Astronomy & Astrophysics

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Third data release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program

Hiroaki Aihara, Yusra AlSayyad, Makoto Ando, Robert Armstrong, James Bosch, Eiichi Egami, Hisanori Furusawa, Junko Furusawa, Sumiko Harasawa, Yuichi Harikane, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Hiroyuki Ikeda, Kei Ito, Ikuru Iwata, Tadayuki Kodama, Michitaro Koike, Mitsuru Kokubo, Yutaka Komiyama, Xiangchong Li, Yongming Liang, Yen-Ting Lin, Robert H. Lupton, Nate B. Lust, Lauren A. MacArthur, Ken Mawatari, Sogo Mineo, Hironao Miyatake, Satoshi Miyazaki, Surhud More, Takahiro Morishima, Hitoshi Murayama, Kimihiko Nakajima, Fumiaki Nakata, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, Masamune Oguri, Nobuhiro Okabe, Yuki Okura, Yoshiaki Ono, Ken Osato, Masami Ouchi, Yen-Chen Pan, Andres A. Plazas Malagon, Paul A. Price, Sophie L. Reed, Eli S. Rykoff, Takatoshi Shibuya, Mirko Simunovic, Michael A. Strauss, Kanako Sugimori, Yasushi Suto, Nao Suzuki, Masahiro Takada, Yuhei Takagi, Tadafumi Takata, Satoshi Takita, Masayuki Tanaka, Shenli Tang, Dan S. Taranu, Tsuyoshi Terai, Yoshiki Toba, Edwin L. Turner, Hisakazu Uchiyama, Bovornpratch Vijarnwannaluk, Christopher Z. Waters, Yoshihiko Yamada, Naoaki Yamamoto, Takuji Yamashita

Summary: This paper presents the third data release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP), which includes data from three survey layers covering about 670 deg(2) in all five broad-band filters. The overall quality of the processed data has improved since the previous release, but there are still limitations in the data that users should be aware of before utilizing.

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

BOSS DR12 full-shape cosmology: ΛCDM constraints from the large-scale galaxy power spectrum and bispectrum monopole

Oliver H. E. Philcox, Mikhail M. Ivanov

Summary: We present a full CDM analysis of the BOSS DR12 dataset, including various statistics such as power spectrum multipole, real-space power spectrum, reconstructed power spectrum, and bispectrum monopole. The inclusion of the bispectrum provides consistent parameter constraints and reduces the error bars. Our results are broadly consistent with the observations from the Planck satellite.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

On the detection of a cosmic dawn signal in the radio background

Saurabh Singh, Jishnu T. Nambissan, Ravi Subrahmanyan, N. Udaya Shankar, B. S. Girish, A. Raghunathan, R. Somashekar, K. S. Srivani, Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao

Summary: The astrophysics of the cosmic dawn, when star formation began, can be revealed by observing the cosmic radio background. However, recent measurements suggest that the previously reported signal is not of astrophysical origin and may be due to an anomaly in the standard cosmological models.

NATURE ASTRONOMY (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey: Selection and Characterization of Luminous Interstellar Medium Reservoirs in the z > 6.5 Universe

R. J. Bouwens, R. Smit, S. Schouws, M. Stefanon, R. Bowler, R. Endsley, V. Gonzalez, H. Inami, D. Stark, P. Oesch, J. Hodge, M. Aravena, E. da Cunha, P. Dayal, I. de Looze, A. Ferrara, Y. Fudamoto, L. Graziani, C. Li, T. Nanayakkara, A. Pallottini, R. Schneider, L. Sommovigo, M. Topping, P. van der Werf, H. Algera, L. Barrufet, A. Hygate, I. Labbe, D. Riechers, J. Witstok

Summary: The Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey (REBELS) is an ALMA Large Program that aims to identify and characterize luminous star-forming galaxies in the z > 6.5 universe. By scanning 40 UV-selected galaxies, REBELS has discovered bright emission lines and dust-continuum emission. These findings triple the number of known bright ISM-cooling lines at z > 6.5 and demonstrate ALMA's efficiency as a redshift machine.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

A Guide to Realistic Uncertainties on the Fundamental Properties of Solar-type Exoplanet Host Stars

Jamie Tayar, Zachary R. Claytor, Daniel Huber, Jennifer van Saders

Summary: Our understanding of exoplanets relies on determining the properties of their host stars. However, uncertainties in stellar evolution models and fundamental scales limit our ability to do so accurately.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption Induced Global Propagation of Ionospheric Disturbances via Lamb Waves

Shun-Rong Zhang, Juha Vierinen, Ercha Aa, Larisa P. Goncharenko, Philip J. Erickson, William Rideout, Anthea J. Coster, Andres Spicher

Summary: The study provides a global perspective on the ionospheric disturbances caused by the Tonga volcano eruption. Using ionospheric measurements from over 5,000 GNSS ground receivers worldwide, the study reveals the radial outbound and inbound traveling ionospheric disturbances following the eruption. These disturbances propagate globally and follow the effect of Lamb waves, suggesting the leakage of energy from Lamb waves into the ionosphere.

FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Black Hole Flares: Ejection of Accreted Magnetic Flux through 3D Plasmoid-mediated Reconnection

B. Ripperda, M. Liska, K. Chatterjee, G. Musoke, A. A. Philippov, S. B. Markoff, A. Tchekhovskoy, Z. Younsi

Summary: This study presents the first observation of plasmoid-mediated reconnection in a 3D magnetically arrested disk through extremely high-resolution simulations. The research shows that magnetic reconnection can power flares from accreting black holes and explains certain observed features.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Characterizing the Fast Radio Burst Host Galaxy Population and its Connection to Transients in the Local and Extragalactic Universe

Shivani Bhandari, Kasper E. Heintz, Kshitij Aggarwal, Lachlan Marnoch, Cherie K. Day, Jessica Sydnor, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Casey J. Law, J. Xavier Prochaska, Nicolas Tejos, Keith W. Bannister, Bryan J. Butler, Adam T. Deller, R. D. Ekers, Chris Flynn, Wen-fai Fong, Clancy W. James, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Rui Luo, Elizabeth K. Mahony, Stuart D. Ryder, Elaine M. Sadler, Ryan M. Shannon, Jinlin Han, Kejia Lee, Bing Zhang

Summary: This study presents the localization and host galaxies of one repeating and two apparently nonrepeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). The results show that there are no significant differences in the host properties of repeating and apparently nonrepeating FRBs. The host galaxies of FRBs are moderately star forming and have global properties similar to core-collapse supernovae and short gamma-ray bursts hosts.

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Discovery and properties of ultra-high redshift galaxies (9 < z < 12) in the JWST ERO SMACS 0723 Field

N. J. Adams, C. J. Conselice, L. Ferreira, D. Austin, J. A. A. Trussler, I Juodzbalis, S. M. Wilkins, J. Caruana, P. Dayal, A. Verma, A. P. Vijayan

Summary: We conduct a search for ultra-high-redshift galaxies (z > 9) using new post-launch calibrations and identify four candidate galaxies, including one at z = 11.5 and a possible pair of galaxies. However, the recovery rate for these candidates is low, with many being assigned lower redshifts in our work. Our analysis reveals evidence of Balmer-breaks and extreme emission lines, indicating advanced or very young stellar populations depending on the cause of the excess. The resolved structures of these early galaxies show a mixture of light concentration levels, with exceptionally small sizes (<0.5 kpc).

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2023)

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Review Astronomy & Astrophysics

Ram pressure stripping in high-density environments

Alessandro Boselli, Matteo Fossati, Ming Sun

Summary: Galaxies living in rich environments are affected by various perturbations. Among these, ram pressure stripping is a key process that removes the interstellar medium of galaxies and suppresses their star formation activity. This review summarizes the effects of this process on galaxies and highlights its importance in the evolution of galaxies of different masses.

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS REVIEW (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits

R. Abuter, N. Aimar, A. Amorim, J. Ball, M. Bauboeck, J. P. Berger, H. Bonnet, G. Bourdarot, W. Brandner, V Cardoso, Y. Clenet, Y. Dallilar, R. Davies, P. T. de Zeeuw, J. Dexter, A. Drescher, F. Eisenhauer, N. M. Foerster Schreiber, A. Foschi, P. Garcia, F. Gao, E. Gendron, R. Genzel, S. Gillessen, M. Habibi, X. Haubois, G. Heissel, T. Henning, S. Hippler, M. Horrobin, L. Jochum, L. Jocou, A. Kaufer, P. Kervella, S. Lacour, V Lapeyrere, J-B Le Bouquin, P. Lena, D. Lutz, T. Ott, T. Paumard, K. Perraut, G. Perrin, O. Pfuhl, S. Rabien, J. Shangguan, T. Shimizu, S. Scheithauer, J. Stadler, A. W. Stephens, O. Straub, C. Straubmeier, E. Sturm, L. J. Tacconi, K. R. W. Tristram, F. Vincent, S. von Fellenberg, F. Widmann, E. Wieprecht, E. Wiezorrek, J. Woillez, S. Yazici, A. Young

Summary: This article discusses the application of stars orbiting the compact radio source Sgr A* in the Galactic Center as precision probes of the gravitational field. Through various astrometric and spectroscopic measurements, including interferometry, the orbital motion and gravitational potential of these stars are studied, revealing results consistent with general relativity.

