Review
Criminology & Penology
Anastasia Kourti, Androniki Stavridou, Eleni Panagouli, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Chara Spiliopoulou, Maria Tsolia, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Artemis Tsitsika
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in domestic violence cases worldwide, especially during the first week of lockdown. However, reports of child maltreatment and abuse have declined during the pandemic, possibly due to school closures.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Jason L. Payne, Anthony Morgan, Alex R. Piquero
Summary: The study found that violent crime rates in Queensland, Australia decreased significantly under social distancing regulations, especially in common assault, serious assault, and sexual offenses. However, the rate of breaches of domestic violence orders remained unchanged.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Anita Stubbs, Cassandra Szoeke
Summary: Research shows that intimate partner violence has negative effects on women's physical health, including worsening menopausal symptoms, increasing the risk of diabetes, contracting sexually transmitted infections, engaging in risky behaviors, developing chronic diseases and pain. It also impacts HIV outcomes. Further long-term studies are needed in this field to better inform healthcare for women who have experienced IPV.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Roberta Liggett O'Malley, Karen Holt, Thomas J. Holt
Summary: Incels, short for involuntary celibates, discuss challenges in sexual relationships in online communities. Reports have shown that the incel culture is misogynistic and supports violence, with links to violent incidents. An analysis of over 8,000 posts in two online incel communities reveals that norms in this subculture revolve around the sexual market, negative views of women, legitimizing masculinity, male oppression, and violence. This study sheds light on the role of the internet in radicalizing extremist groups.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Yan Zhang, Lening Zhang, Francis Benton
Summary: The study found similarities in victim-related and most offender-related variables between hate crimes against Asian Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics, supporting the minority-general model. However, significant differences were observed in offenders' race and all incident-related variables of hate crimes against Asian Americans compared to African Americans and Hispanics, supporting the minority-specific model.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Rebecca E. Lacey, Laura D. Howe, Michelle Kelly-Irving, Mel Bartley, Yvonne Kelly
Summary: This study explores the clustering of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and its relationship with gender and poverty. The findings reveal that ACEs cluster in specific patterns and poverty is strongly related to it.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Esperanza Debby Ng, Joelle Yan Xin Chua, Shefaly Shorey
Summary: This systematic review examines the effectiveness of educational interventions in reducing traditional bullying and cyberbullying behaviors among adolescents. The findings suggest that existing interventions have a small effect on reducing bullying frequencies. Further research is needed to identify key factors that enhance the effectiveness of educational programs or develop alternative forms of anti-bullying interventions.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Leila Wood, Rachel Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Shannon Guillot-Wright, Elizabeth Torres, Jeff R. Temple
Summary: In the face of increasing risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is urgent to understand the experiences of frontline workers providing support to survivors. Through an online survey of IPV and sexual assault workforce, this study found that staff members are experiencing more personal and professional stressors, perceiving a decrease in client safety, and lacking resources needed to help survivors and themselves. The shift to remote service provision and reductions in overall service capacity have implications for both survivors and staff, highlighting the need for additional training, infrastructure, and support.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Cynthia Lum, Christopher S. Koper, Xiaoyun Wu
Summary: The killing of George Floyd in the summer of 2020 sparked contentious debates in many cities about policing, with calls to defund the police. Research shows that the police handle a large number of service calls, most of which cannot be easily transferred to other organizations or government sectors. The police need to reconsider how to effectively address community concerns while retaining these responsibilities.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Sarah M. Peitzmeier, Lisa Fedina, Louise Ashwell, Todd I. Herrenkohl, Rich Tolman
Summary: Measures to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic resulted in stay-at-home orders across the world, leading to concerns about a global surge in intimate partner violence (IPV). A survey conducted in Michigan found that while the overall prevalence of IPV did not significantly change during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were increases in the severity of IPV and new cases occurring in previously non-abusive relationships.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Sarah E. Ullman
Summary: Sexual assault and intimate partner violence often result in negative social reactions when victims disclose their experiences. This systematic review identified various factors that contribute to these reactions, such as race, education, sexual orientation, trauma history, and post-assault factors like psychological symptoms and coping strategies. The study also highlighted the importance of disclosure characteristics and the intended reactions of recipients. Future research should further explore these factors within a theoretical framework, while clinical interventions should focus on reducing negative reactions and increasing support from informal sources.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Ashley Austin, Shelley L. Craig, Sandra D'Souza, Lauren B. McInroy
