Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ricky Galloway, Hunna Watson, Danyelle Greene, Roz Shafran, Sarah J. Egan
Summary: The study found that cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in reducing perfectionism and related symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and eating disorders, with medium to large effects on personal standards, concern over mistakes, and clinical perfectionism.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaomei Wang, Carl Markert, Farzan Sasangohar
Summary: This study analyzes the changes in downloads and activity of popular mental health mobile applications during COVID-19. It finds that meditation apps saw increased downloads after the pandemic started. While these apps perform well in terms of functionality and aesthetics, they lack clinical grounding and evidence base.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Adam J. Kucharczuk, Tracy L. Oliver, Elizabeth B. Dowdell
Summary: Social media advertisements have a significant impact on adolescents' food choices, with adolescents more likely to recall unhealthy foods and frequently influenced by celebrities. Food and beverage companies utilize social media marketing tactics to target the adolescent population, often employing celebrities and influencers to promote unhealthy products.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Maria C. Lobo, Thomas S. Whitehurst, Stephen J. Kaar, Oliver D. Howes
Summary: Schizophrenia is a disease with significant unmet needs, and new treatments are necessary. This review examines the pharmacology, clinical trial data, and tolerability of novel medications compared to traditional antipsychotics. The study finds that the novel medications show promise in treating acute relapse, asocial and depressive symptoms, and both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. These medications also have favorable side-effect profiles, making them valuable additions to the treatment options.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Mehdi Akbari, Zahra Sadat Hosseini, Mohammad Seydavi, Maya Zegel, Michael J. Zvolensky, Anka A. Vujanovic
Summary: The study found a consistent negative association between distress tolerance and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with larger effect sizes for studies examining self-reported distress tolerance. The number of traumatic event types experienced was identified as the most consistent moderator of the distress tolerance and PTSD association. Discussions were held regarding the clinical implications of distress tolerance in PTSD.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sofia Santos, Helena Ferreira, Joao Martins, Joana Goncalves, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: Neurodevelopmental disorders have an early onset and result in social and communication impairments as well as cognitive deficits. The importance of biological sex in determining behavioral and cognitive vulnerability has been confirmed, impacting diagnosis and therapeutic response. Male bias exists to varying extents in autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia. Genetic predisposition, endocrine factors, and environmental factors interact to influence the onset, progression, and severity of the disorders.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Tessy Luger, Mona Baer, Robert Seibt, Monika A. Rieger, Benjamin Steinhilber
Summary: Using a passive back-support exoskeleton can reduce muscle activity and posture demands during industrial tasks, but can slightly impair performance and is evaluated as mildly uncomfortable.
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Olivier Uwishema, Helen Onyeaka, Rawa Badri, Ayse Nazli Yucel, Ahmet Kayhan Korkusuz, Abayomi Oyeyemi Ajagbe, Amro Abuleil, Celine Chaaya, Baraa H. M. Alhendawi, Elie Chalhoub
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a decrease in dopaminergic neurons. Its symptoms include motor and non-motor dysfunctions, and there is currently no cure for the disease. Researchers are exploring new therapies such as the replacement of neurons, alpha-synuclein, and apomorphine.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Limor Raviv, Gary Lupyan, Shawn C. Green
Summary: Learning is the process of using past experiences to shape new behaviors and actions. Increasing variability in training can enhance generalization, leading to more widespread and robust performance. This core principle has been recognized and named differently in various domains, providing insights into key patterns, different types of variability, and the effects of introducing variability at different stages of training.
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sabine Finlay, Cody Roth, Tiansha Zimsen, Zoltan Sarnyai, Brett McDermott, Tahnee Lee Bridson
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Allostatic Load (AL), finding that ACEs are associated with elevated AL and poorer health outcomes in adulthood. Furthermore, health risk behaviors, social support, and coping resources moderate or mediate this association.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Bjorn Merker, Kenneth Williford, David Rudrauf
Summary: Integrated information theory attempts to equate consciousness with integrated information, but its method of equating consciousness with the causal efficacy of global information transfer is shown to be mistaken, leading to the attribution of consciousness to a wide range of natural systems and the exploration of panpsychism.
