Critical Care Medicine

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Reconsidering the Utility of Race-Specific Lung Function Prediction Equations

Aaron D. Baugh, Stephen Shiboski, Nadia N. Hansel, Victor Ortega, Igor Barjakteravic, R. Graham Barr, Russell Bowler, Alejandro P. Comellas, Christopher B. Cooper, David Couper, Gerard Criner, Jeffrey L. Curtis, Mark Dransfield, Chinedu Ejike, MeiLan K. Han, Eric Hoffman, Jamuna Krishnan, Jerry A. Krishnan, David Mannino, Robert Paine, Trisha Parekh, Stephen Peters, Nirupama Putcha, Stephen Rennard, Neeta Thakur, Prescott G. Woodruff

Summary: This study found that using race-specific approaches for estimating lung function may underestimate the severity of COPD in African American individuals.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

The global prevalence and ethnic heterogeneity of primary ciliary dyskinesia gene variants: a genetic database analysis

William B. Hannah, Bryce A. Seifert, Rebecca Truty, Maimoona A. Zariwala, Kristen Ameel, Yi Zhao, Keith Nykamp, Benjamin Gaston

Summary: The study aimed to estimate the global prevalence and ethnic heterogeneity of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). By calculating the allele frequency of disease-causing variants in 29 PCD genes associated with autosomal recessive inheritance in 182,681 individuals, the minimum worldwide prevalence of PCD was found to be at least one in 7,554 individuals, with higher rates in individuals of African ancestry compared to other populations. The study also identified gene distributions that differ from previous European and North American studies.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease

David E. Griffith, Charles L. Daley

Summary: Mycobacterium abscessus, a common pathogen in nontuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases, has different subspecies with varying drug susceptibilities. Macrolides and amikacin are commonly used drugs, but their efficacy is limited against resistant strains. New drugs show promising in vitro activity, but further validation is needed.

CHEST (2022)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Prediction of good neurological outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review

Claudio Sandroni, Sonia D'Arrigo, Sofia Cacciola, Cornelia W. E. Hoedemaekers, Erik Westhall, Marlijn J. A. Kamps, Fabio S. Taccone, Daniele Poole, Frederick J. A. Meijer, Massimo Antonelli, Karen G. Hirsch, Jasmeet Soar, Jerry P. Nolan, Tobias Cronberg

Summary: This study assessed the ability of clinical examination, blood biomarkers, electrophysiology or neuroimaging to predict good neurological outcome in comatose adult survivors from cardiac arrest. The findings suggest that certain predictors have good specificity in predicting neurological outcome within the first week after cardiac arrest, but most studies have a high risk of bias.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Blood Eosinophils and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Science Committee 2022 Review

Dave Singh, Alvar Agusti, Fernando J. Martinez, Alberto Papi, Ian D. Pavord, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Claus F. Vogelmeier, David M. G. Halpin

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement Among Patients About to Undergo Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in 2019-2020 A Retrospective Cohort Study

Valeria S. M. Valbuena, Ryan P. Barbaro, Dru Claar, Thomas S. Valley, Robert P. Dickson, Steven E. Gay, Michael W. Sjoding, Theodore J. Iwashyna

Summary: In patients with respiratory failure about to undergo ECMO, Black patients have a higher prevalence of occult hypoxemia compared to White patients, while the prevalence of Hispanic and Asian patients is comparable to that of White patients.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Disparities in Hypoxemia Detection by Pulse Oximetry Across Self-Identified Racial Groups and Associations With Clinical Outcomes*

Nicole R. Henry, Andrew C. Hanson, Phillip J. Schulte, Nafisseh S. Warner, Megan N. Manento, Timothy J. Weister, Matthew A. Warner

Summary: This study aims to assess disparities in hypoxemia detection using pulse oximetry among self-identified racial groups and its associations with clinical outcomes. The study found that black patients were more likely to experience occult hypoxemia compared to white patients and that occult hypoxemia was associated with increased mortality.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Risk of COVID-19 hospital admission among children aged 5-17 years with asthma in Scotland: a national incident cohort study

Ting Shi, Jiafeng Pan, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Colin McCowan, Steven Kerr, Utkarsh Agrawal, Syed Ahmar Shah, Colin R. Simpson, Lewis Duthie Ritchie, Chris Robertson, Aziz Sheikh

Summary: This study investigated the relationship between asthma history and steroid treatment history with the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 in a cohort of children aged 5-17 in Scotland. The results showed that children with a history of asthma or steroid treatment had a higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization, suggesting that they should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Prediction of fluid responsiveness. What's new?

