Gastroenterology & Hepatology

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

New developments and standard of care in the management of advanced gastric cancer

Leonard Depotte, Juliette Palle, Cosimo Rasola, Chloe Broudin, Vlad-Adrian Afrasanie, Antoine Mariani, Aziz Zaanan

Summary: Advanced gastric adenocarcinoma is a disease with poor prognosis. In recent years, new drugs, such as trastuzumab for HER2-positive tumors, ramucirumab alone or in combination with paclitaxel, and trifluridine-tipiracil, have improved patient survival. Other drugs, including monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies, are also being evaluated.

CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Trajectories of patients relisted for liver transplantation

Fakhar Ali Qazi Arisar, Rhea Varghese, Shiyi Chen, Wei Xu, Markus Selzner, Ian Mcgilvray, Blayne Sayed, Trevor Reichman, Chaya Shwaartz, Mark Cattral, Anand Ghanekar, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Elmar Jaeckel, Cynthia Tsien, Nazia Selzner, Leslie Lilly, Mamatha Bhat

Summary: Recurrent cirrhosis complicates a significant percentage of liver transplants and may require re-transplantation. This study examined the trajectories of relisted versus primary listed patients on the waitlist and assessed their overall survival and cumulative incidence of transplant.

ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Letter Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Balancing perspectives: Schistosomiasis in the liver disease landscape of the Philippines

Eric David Ornos, Janus P. Ong

ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Regulation of High-fat Diet-induced Liver Fibrosis by SOCS1 Expression in Hepatic Stellate Cells

Rajani Kandhi, Alfredo Menendez, Sheela Ramanathan, Subburaj Ilangumaran

Summary: This study reveals the crucial regulatory functions of SOCS1 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-induced liver fibrosis. Lack of SOCS1 in HSCs leads to increased inflammation and aggravated liver fibrosis.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Long Term HBsAg Responses to Peg-Interferon Alpha-2b in HBeAg Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Developing Clinical Relapse after Stopping Long-Term Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy

Karan Kumar, Ankur Jindal, Ekta Gupta, Nirupma Trehanpati, Saggere M. Shasthry, Rakhi Maiwall, Vinod Arora, Ankit Bhardwaj, Guresh Kumar, Manoj Kumar, Shiv K. Sarin

Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of PEG-IFN in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients and found that 15.9% of patients achieved HBsAg loss on long-term follow-up.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Delhi Model: A New Tool for Predicting Response to Terlipressin in Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury

Jatin Agrawal, Ashish Kumar, Praveen Sharma, Naresh Bansal, Vikas Singla, Samarth Sharma, Anil Arora

Summary: The study aims to identify independent factors that predict treatment response to terlipressin and improve the response rate through revised criteria.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Liver Biopsy: Missing the Limitations in the Hype

Narendra S. Choudhary, Swapnil Dhampalwar, Sukrit Sud, Zubin D. Sharma, Bimal Sahu, Neeraj Saraf, Randhir Sud

Summary: Research shows that endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy has technical limitations compared to percutaneous liver biopsy, with inferior results. Therefore, routine use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy is not recommended.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Psychosocial Assessment and Management-related Issues Among Liver Transplant Recipients

Mohit Varshney, Kriti Dhingra, Ashok Choudhury

Summary: Liver transplant surgery has shown increasing effectiveness in treating patients with end-stage liver diseases, but the presence of psychiatric comorbidities has been observed to impact the success of the surgery and post-transplant quality of life. Research suggests a negative association between psychiatric disorders, alcohol use disorders, substance use disorders and treatment outcomes post liver transplant. Some studies support a multidisciplinary approach for better treatment outcomes.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

FIB-4 and APRI for cirrhosis detection in a privately insured national cohort

Neehar D. Parikh, Manaav Mehta, Elliot B. Tapper

Summary: The commonly used liver fibrosis screening markers APRI and FIB-4 were found to be suboptimal for identifying advanced fibrosis at the time of and prior to clinical diagnosis, missing over half of patients with cirrhosis. Further research is needed to develop laboratory-based algorithms to aid in population-based screening for liver fibrosis.

JHEP REPORTS (2024)

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Letter Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Lean NAFLD: Do We Need to Lean-in Deeper to Manage it Better?