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Barthelemy Sards, Corinne Delamaire, Anne-Juliette Serry, Pauline Ducrot
Summary: The study found that during the lockdown, some people improved their diet quality by spending more time cooking or consuming fresh produce like fruits and vegetables, while others reported a decline in diet quality due to poorer dietary choices like comfort food and snacking. There was a significant increase in home cooking activities, with barriers such as time constraints being reduced, however, the change in cooking frequency varied among different population subgroups, particularly in relation to financial situation.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jing Liu, Lingxiao Cao, Hailong Li, Yingxue Gao, Xuan Bu, Kaili Liang, Weijie Bao, Suming Zhang, Hui Qiu, Xue Li, Xinyue Hu, Lu Lu, Lianqing Zhang, Xinyu Hu, Xiaoqi Huang, Qiyong Gong
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) studies in OCD patients and found widespread disruptions in brain regions, particularly alterations in connectivity between the striatum, thalamus, and anterior cingulate cortex and other cortical networks. These connectivity abnormalities were negatively correlated with symptom severity and age of onset, providing insights into the neural mechanism of OCD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Drummond E-Wen McCulloch, Gitte Moos Knudsen, Frederick Streeter Barrett, Manoj K. Doss, Robin Lester Carhart-Harris, Fernando E. Rosas, Gustavo Deco, Morten L. Kringelbach, Katrin H. Preller, Johannes G. Ramaekers, Natasha L. Mason, Felix Milller, Patrick MacDonald Fisher
Summary: Clinical research into serotonergic psychedelics is showing promising efficacy across various disorders. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is commonly used to study the neural effects of psychedelics. However, there is considerable variation in methods and terminology, calling for more coherence in future studies.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hyungil Kim, Joseph L. Gabbard
Summary: This study proposes a method for quantifying the visual and cognitive distraction potential of augmented reality head-up displays (AR HUDs). The method evaluates driver gaze behavior, situation awareness, confidence, and workload. The results show that AR interfaces can improve driver awareness of pedestrians but should be designed to minimize distractions to other critical road elements.
Review
Psychology, Biological
Olivier Desmedt, Alexandre Heeren, Olivier Corneille, Olivier Luminet
Summary: Recent research on interoception has identified different facets of this concept, including interoceptive sensibility and self-report interoceptive scales. However, it is uncertain whether current measures converge on a common construct. This study examined the most cited questionnaires of interoceptive sensibility and found that they tap onto distinct constructs with low overall convergence and interrelationships between questionnaire items. These findings challenge the interpretation and replicability of self-report interoception research, emphasizing the need for better matching between constructs and measures.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Eleanor Kerslake, Joya A. Kemper, Denise Conroy
Summary: The research explores the facilitators, barriers, and negotiations that different dietary groups encounter with meat substitutes. The findings show tension between influences in food choice, with factors like sensory preferences and health perceptions being both facilitators and barriers depending on the dietary group. Common facilitators include resources and food context, while barriers include high price and lack of trust. The study also highlights the value negotiation among dietary groups, balancing familiarity with food/meal freedom and versatility.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Michiel van Elk, David Bryce Yaden
Summary: This paper provides a critical review of the possible mechanisms underlying the effects and therapeutic potential of psychedelics at different levels of analysis. It explores the biochemical, neural, and psychological effects of psychedelics, and discusses the potential for a unified account of these mechanisms. Understanding the specific mechanisms of psychedelics could lead to more targeted therapeutic approaches.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Heather Cairns-Lee, James Lawley, Paul Tosey
Summary: Interview questions wording can potentially lead to biasing interviewee responses, affecting the credibility of research findings and claims made by researchers, particularly in studies aiming to elicit subjective experiences from interviewees.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Mackenzie E. Hannum, Riley J. Koch, Vicente A. Ramirez, Sarah S. Marks, Aurora K. Toskala, Riley D. Herriman, Cailu Lin, Paule Joseph, Danielle R. Reed
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 376 papers published in 2020-2021 confirmed that 39.2% of COVID-19-positive patients experience taste dysfunction. The study found no significant difference in prevalence estimates between direct and self-report methodologies. Males reported lower rates of taste loss compared to females, and taste loss was most severe among middle-aged adults.