Xavier Monnet, Rui Shi, Jean-Louis Teboul

Summary: Fluid administration is a common treatment for circulatory failure, but can have issues with inconsistent increase in cardiac output and harmful effects of fluid overload. Various tests and indices exist to detect preload dependence and predict fluid responsiveness. Some tests can reflect changes in cardiac output without direct measurement.

ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Etomidate versus ketamine for emergency endotracheal intubation: a randomized clinical trial

Gerald Matchett, Irina Gasanova, Christina A. Riccio, Dawood Nasir, Mary C. Sunna, Brian J. Bravenec, Omaira Azizad, Brian Farrell, Abu Minhajuddin, Jesse W. Stewart, Lawrence W. Liang, Tiffany Sun Moon, Pamela E. Fox, Callie G. Ebeling, Miakka N. Smith, Devin Trousdale, Babatunde O. Ogunnaike

Summary: The clinical trial showed that patients randomized to ketamine had a higher Day 7 survival rate after emergency endotracheal intubation, but there was no significant difference in survival by Day 28.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Treatment of COVID-19-associated ARDS with mesenchymal stromal cells: a multicenter randomized double-blind trial

Antoine Monsel, Caroline Hauw-Berlemont, Miryam Mebarki, Nicholas Heming, Julien Mayaux, Otriv Nguekap Tchoumba, Jean-Luc Diehl, Alexandre Demoule, Djillali Annane, Clemence Marois, Sophie Demeret, Emmanuel Weiss, Guillaume Voiriot, Muriel Fartoukh, Jean-Michel Constantin, Bruno Megarbane, Gaetan Plantefeve, Stephanie Malard-Castagnet, Sonia Burrel, Michelle Rosenzwajg, Nicolas Tchitchek, Helene Boucher-Pillet, Guillaume Churlaud, Audrey Cras, Camille Maheux, Chloe Pezzana, Mamadou Hassimiou Diallo, Jacques Ropers, Philippe Menasche, Jerome Larghero

Summary: The efficacy of UC-MSCs in patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS was assessed in this study. The results showed no significant difference in respiratory indicators between the UC-MSCs and placebo groups. The repeated UC-MSCs infusions did not lead to any serious adverse events during treatment or thereafter.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis among intubated patients with SARS-CoV-2 or influenza pneumonia: a European multicenter comparative cohort study

Anahita Rouze, Elise Lemaitre, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Pedro Povoa, Emili Diaz, Remy Nyga, Antoni Torres, Matthieu Metzelard, Damien Du Cheyron, Fabien Lambiotte, Fabienne Tamion, Marie Labruyere, Claire Boulle Geronimi, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Martine Nyunga, Olivier Pouly, Arnaud W. Thille, Bruno Megarbane, Anastasia Saade, Eleni Magira, Jean-Francois Llitjos, Iliana Ioannidou, Alexandre Pierre, Jean Reignier, Denis Garot, Louis Kreitmann, Jean-Luc Baudel, Guillaume Voiriot, Gaetan Plantefeve, Elise Morawiec, Pierre Asfar, Alexandre Boyer, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Demosthenes Makris, Christophe Vinsonneau, Pierre-Edouard Floch, Clemence Marois, Adrian Ceccato, Antonio Artigas, Alexandre Gaudet, David Nora, Marjorie Cornu, Alain Duhamel, Julien Labreuche, Saad Nseir

Summary: This study found that the incidence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was low in patients with COVID-19 and significantly lower than in patients with influenza.

CRITICAL CARE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Distribution, Risk Factors, and Temporal Trends for Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality A Global Analysis

Junjie Huang, Yunyang Deng, Man Sing Tin, Veeleah Lok, Chun Ho Ngai, Lin Zhang, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno, Wanghong Xu, Zhi-Jie Zheng, Edmar Elcarte, Mellissa Withers, Martin C. S. Wong

Summary: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Its incidence and mortality rates are associated with Human Development Index, Gross Domestic Products, and smoking prevalence. Most countries show increasing trends in lung cancer incidence and mortality among females, but decreasing trends among males. Measures to control the increasing trends among females and early cancer detection should be implemented in these regions.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Lung Transplantation for Patients With COVID-19

