had little effect on NfL and CNTN1 levels, while GFAP showed good stability under all pre-analytical variables. For sample handling, it is recommended to store serum NfL at room temperature for up to 6 hours or at room temperature for up to 24 hours, and to perform a maximum of two freeze-thaw cycles for serum CNTN1.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Gut microbiota and metabonomics used to explore the mechanism of Qing'e Pills in alleviating osteoporosis

Hui Xie, Zhengying Hua, Mengyu Guo, Shangyang Lin, Yaqian Zhou, Zebin Weng, Li Wu, Zhipeng Chen, Zisheng Xu, Weidong Li

Summary: The traditional Chinese medicine Qing'e Pills (QEP) has been found to regulate gut microbiota and improve bone density in postmenopausal osteoporosis. QEP can potentially inhibit inflammation and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the gut, providing a new treatment approach for osteoporosis.

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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