Genetics & Heredity

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Abiotic stress responses in plants

Huiming Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Zhizhong Gong, Jian-Kang Zhu

Summary: Plants face abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, which greatly impact their distribution, growth, and crop productivity. Recent research has revealed the complex molecular mechanisms involved in plants' responses to these stresses, including sensing, signaling, transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. This knowledge can be utilized to enhance crop resilience and sustainability through genetic, chemical, and microbial approaches.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Celine Bellenguez, Fahri Kucukali, Iris E. Jansen, Luca Kleineidam, Sonia Moreno-Grau, Najaf Amin, Adam C. Naj, Rafael Campos-Martin, Benjamin Grenier-Boley, Victor Andrade, Peter A. Holmans, Anne Boland, Vincent Damotte, Sven J. van der Lee, Marcos R. Costa, Teemu Kuulasmaa, Qiong Yang, Itziar De Rojas, Joshua C. Bis, Amber Yaqub, Ivana Prokic, Julien Chapuis, Shahzad Ahmad, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Dag Aarsland, Pablo Garcia-Gonzalez, Carla Abdelnour, Emilio Alarcon-Martin, Daniel Alcolea, Montserrat Alegret, Ignacio Alvarez, Victoria Alvarez, Nicola J. Armstrong, Anthoula Tsolaki, Carmen Antunez, Ildebrando Appollonio, Marina Arcaro, Silvana Archetti, Alfonso Arias Pastor, Beatrice Arosio, Lavinia Athanasiu, Henri Bailly, Nerisa Banaj, Miquel Baquero, Sandra Barral, Alexa Beiser, Ana Belen Pastor, Jennifer E. Below, Penelope Benchek, Luisa Benussi, Claudine Berr, Celine Besse, Valentina Bessi, Giuliano Binetti, Alessandra Bizarro, Rafael Blesa, Merce Boada, Eric Boerwinkle, Barbara Borroni, Silvia Boschi, Paola Bossu, Geir Brathen, Jan Bressler, Catherine Bresner, Henry Brodaty, Keeley J. Brookes, Luis Ignacio Brusco, Dolores Buiza-Rueda, Katharina Burger, Vanessa Burholt, William S. Bush, Miguel Calero, Laura B. Cantwell, Genevieve Chene, Jaeyoon Chung, Michael L. Cuccaro, Roberta Cecchetti, Laura Cervera-Carles, Camille Charbonnier, Hung-Hsin Chen, Caterina Chillotti, Simona Ciccone, Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen, Christopher Clark, Elisa Conti, Anais Corma-Gomez, Emanuele Costantini, Carlo Custodero, Delphine Daian, Maria Carolina Dalmasso, Antonio Daniele, Efthimios Dardiotis, Jean-Francois Dartigues, Peter Paul de Deyn, Katia de Paiva Lopes, Lot D. De Witte, Stephanie Debette, Jurgen Deckert, Teodoro del Ser, Nicola Denning, Anita Destefano, Martin Dichgans, Janine Diehl-Schmid, Monica Diez-Fairen, Paolo Dionigi Rossi, Srdjan Djurovic, Emmanuelle Duron, Emrah Duzel, Carole Dufouil, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Valentina Escott-Price, Ana Espinosa, Michael Ewers, Kelley M. Faber, Tagliavini Fabrizio, Sune Fallgaard Nielsen, David W. Fardo, Lucia Farotti, Chiara Fenoglio, Marta Fernandez-Fuertes, Raffaele Ferrari, Catarina B. Ferreira, Evelyn Ferri, Bertrand Fin, Peter Fischer, Tormod Fladby, Klaus Fliessbach, Bernard Fongang, Myriam Fornage, Juan Fortea, Tatiana M. Foroud, Silvia Fostinelli, Nick C. Fox, Emlio Franco-Macias, Maria J. Bullido, Ana Frank-Garcia, Lutz Froelich, Brian Fulton-Howard, Daniela Galimberti, Jose Maria Garcia-Alberca, Sebastian Garcia-Madrona, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Roberta Ghidoni, Ina Giegling, Giaccone Giorgio, Alison M. Goate, Oliver Goldhardt, Duber Gomez-Fonseca, Antonio Gonzalez-Perez, Caroline Graff, Giulia Grande, Emma Green, Timo Grimmer, Edna Grunblatt, Michelle Grunin, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamar Guetta-Baranes, Annakaisa Haapasalo, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Jonathan L. Haines, Kara L. Hamilton-Nelson, Harald Hampel, Olivier Hanon, John Hardy, Annette M. Hartmann, Lucrezia Hausner, Janet Harwood, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Seppo Helisalmi, Michael T. Heneka, Isabel Hernandez, Martin J. Herrmann, Per Hoffmann, Clive Holmes, Henne Holstege, Raquel Huerto Vilas, Marc Hulsman, Jack Humphrey, Geert Jan Biessels, Xueqiu Jian, Charlotte Johansson, Gyungah R. Jun, Yuriko Kastumata, John Kauwe, Patrick G. Kehoe, Lena