Christopher S. King, Hannah Mannem, Jasleen Kukreja, Shambhu Aryal, Daniel Tang, Jonathan P. Singer, Ankit Bharat, Juergen Behr, Steven D. Nathan

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused acute lung injury in millions of individuals worldwide, some of whom may require lung transplantation for severe lung injury or post-COVID fibrosis. Lung transplantation after COVID-19 infection presents unique challenges, including difficulties in evaluation and education, deconditioning, and infectious concerns. Transplant physicians must carefully consider the risks and benefits of lung transplantation in post-COVID fibrosis patients compared to other lung diseases.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Mechanisms of oxygenation responses to proning and recruitment in COVID-19 pneumonia

Sandra Rossi, Maria Michela Palumbo, Nicola Sverzellati, Mattia Busana, Laura Malchiodi, Paolo Bresciani, Patrizia Ceccarelli, Emanuele Sani, Federica Romitti, Matteo Bonifazi, Simone Gattarello, Irene Steinberg, Paola Palermo, Stefano Lazzari, Francesca Collino, Massimo Cressoni, Peter Herrmann, Leif Saager, Konrad Meissner, Michael Quintel, Luigi Camporota, John J. Marini, Luciano Gattinoni

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of oxygenation response to proning and recruitment maneuvers in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The findings indicate that the balance between resolution of dorsal atelectasis and formation of ventral atelectasis may play a key role in determining oxygenation responses. Patients assessed during the third week showed higher levels of consolidated tissue, potentially leading to fibrotic-like changes in the lung over time.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Evaluation of the oral corticosteroid-sparing effect of tezepelumab in adults with oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma (SOURCE): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study

Michael E. Wechsler, Andrew Menzies-Gow, Christopher E. Brightling, Piotr Kuna, Stephanie Korn, Tobias Welte, Janet M. Griffiths, Kinga Salapa, Asa Hellqvist, Gun Almqvist, Harbans Lal, Primal Kaur, Tor Skarby, Gene Colice

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of tezepelumab in reducing oral corticosteroid dose in patients with oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma. The results showed no significant improvement in the overall population, but improvement was observed in patients with higher baseline blood eosinophil counts.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Risk Factors for Invasive Candida Infection in Critically Ill Patients A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Daniel O. Thomas-Ruddel, Peter Schlattmann, Mathias Pletz, Oliver Kurzai, Frank Bloos

Summary: Our systematic review and meta-analysis identified factors associated with the risk for the development of invasive Candida infection in the ICU, with most factors related to medical interventions during intensive care or comorbid conditions.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Asthma Phenotypes and COVID-19 Risk A Population-based Observational Study

Chloe Bloom, Paul Cullinan, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha

Summary: The study found that asthma phenotype is associated with COVID-19 outcomes. More severe asthma phenotypes are associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization, but not with type 2 inflammation. The risk of COVID-19 hospitalization appears to be similar to that of influenza and pneumonia.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Phase 1 Safety Trial of Autologous Human Schwann Cell Transplantation in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Katie L. Gant, James D. Guest, Anne E. Palermo, Aditya Vedantam, George Jimsheleishvili, Mary Bartlett Bunge, Adriana E. Brooks, Kim D. Anderson, Christine K. Thomas, Andrea J. Santamaria, Monica A. Perez, Rosie Curiel, Mark S. Nash, Efrat Saraf-Lavi, Damien D. Pearse, Eva Widerstrom-Noga, Aisha Khan, W. Dalton Dietrich, Allan D. Levi

Summary: The study investigated the feasibility and safety of autologous human Schwann cell transplantation for patients with chronic spinal cord injury, showing that it is safe and effective within a certain range.

JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Distinctive Biomarker Features in the Endotheliopathy of COVID-19 and Septic Syndromes

Sara Fernandez, Ana B. Moreno-Castano, Marta Palomo, Julia Martinez-Sanchez, Sergi Torramade-Moix, Adrian Tellez, Helena Ventosa, Ferran Segui, Gines Escolar, Enric Carreras, Josep M. Nicolas, Edward Richardson, David Garcia-Bernal, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Jose M. Moraleda, Paul G. Richardson, Maribel Diaz-Ricart, Pedro Castro

Summary: COVID-19 patients exhibit increased circulating biomarkers of endothelial damage, complement activation, and fibrinolytic dysregulation, associated with disease severity. COVID-19 endotheliopathy differs from sepsis syndrome, in which endothelial damage is also a critical feature of pathobiology.

SHOCK (2022)

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