Summary: This study examines the influence of intervenable risk factors and protective factors on suicide risk among transgender youth. The findings highlight the significant impact of interpersonal microaggressions, internalized self-stigma, emotional neglect by family, and adverse childhood experiences on suicidality. The results have important implications for practice and policy, providing guidance for working with parents and caregivers of transgender youth and fostering belonging for transgender youth.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Emily R. Dworkin, Anna E. Jaffe, Michele Bedard-Gilligan, Skye Fitzpatrick
Summary: This meta-analysis summarizes the prevalence and severity of PTSD following sexual assault, and suggests that the first 3 months after assault may be a critical period for natural recovery.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Aaron Chalfin, Benjamin Hansen, Jason Lerner, Lucie Parker
Summary: This study demonstrates that increasing street lighting can effectively reduce nighttime outdoor crimes, primarily through a deterrence mechanism. This suggests that policymakers can control crime through the tactical deployment of street lighting without expanding the reach of the criminal justice system.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE CRIMINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Amy D. Engler, Kwabena O. Sarpong, Bethanie S. Van Horne, Christopher S. Greeley, Rachael J. Keefe
Summary: The study summarized the mental health disorders of foster children and their influencing factors, finding that foster children have a higher rate of mental health disorders than the general population. The most common diagnoses include oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder and major depressive disorder, and variables such as type of maltreatment and type of placement can predict mental health outcomes.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Unnati Patel, Ronald Roesch
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of technology-facilitated sexual violence (TFSV) and its associated health outcomes. The results showed that approximately 8.8% of individuals have had their image or video-based sexts shared without consent, 7.2% have been threatened with sext distribution, and 17.6% have had their image taken without permission. In terms of perpetration, approximately 12% have shared sexts beyond the intended recipient, 2.7% have threatened to share sexts, and 8.9% have nonconsensually taken an image. A qualitative analysis revealed significant mental health impacts, including anxiety, depression, and poor coping, for TFSV victims.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Scott M. Mourtgos, Ian T. Adams, Justin Nix
Summary: A study of a large police department in the western United States found that voluntary resignations increased by 279% following the George Floyd protests, with retirements and involuntary separations not significantly affected. The study suggests a retention crisis may impact police departments' operational capacity and proactive efforts to improve organizational justice can moderate officer perceptions of public hostility.
CRIMINOLOGY & PUBLIC POLICY
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Alex Stevens, Caitlin Elizabeth Hughes, Shann Hulme, Rebecca Cassidy
Summary: Policy makers are increasingly interested in alternatives to criminalization for the possession of illicit drugs, but there is currently no theoretically based and empirically tested framework to guide development and evaluation. This article presents a realist programme theory of alternative measures, based on a review of literature from nine countries. The study shows how different measures interact with social conditions and institutional contexts, triggering mechanisms across three causal pathways. It concludes that specific combinations of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes can reduce harms without increasing drug use or related health and crime harms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Kelly Scott-Storey, Sue O'Donnell, Marilyn Ford-Gilboe, Colleen Varcoe, Nadine Wathen, Jeannie Malcolm, Charlene Vincent
Summary: This critical review examines men's experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) and identifies the conceptual and empirical limitations of current research. The influence of gender roles and societal expectations on men's experiences and perceptions of IPV victimization and their help-seeking behavior are explored.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Daan P. van Uhm, Rick C. C. Nijman
Summary: The increasing scarcity of natural resources worldwide has attracted the attention of transnational criminal organizations. These organized crime syndicates have expanded into the profitable businesses of tropical timber, endangered species, and natural minerals in addition to their traditional activities. The interconnectedness between environmental crimes and other serious crimes has rendered traditional methods of understanding and combating organized crime inadequate. This article explores the connection between environmental crimes and other serious crimes using cluster analysis to identify different types of organized crime groups involved in the illegal trade of natural resources. The analysis reveals three distinct clusters of criminal groups that have diversified into this illicit trade in various ways: the Green Organized Crime cluster, characterized by high diversification and domination; the Green Opportunistic Crime cluster, consisting of flexible and fluid groups that partially diversify their criminal activities; and the low-level diversifiers of the Green Camouflaged Crime cluster, who hide their illegal businesses behind legitimate companies. These three clusters can be associated with specific stages within the continuum of environmental crime, albeit with nuanced differences.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY
(2022)
