Infectious Diseases

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Article Infectious Diseases

Evaluation of the Performance of the Dynamiker Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan and Fungitell Assay for Diagnosis of Candidemia: Need for New Cut-off Development and Test Validation

Somayeh Yazdanpanah, Maryam Rahbarmah, Marjan Motamedi, Hossein Khodadadi

Summary: This study compared the clinical characteristics of Fungitell and Dynamiker Fungus assays for diagnosing candidemia. The results showed that the DFA assay performed excellently, with high consistency with the FA assay and superior diagnostic performance.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Longitudinal analysis of the impact of rituximab on circulating EBV miRNAs in three paediatric kidney transplant recipients

Jaythoon Hassan, Gabriel Gonzalez, Maria Stack, Niamh Dolan, Clodagh Sweeney, Cillian De Gascun, Jeff Connell, Atif Awan, Michael Riordan

Summary: This study provides a longitudinal assessment of the impact of rituximab on circulating EBV miRNA expression in three pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Rituximab treatment results in the reduction of EBV miRNA expression and EBV DNA viral loads, but the levels of EBV miRNA increase as circulating B cells repopulate.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS (2024)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Optimizing the use of current antituberculosis drugs to overcome drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Thomas Maitre, Alain Baulard, Alexandra Aubry, Nicolas Veziris

Summary: Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis poses a major threat to global tuberculosis control. Recent research has produced promising compounds that have the potential to change the game in treating multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. However, there are still obstacles preventing these molecules from being used as first-line drugs. Alternative strategies are being evaluated to optimize the utilization of existing antituberculosis agents, with a focus on enhancing the effectiveness of antibiotics against bacterial targets.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Knowledge and perceptions of French community pharmacists and pharmacy students about the papillomavirus vaccine

S. Dahes, M. Damerval, T. Bataillard, Q. Lepiller, V. Nerich

Summary: This study assessed the knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students and community pharmacists in France regarding HPV infection and vaccination. It highlighted the need for practical training and the involvement of pharmacists in public health policies to improve vaccination coverage.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Using a commercially available assay that measures cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T-cell immunity to predict protection against CMV: A prospective, blinded clinical study

Nouf K. Almaghlouth, Panagiotis Arvanitis, Kendra Vieira, Abby London, Dimitrios Farmakiotis

Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the Viracor CMV-T-cell immunity Panel (TCIP) in predicting CMV events. The results showed that CMV-specific CD4+ and CD8(+)T-cells were significantly lower in those with CMV events, and the TCIP could be a useful adjunct tool in individualized management of CMV infection.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The pathology biopsy represents the gold standard for diagnosis: a case report

Linzhen Zhu, Haoting Zhang, Haibo Gu, Jianying Zhou

Summary: This case report describes a 70-year-old male patient with previously unknown immunodeficiency. Multiple pulmonary nodular shadows were observed on radiography. Fungal infection was detected in various samples, and the patient was ultimately diagnosed with disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infection and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The main significance of this study is to emphasize the importance for clinicians to obtain comprehensive specimens from patients presenting with multiple masses in order to ensure accurate clinical diagnosis.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The effects of switching from ceftriaxone to cefotaxime on the occurrence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial

Kevin Bouiller, Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore, Didier Hocquet, Thomas Crepin, Daniel Wendling, Sophie Borot, Catherine Chirouze, Xavier Bertrand

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing ceftriaxone with cefotaxime on the incidence of third generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GC-RE). The results showed that replacing ceftriaxone with cefotaxime reduced the occurrence of 3GC-RE isolates.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Preparing for laboratory automation and consolidation-Establishing the validity of pediatric-like low-volume urine samples in boric-acid containing tubes

Or Kriger, Natasha Belausov, Shiraz Gefen-Halevi, Nadezda Savieva, Sharon Amit

Summary: This study demonstrates that the usage of preservative-containing urine tubes may inhibit pathogens in low-volume pediatric urine samples, resulting in false-negative results. We advocate for large-scale validations by regulators to ensure result consistency.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Evaluation of two automated real-time PCR-based quantification methods for whole blood Epstein-Barr viral load

Ellen Vancutsem, Florence Crombe, Oriane Soetens, Magali Wautier, Corinna Dordelmann, Denis Pierard, Ingrid Wybo, Thomas Demuyser

Summary: Quantification of EBV DNA is crucial in transplantation settings for post-transplantation diagnosis. This study evaluated the performance of the AltoStar (R) EBV PCR Kit 1.5 on whole blood samples and found it to be reliable and accurate, with good sensitivity and linear range for EBV viral load determination.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Review Infectious Diseases

The importance of COVID-19 vaccination during lactation

Maria Isabel Valverde-Merino, Manuel Gomez-Guzman, Celia Piquer-Martinez, Maria Dolores Cabezas Lopez, Maria Jose Zarzuelo

Summary: The World Health Organization strongly advocates for breastfeeding as the primary source of infant nutrition for the benefit of maternal and child health. While COVID-19 has emerged as a global health concern, vaccines have been developed as preventive measures. However, the decision to authorize COVID-19 vaccines for infants under six months old has been delayed. Research indicates that breastfeeding during this period offers a higher benefit-risk balance at the immunological level, with low perception of adverse effects and minimal transmission of substances from mother to child. Various organizations and societies recommend vaccination for breastfeeding women, as COVID-19 vaccines have proven to be safe and effective.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW (2024)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Genomic and phenotypic diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in 25 health districts in Burkina Faso between January 2016 and December 2019

