Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Comprehensive Review on Selenium and Its Effects on Human Health and Distribution in Middle Eastern Countries

Marek Kieliszek, Iqra Bano, Hamed Zare

Summary: Selenium is an important micronutrient with positive effects on human health and diseases, but levels of consumption are inadequate in Middle Eastern countries. Further research is needed to determine optimal selenium intake in high-risk populations.

BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Elabela alleviates ferroptosis, myocardial remodeling, fibrosis and heart dysfunction in hypertensive mice by modulating the IL-6/STAT3/ GPX4 signaling

Zhenzhou Zhang, Jianqiong Tang, Jiawei Song, Mengshi Xie, Ying Liu, Zhaojie Dong, Xiaoyan Liu, Xueting Li, Miwen Zhang, Yihang Chen, Hongyu Shi, Jiuchang Zhong

Summary: The study found that elabela can inhibit hypertension-induced pathological cardiac remodeling and fibrosis by modulating the IL-6/STAT3/GPX4 signaling pathway. Targeting the elabela-APJ axis may serve as a novel strategy for hypertensive heart diseases.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

R. Pal, M. Banerjee, S. K. Bhadada, A. J. Shetty, B. Singh, A. Vyas

Summary: The study found that vitamin D supplementation may be associated with improved clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, especially when administered post-diagnosis. However, questions regarding the appropriate dose, duration, and mode of administration of vitamin D remain unanswered and require further research.

JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

GLP-1 physiology informs the pharmacotherapy of obesity

Daniel J. Drucker

Summary: GLP1RA is an effective drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has potential for obesity treatment. GLP-1 reduces food intake and body weight in both animals and humans, and its mechanisms of action have been extensively studied. GLP-1-based therapies may become important options for the treatment of obesity and its complications.

MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Clinical Biology of the Pituitary Adenoma

Shlomo Melmed, Ursula B. Kaiser, M. Beatriz Lopes, Jerome Bertherat, Luis Syro, Gerald Raverot, Martin Reincke, Gudmundur Johannsson, Albert Beckers, Maria Fleseriu, Andrea Giustina, John A. H. Wass, Ken K. Y. Ho

Summary: Pituitary neoplasms are common and mostly benign, but can have diverse effects on health. Understanding the clinical biology of these neoplasms is important for implementing appropriate treatment strategies and improving quality of life and mortality.

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension

John P. H. Wilding, Rachel L. Batterham, Melanie Davies, Luc F. Van Gaal, Kristian Kandler, Katerina Konakli, Ildiko Lingvay, Barbara M. McGowan, Tugce Kalayci Oral, Julio Rosenstock, Thomas A. Wadden, Sean Wharton, Koutaro Yokote, Robert F. Kushner

Summary: One year after withdrawal of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg and lifestyle intervention, participants regained two-thirds of their prior weight loss, with similar changes in cardiometabolic variables. Findings confirm the chronicity of obesity and suggest ongoing treatment is required to maintain improvements in weight and health.

DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Management of type 2 diabetes with the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Thomas Karagiannis, Ioannis Avgerinos, Aris Liakos, Stefano Del Prato, David R. Matthews, Apostolos Tsapas, Eleni Bekiari

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes. The results showed that tirzepatide had dose-dependent superiority in lowering HbA(1c) and reducing body weight compared to placebo, GLP-1 RAs, and basal insulin. However, tirzepatide was associated with an increased incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events.

DIABETOLOGIA (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

13. Older Adults: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022

Summary: The American Diabetes Association provides standards of medical care for diabetes, which includes clinical practice recommendations and guidelines for diabetes care. These guidelines are regularly updated by a committee of multidisciplinary experts.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

3. Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022

Summary: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes provides clinical practice recommendations, goals, and tools for evaluating diabetes care. It is regularly updated by the ADA Professional Practice Committee and allows readers to offer comments.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Safety and Glycemic Outcomes During the MiniMed™ Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Pivotal Trial in Adolescents and Adults with Type 1 Diabetes

Anders L. Carlson, Jennifer L. Sherr, Dorothy Shulman, Satish K. Garg, Rodica Pop-Busui, Bruce W. Bode, David R. Lilenquist, Ron L. Brazg, Kevin B. Kaiserman, Mark S. Kipnes, James R. Thrasher, John H. Chip Reed, Robert H. Slover, Athena Philis-Tsimikas, Mark Christiansen, Benyamin Grosman, Anirban Roy, Melissa Vella, Richard A. M. Jonkers, Xiaoxiao Chen, John Shin, Toni L. Cordero, Scott W. Lee, Andrew S. Rhinehart, Robert A. Vigersky

Summary: This trial assessed the safety and effectiveness of an advanced hybrid closed-loop system in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes. The results demonstrate that this system is safe and allows patients to achieve recommended glycemic targets, with the potential to further optimize glycemia.

DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Heart Failure: An Underappreciated Complication of Diabetes. A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association

Rodica Pop-Busui, James L. Januzzi, Dennis Bruemmer, Sonia Butalia, Jennifer B. Green, William B. Horton, Colette Knight, Moshe Levi, Neda Rasouli, Caroline R. Richardson

Summary: Heart failure is a common complication of diabetes, even in the absence of other cardiovascular diseases. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes globally, particularly type 2 diabetes, the burden of heart failure on the healthcare system is expected to rise. This consensus report aims to provide clear guidance to practitioners on screening and diagnosing heart failure in individuals with diabetes.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ecofriendly Synthesis of Biosynthesized Copper Nanoparticles with Starch-Based Nanocomposite: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities

Mohamed Hasanin, Mohamed A. Al Abboud, Mohamed M. Alawlaqi, Tarek M. Abdelghany, Amr H. Hashem

Summary: Polysaccharides-based nanocomposites have been used for biomedical applications in recent years, and a nanocomposite based on myco-synthesized copper nanoparticles and starch was prepared in this study. The nanocomposite showed outstanding antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, making it promising for various biomedical applications.

BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Effects on weight loss and glycemic control with SAR441255, a potent unimolecular peptide GLP-1/GIP/GCG receptor triagonist

Martin Bossart, Michael Wagner, Ralf Elvert, Andreas Evers, Thomas Hubschle, Tim Kloeckener, Katrin Lorenz, Christine Moessinger, Olof Eriksson, Irina Velikyan, Stefan Pierrou, Lars Johansson, Gabriele Dietert, Yasmin Dietz-Baum, Thomas Kissner, Irene Nowotny, Christine Einig, Christelle Jan, Faiza Rharbaoui, Johann Gassenhuber, Hans-Peter Prochnow, Inoncent Agueusop, Niels Porksen, William B. Smith, Almut Nitsche, Anish Konkar

Summary: Unimolecular triple incretins have shown efficacy in reducing body weight and improving glucose control. SAR441255, a synthetic peptide agonist, activates GLP-1, GCG, and GIP receptors with balanced potency, demonstrating superior metabolic outcomes compared to dual agonists in animal models.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Real-World Performance of the MiniMed™ 780G System: First Report of Outcomes from 4120 Users

Julien Da Silva, Giuseppe Lepore, Tadej Battelino, Arcelia Arrieta, Javier Castaneda, Benyamin Grossman, John Shin, Ohad Cohen

Summary: The preliminary performance evaluation of the MiniMed 780G system in real-world settings shows that most users are able to achieve good glycemic control and minimize hypoglycemia, indicating the effectiveness of the system.

DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association of MAFLD With Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A 4.6-Year Cohort Study in China

Yebei Liang, Hongli Chen, Yuexing Liu, Xuhong Hou, Li Wei, Yuqian Bao, Chunguang Yang, Geng Zong, Jiarui Wu, Weiping Jia

Summary: The study investigated the prevalence and incidence of MAFLD and its association with diabetes, CKD, and CVD. MAFLD was found to be associated with higher risks of incident diabetes, CKD, and CVD. Patients with MAFLD combined with excessive alcohol consumption and HBV infection had increased risks of incident diabetes compared with those without fatty liver.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial Ferritin Deficiency Promotes Osteoblastic Ferroptosis Via Mitophagy in Type 2 Diabetic Osteoporosis

XinDong Wang, HongDong Ma, Jun Sun, TianYu Zheng, Peng Zhao, HaiTian Li, MaoWei Yang

Summary: The incidence of type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP) is rapidly increasing and its specific mechanism remains unclear. Studies have shown a relationship between iron overload and T2DOP. Mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) may inhibit ferroptosis in osteoblasts by reducing oxidative stress caused by excess ferrous ions, while FtMt deficiency induces mitophagy in the pathogenesis of T2DOP. FtMt could potentially serve as a target for T2DOP therapy.

BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Metformin: Is it a drug for all reasons and diseases?

Chris R. Triggle, Ibrahim Mohammed, Khalifa Bshesh, Isra Marei, Kevin Ye, Hong Ding, Ross MacDonald, Morley D. Hollenberg, Michael A. Hill

Summary: Metformin, a commonly used drug for type 2 diabetes, has shown potential therapeutic effects for other diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is still debate on whether metformin is effective for all diseases and whether its benefits are solely due to its anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing effects.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Atlas of exercise metabolism reveals time-dependent signatures of metabolic homeostasis

Shogo Sato, Kenneth A. Dyar, Jonas T. Treebak, Sara L. Jepsen, Amy M. Ehrlich, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Kajetan Trost, Thomas Kunzke, Verena M. Prade, Lewin Small, Astrid Linde Basse, Milena Schonke, Siwei Chen, Muntaha Samad, Pierre Baldi, Romain Barres, Axel Walch, Thomas Moritz, Jens J. Holst, Dominik Lutter, Juleen R. Zierath, Paolo Sassone-Corsi

Summary: This study compares and analyzes the global metabolite responses in mouse tissues and serum after acute exercise at different time points, revealing the independent and collective metabolic responses of cells and tissues to timed exercise. The results provide a clear understanding of the production and distribution of time-dependent exercise metabolites and offer insights into the health-promoting benefits of exercise on metabolism.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The nutrition transition to a stage of high obesity and noncommunicable disease prevalence dominated by ultra-processed foods is not inevitable

Barry M. Popkin, Shu Wen Ng

Summary: The Nutrition Transition model shows variations in the nature and pace of change in key stages depending on location and subpopulations. Currently, many countries are facing a stage where nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases are dominating adult morbidity and mortality, while some populations still suffer from hunger and undernutrition. By committing to policies that have been shown to improve dietary choices and social norms around foods, countries can prevent or reverse the rapid shift towards diets high in ultra-processed foods and the increasing prevalence of nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases.

OBESITY REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Overview of 2022 WHO Classification of Parathyroid Tumors

Lori A. Erickson, Ozgur Mete, C. Christofer Juhlin, Aurel Perren, Anthony J. Gill

Summary: The 2022 WHO classification reflects advancements in the understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of parathyroid disease. It emphasizes the importance of genetic abnormalities and introduces new terms and entities to accurately classify parathyroid tumors. Additionally, researchers recommend the use of molecular immunohistochemistry to further explore the disease.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY (2022)

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