Kilander, Anne Kinhult Stahlbom, Miia Kivipelto, Anne Koivisto, Johannes Kornhuber, Mary H. Kosmidis, Walter A. Kukull, Pavel P. Kuksa, Brian W. Kunkle, Amanda B. Kuzma, Carmen Lage, Erika J. Laukka, Lenore Launer, Alessandra Lauria, Chien-Yueh Lee, Jenni Lehtisalo, Ondrej Lerch, Alberto Lleo, William Longstreth, Oscar Lopez, Adolfo Lopez de Munain, Seth Love, Malin Lowemark, Lauren Luckcuck, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Yiyi Ma, Juan Macias, Catherine A. Macleod, Wolfgang Maier, Francesca Mangialasche, Marco Spallazzi, Marta Marquie, Rachel Marshall, Eden R. Martin, Angel Martin Montes, Carmen Martinez Rodriguez, Carlo Masullo, Richard Mayeux, Simon Mead, Patrizia Mecocci, Miguel Medina, Alun Meggy, Shima Mehrabian, Silvia Mendoza, Manuel Menendez-Gonzalez, Pablo Mir, Susanne Moebus, Merel Mol, Laura Molina-Porcel, Laura Montrreal, Laura Morelli, Fermin Moreno, Kevin Morgan, Thomas Mosley, Markus M. Nothen, Carolina Muchnik, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, Benedetta Nacmias, Tiia Ngandu, Gael Nicolas, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Robert Olaso, Adelina Orellana, Michela Orsini, Gemma Ortega, Alessandro Padovani, Caffarra Paolo, Goran Papenberg, Lucilla Parnetti, Florence Pasquier, Pau Pastor, Gina Peloso, Alba Perez-Cordon, Jordi Perez-Tur, Pierre Pericard, Oliver Peters, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Juan A. Pineda, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll, Laudia Pisanu, Thomas Polak, Julius Popp, Danielle Posthuma, Josef Priller, Raquel Puerta, Olivier Quenez, Ines Quintela, Jesper Qvist Thomassen, Alberto Rabano, Innocenzo Rainero, Farid Rajabli, Inez Ramakers, Luis M. Real, Marcel J. T. Reinders, Christiane Reitz, Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer, Perry Ridge, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Peter Riederer, Natalia Roberto, Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Arvid Rongve, Irene Rosas Allende, Maitee Rosende-Roca, Jose Luis Royo, Elisa Rubino, Dan Rujescu, Maria Eugenia Saez, Paraskevi Sakka, Ingvild Saltvedt, Maria Bernal Sanchez-Arjona, Florentino Sanchez-Garcia, Pascual Sanchez Juan, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Sigrid B. Sando, Chloe Sarnowski, Claudia L. Satizabal, Michela Scamosci, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Elio Scarpini, Philip Scheltens, Norbert Scherbaum, Martin Scherer, Matthias Schmid, Anja Schneider, Jonathan M. Schott, Geir Selbaek, Davide Seripa, Manuel Serrano, Jin Sha, Alexey A. Shadrin, Olivia Skrobot, Susan Slifer, Gijsje J. L. Snijders, Hilkka Soininen, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Alina Solomon, Yeunjoo Song, Sandro Sorbi, Oscar Sotolongo-Grau, Gianfranco Spalletta, Annika Spottke, Alessio Squassina, Eystein Stordal, Juan Pablo Tartan, Lluis Tarraga, Niccolo Tesi, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Tegos Thomas, Giuseppe Tosto, Latchezar Traykov, Lucio Tremolizzo, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Andre Uitterlinden, Abbe Ullgren, Ingun Ulstein, Sergi Valero, Otto Valladares, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Jeffery Vance, Badri N. Vardarajan, Aad van der Lugt, Jasper Van Dongen, Jeroen van Rooij, John van Swieten, Rik Vandenberghe, Frans Verhey, Jean-Sebastien Vidal, Jonathan Vogelgsang, Martin Vyhnalek, Michael Wagner, David Wallon, Li-San Wang, Ruiqi Wang, Leonie Weinhold, Jens Wiltfang, Gill Windle, Bob Woods, Mary Yannakoulia, Habil Zare, Yi Zhao, Xiaoling Zhang, Congcong Zhu, Miren Zulaica, Lindsay A. Farrer, Bruce M. Psaty, Mohsen Ghanbari, Towfique Raj, Perminder Sachdev, Karen Mather, Frank Jessen, M. Arfan Ikram, Alexandre de Mendonca, Jakub Hort, Magda Tsolaki, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Philippe Amouyel, Julie Williams, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Jordi Clarimon, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Giacomina Rossi, Sudha Seshadri, Ole A. Andreassen, Martin Ingelsson, Mikko Hiltunen, Kristel Sleegers, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Rebecca Sims, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Agustin Ruiz, Alfredo Ramirez, Jean-Charles Lambert