Issa Tonde, Juliette Tranchot-Diallo, Dinanibe Kambire, Absatou Ky-Ba, Mahamoudou Sanou, Idrissa Sanou, Rasmata Ouedraogo-Traore

INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW (2024)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Validation of dried blood spot for serological diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C: a multicentric study

Arati Mane, Reshu Agarwal, Meenu Bajpai, Suvarna Sane, Pallavi Vidhate, Partha Rakshit, Preeti Madan, Hema Gogia, Priya Abraham, Sandhya Kabra, Ekta Gupta

Summary: The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of dried blood spot (DBS) for HBsAg and anti-HCV detection using CLIA in three different laboratories across India. DBS can be a simple and convenient alternative to plasma or serum for HBsAg detection, but site-specific validation of the assay is necessary for anti-HCV detection.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Efficient implementation of hepatitis B surface antigen confirmatory neutralization tests

Hitoshi Yonezawa, Shingo Tanaka, Makito Tanaka, Ryo Kobayashi, Satoshi Takahashi

Summary: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for false positives in high-sensitivity HBsAg quantitative tests and reduce the need for neutralization tests. The results showed that younger age, female sex, lower HBsAg values, and reagent improvement were independent risk factors for false positives. The false-positive rate was highest in the range of 0.005-0.049 IU/mL.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Influence of age, IGRA results, and inflammatory markers on mortality in hospitalized tuberculosis patients

Nobuaki Kobayashi, Katsushi Tanaka, Suguru Muraoka, Kohei Somekawa, Ayami Kaneko, Sousuke Kubo, Hiromi Matsumoto, Hiroaki Fujii, Keisuke Watanabe, Nobuyuki Horita, Yu Hara, Takeshi Kaneko

Summary: This study identified age, a negative T-SPOT.TB result, elevated CRP levels, and a high NLR as significant independent risk factors for death in hospitalized TB patients. These findings underscore the importance of these parameters in the risk stratification and management of hospitalized TB patients.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric biopsy by rapid urease test, histopathology and Raman spectroscopy

Syed Iqbal Haider, Naeem Akhtar, Muhammad Saleem, Sheraz Ahmed, Shiza Nadeem, Maham Amjad, Faiz Ul Haq

Summary: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic potential of Raman spectroscopy with rapid urease test and histopathology in diagnosing H. pylori infection. The results showed that Raman spectroscopy had higher sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity compared to the rapid urease test and histopathology. This study demonstrates the applicability of Raman spectroscopy as an innovative detection tool for molecular diagnosis of H. pylori infection in gastritis.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Original Identifying breeding hosts of Ixodes ricinus ticks using stable isotope analysis of their larvae - Proof of concept

Saana Sipari, Mikko Kiljunen, Minna Nylund, Eva R. Kallio

Summary: This study introduces a stable isotope analysis method to directly identify tick breeding hosts by sampling field collected larvae. The results show that stable isotope signatures can reflect the diet of the breeding host of the mother tick.

TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES (2024)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Life-expectancy changes from 2019 to 22: A case study of Japan using provisional death count

Mst S. Munira, Yuta Okada, Hiroshi Nishiura

Summary: This study estimates the life expectancy at birth in Japan at the end of 2022 using death datasets from Aichi and Fukui prefectures. The results suggest that the impact of the pandemic on life expectancy was relatively small by the end of 2022.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2024)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Evaluation of occupational health and safety intervention for the waste and sanitation workers in Bangladesh during COVID-19

Dewan Muhammad Shoaib, Tanvir Ahmed, Kazy Farhat Tabassum, Mehedi Hasan, Fazle Sharior, Mahbubur Rahman, Makfie Farah, Md Azizur Rahman, Alauddin Ahmed, James B. Tidwell, Mahbub-Ul Alam

Summary: An intervention was implemented in Bangladesh during COVID-19 to reduce occupational health risks for waste and sanitation workers. The intervention involved training and distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE). The study found that the intervention improved workers' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding PPE usage.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH (2024)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Molecular detection of pre-ribosomal RNAs of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to enhance pre-clinical tuberculosis drug and vaccine development

Ming Chang, Sambasivan Venkatasubramanian, Holly Barrett, Kevin B. Urdahl, Kris M. Weigel, Gerard A. Cangelosi, Javeed A. Shah, Aparajita Saha, Libing Feng, Kristin N. Adams, David R. Sherman, Nahum Smith, Chetan Seshadri, Sean C. Murphy, James G. Kublin

Summary: Efforts are being made globally to develop vaccines and drugs against M. tuberculosis. This study developed a real-time RT-PCR assay to detect pre-rRNA as a biomarker for bacterial viability. The assay showed promising results in mouse models, indicating its potential in future clinical studies for tuberculosis drugs and vaccines.

DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2024)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Severe viral lower respiratory tract infections in Brazilian children: Clinical features of a national cohort

Rodrigo C. Menezes, Isabella B. B. Ferreira, Luciana Sobral, Stefania L. Garcia, Hugo N. Pustilnik, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Bruno B. Andrade

Summary: This study aimed to identify the clinical features associated with viral pathogens responsible for severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children. The study found that different viral agents have distinct associations with clinical features in children.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2024)

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