Review
Environmental Sciences
Martin Hartmann, Johan Six
Summary: Soil structure, the soil microbiome, and ecosystem functioning are closely interconnected. This review explores the connections between these factors and the impact of management strategies on them in agroecosystems. The soil microbiome plays a crucial role in determining soil fertility, crop productivity, and stress tolerance in agroecosystems. The microbiome is intricately linked with soil structure, which regulates the flow of water, oxygen, and nutrients. Agricultural practices can alter soil structure, thereby affecting microbial processes, which in turn have significant consequences such as soil erosion, reduced fertility, and increased greenhouse gas emissions.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Kok-Kwang Phoon, Jianye Ching, Takayuki Shuku
Summary: Data-driven site characterisation, relying solely on measured data for site description, is crucial for industries undergoing rapid digital transformation. Challenges include data quality, accuracy, and practicality in application.
GEORISK-ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF RISK FOR ENGINEERED SYSTEMS AND GEOHAZARDS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rahebeh Abedi, Romulus Costache, Hossein Shafizadeh-Moghadam, Quoc Bao Pham
Summary: This article used different models to analyze the flash-flood susceptibility in the Basca Chiojdului River Basin in Romania, highlighting slope as the most important factor triggering flash floods and identifying the central part of the basin as more susceptible to flash flooding.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bing Bai, Yan Wang, Dengyu Rao, Fan Bai
Summary: The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method was used to simulate heat transfer in porous media at the pore scale, and the effective thermal conductivity of porous media was predicted through SPH simulation experiments. The accuracy of the SPH simulation experiments was verified by comparing the predicted values with reference values. Additionally, a concise method was proposed to generate unsaturated media based on the SPH framework.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Piero Poli, Nikolai M. Shapiro
Summary: Most volcanic activity occurs in remote areas, making our monitoring capacity limited. This study presents a method based on seismic analysis to rapidly identify and estimate key parameters of large volcanic eruptions. The analysis of the Hunga Tonga Ha'apai eruption indicates that it is among the largest recorded volcanic activity and provides new insights into the physics of large eruptions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Timothy O. Hodson
Summary: The root-mean-squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) are commonly used metrics for evaluating models, but there is confusion regarding their use and no single metric is inherently better in all cases.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaowo Xu, Xiaoling Zhang, Tianwen Zhang
Summary: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites are widely used in maritime monitoring due to their ability to provide microwave remote sensing images without weather and light constraints. However, deploying deep learning-based SAR ship detection methods on satellites is challenging due to their complex models and high computational requirements. In this study, we propose Lite-YOLOv5, a lightweight on-board SAR ship detector based on the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) algorithm. Lite-YOLOv5 reduces the model volume, decreases the floating-point operations (FLOPs), and achieves on-board ship detection without sacrificing accuracy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Binh Thai Pham, Tran Van Phong, Trung Nguyen-Thoi, Kajori Parial, Sushant K. Singh, Hai-Bang Ly, Kien Trung Nguyen, Lanh Si Ho, Hiep Van Le, Indra Prakash
Summary: In this study, five spatially explicit ensemble predictive machine learning models were developed for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Van Chan district of Vietnam. The results showed that the RSSFT model performed the best in predicting future landslides and was found to be more robust than the other studied models.
GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Runa Magnusson, Mark J. Lara, Gerald Frost, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Jacobus van Huissteden, M. Torre Jorgenson, Alexander N. Fedorov, Howard E. Epstein, David M. Lawrence, Juul Limpens
Summary: Tundra vegetation in the Arctic responds rapidly to climate change, which can in turn impact permafrost thaw. Local vegetation changes are influenced by permafrost ice content, with woody vegetation increasing in ice-poor uplands and graminoids replacing woody vegetation in ice-rich lowlands. These changes contribute to regional greening trends, but interpretation is complex. Increases in vegetation cover and height mitigate permafrost thaw in summer but increase soil temperatures in winter. Strong vegetation-soil feedbacks currently alleviate thaw-related disturbances, but if the frequency exceeds recovery capacity, irreversible changes to Arctic ecosystems could occur. Field studies integrating ecological and geophysical assessments are crucial in understanding vegetation-soil-permafrost interactions.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Geography, Physical
Qiqi Zhu, Xi Guo, Weihuan Deng, Sunan Shi, Qingfeng Guan, Yanfei Zhong, Liangpei Zhang, Deren Li
Summary: A novel semantic change detection framework called Siam-GL was proposed for HSR remote sensing images. The Siam-GL framework effectively extracts representative features of bi-temporal HSR remote sensing images through Siamese architecture and global hierarchical sampling mechanism. Experimental results demonstrated that the Siam-GL framework outperforms advanced semantic change detection methods in terms of both quantity and quality.
ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Cheng Fang, Yiwei Ping, Yiyi Chen, M. C. H. Yam, Junbai Chen, Wei Wang
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid self-centering system that aims to overcome critical shortcomings found in existing solutions. By incorporating shape memory alloy elements and integrated viscoelastic dampers, the system effectively controls peak and residual deformation, as well as floor acceleration. The study also conducts a parametric analysis and provides design recommendations, along with proposing a probability-based residual deformation prediction model.
JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nandita B. Basu, Kimberly J. Van Meter, Danyka K. Byrnes, Philippe Van Cappellen, Roy Brouwer, Brian H. Jacobsen, Jerker Jarsjo, David L. Rudolph, Maria C. Cunha, Natalie Nelson, Ruchi Bhattacharya, Georgia Destouni, Soren Boye Olsen
Summary: Agricultural nitrogen legacies are causing delays in improving water quality, highlighting the need for comprehensive management strategies to address these issues and ensure better environmental outcomes.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wengang Zhang, Xin Gu, Libin Tang, Yueping Yin, Dongsheng Liu, Yanmei Zhang
Summary: The so-called Fourth Paradigm has led to the availability of large volumes of observational data for scientists and engineers. The concept of big data aligns well with geoengineering and geoscience, and machine learning, deep learning, and optimization algorithms offer insights into geotechnical problems. This review paper comprehensively summarizes the state-of-the-art applications of these algorithms in geoengineering and geoscience and provides guidelines for researchers and engineers in integrating and applying these methods.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yuanhao Xu, Caihong Hu, Qiang Wu, Shengqi Jian, Zhichao Li, Youqian Chen, Guodong Zhang, Zhaoxi Zhang, Shuli Wang
Summary: This study proposes a deep learning neural network model based on LSTM networks and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to improve flood forecast accuracy and lead time. The model outperforms other models at different stations in the watersheds and is particularly effective for flood forecasting with lead times exceeding 6 hours.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Reza Sarkhani Benemaran, Mahzad Esmaeili-Falak, Hooshang Katebi
Summary: This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical models for the behavior of isotropic and anisotropic pile-stabilized sandy slopes under surcharge loads. The aim is to determine the optimal arrangement of pile rows about factors influencing the response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Qiang Feng, Jichao Jin, Shuang Zhang, Weiwei Liu, Xuxu Yang, Weiteng Li
Summary: The study found that with an increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles, the elastic modulus, peak strength and wave velocity of yellow sandstones gradually decrease, while the peak strain and porosity increase. An energy evolution law with different freeze-thaw cycles was analyzed, a freeze-thaw damage model was established, and a functional relationship between mesoscopic parameters and freeze-thaw cycles was formulated.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bilal, Irfan Khan, Duojiao Tan, Waseem Azam, Syed Tauseef Hassan
Summary: In the past few years, there has been a significant focus on investigating the ecological footprint and its determining factors. However, some crucial determinants have not been adequately addressed in the existing literature. This study examines the impact of alternative energy sources on Germany's environmental quality, using government expenditures, inflation dynamics, and economic growth as moderator variables.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yongsheng Yao, Jue Li, Junjun Ni, Chenghao Liang, Anshun Zhang
Summary: The study found that gravel shape has a greater impact on the shear strength of soil-rock mixture (SRM) than gravel content, and the discrete element method can accurately predict the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of the material. As gravel content increases, the contribution of contact force within gravel particles increases, and the interlocking work has a nonlinear positive correlation with the increase of sphericity.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zahoor Ahmed, Mahmood Ahmad, Muntasir Murshed, Muhammad Ibrahim Shah, Haider Mahmood, Shujaat Abbas
Summary: Both the increase in share of green energy and public sector investments in renewable energy development and technological innovation are crucial for enhancing renewable energy supply shares and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This study investigates the effect of these factors, along with trade globalization, on renewable energy supply shares and carbon dioxide emissions in the G7 countries. The results highlight the importance of higher public investments in renewable energy and technological innovation, as well as the role of trade globalization, in achieving sustainable development goals related to green energy transition and environmental sustainability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
L. Millan, M. L. Santee, A. Lambert, N. J. Livesey, F. Werner, M. J. Schwartz, H. C. Pumphrey, G. L. Manney, Y. Wang, H. Su, L. Wu, W. G. Read, L. Froidevaux
Summary: After the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption on 15 January 2022, anomalous stratospheric values of trace gases were observed, including H2O, SO2, and HCl. The injection of these gases was confirmed by trajectories and radiance simulations. The magnitude and altitude of the H2O injection were unprecedented, with a mass estimate of 146 +/- 5 Tg, which could have long-lasting impacts on climate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