Summary: By characterizing the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, new loci have been identified and a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer's disease and dementia has been generated.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Drug delivery systems for RNA therapeutics

Kalina Paunovska, David Loughrey, James E. Dahlman

Summary: This article provides an overview of the importance of RNA-based gene therapy and describes the molecular mechanisms of RNA therapies and different drug delivery systems. It also discusses the path from preclinical research to clinical approval for these therapies.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

The genetics of obesity: from discovery to biology

Ruth J. F. Loos, Giles S. H. Yeo

Summary: In this review, Loos and Yeo summarize our current understanding of the genetic underpinnings of monogenic and polygenic obesity, highlighting shared genetic and biological underpinnings between the two forms of obesity. Genome-wide association studies with increasing sample sizes have driven recent discoveries, with post-GWAS collaborations facilitating translation of genetic loci into meaningful biology and new treatment avenues.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Human organs-on-chips for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine

Donald E. Ingber

Summary: This Review discusses the types of single and multiple human organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices and their diverse applications for disease modeling, drug development, and personalized medicine. It also addresses the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to reach their full potential and discusses recent advances in the field.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Review Ecology

Rewriting results sections in the language of evidence

Stefanie Muff, Erlend B. Nilsen, Robert B. O'Hara, Chloe R. Nater

Summary: Despite criticism, the black-or-white null-hypothesis significance testing with an arbitrary P-value cutoff remains the standard way to report scientific findings. However, a lack of knowledge about suitable alternatives hampers progress. This study suggests using a language of evidence as a simpler and more intuitive alternative, which allows for a more nuanced approach in communicating scientific findings.

TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors

Karan Kohli, Venu G. Pillarisetty, Teresa S. Kim

Summary: Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors and their interactions with chemokine receptors play a crucial role in tumor growth and the balance between effector and immunosuppressive cells. This review discusses the implications of dysregulated chemokine signaling in the tumor microenvironment and the potential for targeting chemokine signaling in cancer immunotherapy.

CANCER GENE THERAPY (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Emerging concepts of miRNA therapeutics: from cells to clinic

Caroline Diener, Andreas Keller, Eckart Meese

Summary: In this review, the main challenges and strategies for the therapeutic application of miRNAs are discussed, with particular emphasis on approaches that have already been studied clinically.

TRENDS IN GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

A Novel Cuproptosis-Related Prognostic Gene Signature and Validation of Differential Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Zilong Bian, Rong Fan, Lingmin Xie

Summary: This study systematically evaluated the genetic alterations of cuproptosis-related genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and constructed a prognostic signature of these genes. The results suggest that the cuproptosis-related gene signature may serve as a potential prognostic predictor for ccRCC patients and is associated with immune infiltration levels and PD-1 expression.