Pragyan Acharya, Aditya Roshan

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Portal Embolisation as Treatment of Severe Portal Hypertension Due to Idiopathic Intrahepatic Arterioportal Fistula: A Case Report

Anne J. Klompenhouwer, Adriaan Moelker, Sarwa D. Murad, Caroline M. den Hoed, Raoel Maan

Summary: Intrahepatic arterioportal fistula (IAPF) is a rare cause of portal hypertension. The aim of treatment is to restore normal portal hemodynamics by closing the shunt. This report describes a case of idiopathic IAPF with severe portal hypertension complicated by portal enteropathy, vomiting, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and sepsis. The patient was successfully treated with portal embolization.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

A clinical review of congenital hepatic fibrosis diagnosed in adulthood: presentation, complications, and outcomes

Lauren Loeb, Jason Lewis, Zhongwei Peng, Michael G. Heckman, Raouf Nakhleh, Andrew P. Keaveny

Summary: Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a rare condition characterized by biliary tract changes and liver fibrosis. This study reviewed the medical records of 24 adult patients with CHF and found that renal cysts, splenomegaly, and a cirrhotic-appearing liver were the most common imaging findings. The most common liver-related complications were cholangitis, varices, and hepatic encephalopathy. Liver transplantation may be required for patients with decompensated disease.

ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Managing a Prospective Liver Transplant Recipient on the Waiting List

Mithun Sharma, Manasa Alla, Anand Kulkarni, Padaki Nagaraja Rao, Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy

Summary: This review article discusses the challenges and difficulties in managing patients during the peri-transplantation period. It covers different aspects such as the management of underlying cirrhosis and portal hypertension complications, treatment and identification of infections, portal vein thrombosis management, and the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and acute liver failure in the transplantation waitlist. The article also highlights specific concerns for patients in the Asian subcontinent and addresses the issue of delisting from the transplant waitlist.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Prevalence, Predictors, and Impact of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Arti Gupta, Sudheer K. Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Peeyush Kumar, Mariyam Farooqui, Mukesh K. Ranjan, Neha Singh, Sandeep K. Mundhra, Divya Madan, Rithvik Golla, Namrata Singh, Govind Makharia, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja

Summary: This observational study found that the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with UC is approximately a quarter and is associated with metabolic parameters rather than disease activity.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Diabetes Mellitus and Poor Glycemic Control Negatively Impact Clinical Outcomes and Survival in Patients with Compensated Cirrhosis

Kanachai Boonpiraks, Anawin Bunyuen, Pornthep Dechphol, Kanokporn Sanpawithayakul, Sith Siramolpiwat

Summary: The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with compensated cirrhosis increases complications and mortality rates. Poor glycemic control in diabetic patients further reduces survival. Proper screening and management of diabetes should be emphasized in the care of these patients.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

An Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial of Early Initiation of Nasogastric Feeding After Endotherapy in Variceal Bleeding: A Proof-of-concept Study

Yegurla Jatin, Sanchit Sharma, Namrata Singh, Sumaira Qamar, Samagra Agarwal, Srikanth Gopi, Deepak Gunjan, Anoop Saraya

Summary: Early nasogastric tube feeding after endotherapy for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis appears to be safe and well tolerated without increased risk of rebleeding or encephalopathy.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Donor Evaluation Protocol for Live and Deceased Donors

Pankaj Puri, Abhinav Kumar, Mohd Qaleem

Summary: Donor evaluation is a critical step in both deceased and living donor liver transplantation. The selection of a healthy graft and prevention of infection and malignancy transmission are crucial for successful transplantation. Donor safety is also important in living donor transplantation.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Letter Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Letter to Editor Re: Spectrum of Autoimmune Liver Disease and Real-World Treatment Experience From a Tertiary Care Hospital

Philip Berry, Sreelakshmi Kotha

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Managing HBV and HCV Infection Pre- and Post-liver Transplant

Naveen Kumar, Narendra S. Choudhary

Summary: Hepatitis B and C are common causes of end-stage liver disease and etiologies of liver transplantation. Prevention of recurrence in hepatitis B cases is crucial. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals has made the treatment of hepatitis C considerably easier. In patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis, transplantation is recommended first, followed by treatment after liver transplantation. Sustained virological response rates have improved from 8 to 50% in the interferon era to 90% in the direct-acting antivirals era.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

T Cell Repertoire Homogeneity and Blood-Gut Overlap in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Kyle G. Williams, Ramya Kongala, Donna M. Shows, Andrew J. Konecny, Duncan C. Hindmarch, Astrid S. Clarke, James D. Lord

Summary: CD8 T-cell clones are found homogeneously throughout the length of the colon in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), regardless of inflammation. There is a high degree of repertoire overlap for T-cell receptor (TCR) between the colon and peripheral blood, suggesting T-cell trafficking plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBD, particularly in relation to the alpha 4 beta 7+ T-cell subpopulation.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (2024)

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