GENES (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Combined effects of host genetics and diet on human gut microbiota and incident disease in a single population cohort

Youwen Qin, Aki S. Havulinna, Yang Liu, Pekka Jousilahti, Scott C. Ritchie, Alex Tokolyi, Jon G. Sanders, Liisa Valsta, Marta Brozynska, Qiyun Zhu, Anupriya Tripathi, Yoshiki Vazquez-Baeza, Rohit Loomba, Susan Cheng, Mohit Jain, Teemu Niiranen, Leo Lahti, Rob Knight, Veikko Salomaa, Michael Inouye, Guillaume Meric

Summary: A study conducted on a large population-based cohort of 5,959 Finnish individuals identified genetic variations associated with gut microbial abundances. The study found 567 independent SNP-taxon associations, including associations with LCT, ABO, and MED13L genes. The findings shed light on the complex interactions between host genetics and gut microbiota, and their potential role in disease development.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Inference of CRISPR Edits from Sanger Trace Data

David Conant, Tim Hsiau, Nicholas Rossi, Jennifer Oki, Travis Maures, Kelsey Waite, Joyce Yang, Sahil Joshi, Reed Kelso, Kevin Holden, Brittany L. Enzmann, Rich Stoner

Summary: ICE is a tool for analyzing CRISPR edits using Sanger data, providing a fast, accurate, and affordable way to assess the genotype after editing. It proposes potential editing outcomes and determines the data-supported results through regression analysis. ICE can analyze CRISPR experiments within days after transfection and produces accurate estimates of editing outcomes in various benchmarks and existing tools.

CRISPR JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

GNB3 c.825c>T polymorphism influences T-cell but not antibody response following vaccination with the mRNA-1273 vaccine

Ieva Ciuciulkaite, Birte Moehlendick, Laura Thuemmler, Neslinur Fisenkci, Carina Elsner, Ulf Dittmer, Winfried Siffert, Monika Lindemann

Summary: The study reveals that carriers of the CC genotype of the GNB3 c.825C > T polymorphism exhibit enhanced T-cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination with mRNA-1273, suggesting better T-cell-mediated protection against COVID-19.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

ResFinder-an open online resource for identification of antimicrobial resistance genes in next- generation sequencing data and prediction of phenotypes from genotypes

Alfred Ferrer Florensa, Rolf Sommer Kaas, Philip Thomas Lanken Conradsen Clausen, Derya Aytan-Aktug, Frank M. Aarestrup

Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, and accurately identifying resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes is crucial. The CGE-tools provide accessible bioinformatic tools for researchers and microbiologists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to perform simple analyses.

MICROBIAL GENOMICS (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance

Maximilian H. Fitz-James, Giacomo Cavalli

Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that non-DNA sequence-based epigenetic information can be inherited across generations in various organisms. Recent research has uncovered the signals and mechanisms underlying these epimutations, which vary among species and have a limited effect in mammals. However, common principles are emerging, with transmission occurring through direct replication or indirect reconstruction of the signals. This research improves our understanding of the contribution of DNA sequence and epigenetic variation to heritable phenotypic differences.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Histone post-translational modifications - cause and consequence of genome function

Gonzalo Millan-Zambrano, Adam Burton, Andrew J. Bannister, Robert Schneider

Summary: This Review discusses the impact of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) on DNA processes and emphasizes their role in genome regulation. It explores the different ways in which PTMs can influence DNA-templated processes, such as transcription, recombination, replication, DNA repair, and genomic architecture. The review also highlights important advances in understanding how histone PTMs can exert direct or indirect effects on genome function.

NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Polygenic prediction of educational attainment within and between families from genome-wide association analyses in 3 million individuals

Aysu Okbay, Yeda Wu, Nancy Wang, Hariharan Jayashankar, Michael Bennett, Seyed Moeen Nehzati, Julia Sidorenko, Hyeokmoon Kweon, Grant Goldman, Tamara Gjorgjieva, Yunxuan Jiang, Barry Hicks, Chao Tian, David A. Hinds, Rafael Ahlskog, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Sven Oskarsson, Caroline Hayward, Archie Campbell, David J. Porteous, Jeremy Freese, Pamela Herd, Chelsea Watson, Jonathan Jala, Dalton Conley, Philipp D. Koellinger, Magnus Johannesson, David Laibson, Michelle N. Meyer, James J. Lee, Augustine Kong, Loic Yengo, David Cesarini, Patrick Turley, Peter M. Visscher, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Daniel J. Benjamin, Alexander Young

Summary: In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to investigate the genetic factors associated with educational attainment (EA). The results identified numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are significantly correlated with EA. Furthermore, a polygenic predictor (PGI) was found to explain a substantial portion of the variation in EA and contribute to disease risk prediction. Intriguingly, the correlation between mate-pair PGIs suggests additional assortment mechanisms. However, no significant SNPs were identified in separate analyses of dominance deviations and the X-chromosome.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

FlyBase: a guided tour of highlighted features

L. Sian Gramates, Julie Agapite, Helen Attrill, Brian R. Calvi, Madeline A. Crosby, Gilberto dos Santos, Joshua L. Goodman, Damien Goutte-Gattat, Victoria K. Jenkins, Thomas Kaufman, Aoife Larkin, Beverley B. Matthews, Gillian Millburn, Victor B. Strelets

Summary: As FlyBase celebrates its fourth decade, it highlights its unique aspects and expresses its commitment to collaborate with other research communities. They emphasize the reports and tools dedicated to fly researchers' needs and provide multiple avenues for researchers to interact with FlyBase.

GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Assessing the contribution of rare variants to complex trait heritability from whole-genome sequence data

Pierrick Wainschtein, Deepti Jain, Zhili Zheng, L. Adrienne Cupples, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Barbara McKnight, Benjamin M. Shoemaker, Braxton D. Mitchell, Bruce M. Psaty, Charles Kooperberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Christine M. Albert, Dan Roden, Daniel Chasman, Dawood Darbar, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Donna K. Arnett, Elizabeth A. Regan, Eric Boerwinkle, Jerome Rotter, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Lisa R. Yanek, Mariza de Andrade, Matthew A. Allison, Merry-Lynn N. Mcdonald, Mina K. Chung, Myriam Fornage, Nathalie Chami, Nicholas L. Smith, Patrick T. Ellinor, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Rasika A. Mathias, Ruth J. F. Loos, Stephen S. Rich, Steven A. Lubitz, Susan R. Heckbert, Susan Redline, Xiuqing Guo, Y-D Ida Chen, Cecelia A. Laurie, Ryan D. Hernandez, Stephen T. McGarvey, Michael E. Goddard, Cathy C. Laurie, Kari E. North, Leslie A. Lange, Bruce S. Weir, Loic Yengo, Jian Yang, Peter M. Visscher

Summary: The analysis of whole-genome sequences of 25,465 individuals of European ancestry reveals that rare variants play a significant role in the heritability of height and body mass index.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Improving polygenic prediction in ancestrally diverse populations

Yunfeng Ruan, Yen-Feng Lin, Yen-Chen Anne Feng, Chia-Yen Chen, Max Lam, Zhenglin Guo, Lin He, Akira Sawa, Alicia R. Martin, Shengying Qin, Hailiang Huang, Tian Ge

Summary: PRS-CSx is a method that improves cross-population polygenic prediction by integrating GWAS summary statistics from multiple populations. It can enhance the predictive performance of polygenic risk scores in non-European populations and reduce healthcare disparities.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles

Heidi Hautakangas, Bendik S. Winsvold, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Aster V. E. Harder, Lisette J. A. Kogelman, Laurent F. Thomas, Raymond Noordam, Christian Benner, Padhraig Gormley, Ville Artto, Karina Banasik, Anna Bjornsdottir, Dorret Boomsma, Ben M. Brumpton, Kristoffer Solvsten Burgdorf, Julie E. Buring, Mona Ameri Chalmer, Irene de Boer, Martin Dichgans, Christian Erikstrup, Markus Farkkila, Maiken Elvestad Garbrielsen, Mohsen Ghanbari, Knut Hagen, Paavo Happola, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Maria G. Hrafnsdottir, Kristian Hveem, Marianne Bakke Johnsen, Mika Kahonen, Espen S. Kristoffersen, Tobias Kurth, Terho Lehtimaki, Lannie Lighart, Sigurdur H. Magnusson, Rainer Malik, Ole Birger Pedersen, Nadine Pelzer, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Caroline Ran, Paul M. Ridker, Frits R. Rosendaal, Gudrun R. Sigurdardottir, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Olafur A. Sveinsson, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Henrik Ullum, Lisanne S. Vijfhuizen, Elisabeth Widen, Ko Willems van Dijk, Arpo Aromaa, Andrea Carmine Belin, Tobias Freilinger, M. Arfan Ikram, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Olli T. Raitakari, Gisela M. Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Maija Wessman, Jes Olesen, Daniel Chasman, Dale R. Nyholt, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Arn M. J. M. van den Maagdenberg, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Samuli Ripatti, John-Anker Zwart, Aarno Palotie, Matti Pirinen

Summary: This study identified 123 susceptibility loci for migraine through genome-wide association analyses and implicated neurovascular mechanisms in its pathophysiology. Subtype analyses revealed risk loci specific for migraine with or without aura, as well as shared risk variants. The findings highlight the importance of both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types in the genetic underpinning of migraine.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

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