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The Global Dynamical Atlas of the Milky Way Mergers: Constraints from Gaia EDR3-based Orbits of Globular Clusters, Stellar Streams, and Satellite Galaxies

Khyati Malhan, Rodrigo A. Ibata, Sanjib Sharma, Benoit Famaey, Michele Bellazzini, Raymond G. Carlberg, Richard D'Souza, Zhen Yuan, Nicolas F. Martin, Guillaume F. Thomas

Summary: We uncover the merging process of the Milky Way halo by detecting groupings of globular clusters, stellar streams, and satellite galaxies in action space. We find a total of 6 mergers, including a new one, and discover that the most-metal-poor streams are associated with one of the mergers.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Eccentricity estimate for black hole mergers with numerical relativity simulations

V Gayathri, J. Healy, J. Lange, B. O'Brien, M. Szczepanczyk, Imre Bartos, M. Campanelli, S. Klimenko, C. O. Lousto, R. O'Shaughnessy

Summary: The origin of black hole mergers detected by LIGO and Virgo is still unknown. However, recent observations of the heaviest black hole merger, GW190521, suggest that it may have formed from a binary system after a close encounter, exhibiting high mass and possible spin-induced orbital precession. A study using numerical relativity simulations and an estimation approach found that GW190521 is most consistent with a highly eccentric merger. This finding suggests that orbital eccentricity could be evidence against an isolated binary origin.

NATURE ASTRONOMY (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Images of embedded Jovian planet formation at a wide separation around AB Aurigae

Thayne Currie, Kellen Lawson, Glenn Schneider, Wladimir Lyra, John Wisniewski, Carol Grady, Olivier Guyon, Motohide Tamura, Takayuki Kotani, Hajime Kawahara, Timothy Brandt, Taichi Uyama, Takayuki Muto, Ruobing Dong, Tomoyuki Kudo, Jun Hashimoto, Misato Fukagawa, Kevin Wagner, Julien Lozi, Jeffrey Chilcote, Taylor Tobin, Tyler Groff, Kimberly Ward-Duong, William Januszewski, Barnaby Norris, Peter Tuthill, Nienke van der Marel, Michael Sitko, Vincent Deo, Sebastien Vievard, Nemanja Jovanovic, Frantz Martinache, Nour Skaf

Summary: Direct images of protoplanets embedded in disks around infant stars provide important insights into the formation of gas giant planets like Jupiter. Using the Subaru Telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope, a Jovian protoplanet is discovered around AB Aurigae, which is likely responsible for multiple planet-induced features in the disk. The observation also reveals candidate sites of planet formation at wide separations. The AB Aur system shows evidence for an alternative model of Jupiter's formation, namely disk instability, along with clump-like protoplanets and multiple spiral arms.

NATURE ASTRONOMY (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The synchrony of production and escape: half the bright Lyα emitters at z ≈ 2 have Lyman continuum escape fractions ≈50 per cent

Rohan P. Naidu, Jorryt Matthee, Pascal A. Oesch, Charlie Conroy, David Sobral, Gabriele Pezzulli, Matthew Hayes, Dawn Erb, Ricardo Amorin, Max Gronke, Daniel Schaerer, Sandro Tacchella, Josephine Kerutt, Ana Paulino-Afonso, Joao Calhau, Mario Llerena, Huub Rottgering

Summary: The ionizing photon escape fraction is a significant unknown factor in reionization research. By inferring the escape fraction using Lyα profiles, this study identifies distinct differences between LyC leakers and non-leakers. The leakers exhibit extreme equivalent widths and high ionization rates, suggesting a close relationship between these characteristics and photon escape.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

A Comprehensive Study of Galaxies at z ∼9-16 Found in the Early JWST Data: Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star Formation History at the Pre-reionization Epoch

Yuichi Harikane, Masami Ouchi, Masamune Oguri, Yoshiaki Ono, Kimihiko Nakajima, Yuki Isobe, Hiroya Umeda, Ken Mawatari, Yechi Zhang

Summary: We conducted a comprehensive study on dropout galaxy candidates at z similar to 9-16 using the JWST's early release observations. We applied secure photo-z selection criteria and obtained 23 dropout galaxies. Our galaxy sample is reliable for statistical analyses and we derived the UV luminosity functions at z similar to 9-16. The study revealed high cosmic star formation rates and the existence of UV-luminous galaxies, suggesting the lack of suppression of star formation at the pre-reionization epoch.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES (2023)

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Review Astronomy & Astrophysics

The Cold Interstellar Medium of Galaxies in the Local Universe

Amelie Saintonge, Barbara Catinella

Summary: The cold interstellar medium is crucial for galaxy evolution, serving as a fuel source for star formation and reflecting internal and external processes. Systematic surveys have revealed scaling relations connecting gas masses with various global properties, providing insights into galaxy evolution. Factors affecting star formation rate include total cold ISM mass, molecular gas content, and conversion rate, highlighting the importance of exploring scaling relations for a better understanding of galaxy evolution.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The chemical enrichment in the early Universe as probed by JWST via direct metallicity measurements at z ∼ 8

Mirko Curti, Francesco D'Eugenio, Stefano Carniani, Roberto Maiolino, Lester Sandles, Joris Witstok, William M. Baker, Jake S. Bennett, Joanna M. Piotrowska, Sandro Tacchella, Stephane Charlot, Kimihiko Nakajima, Gabriel Maheson, Filippo Mannucci, Amirnezam Amiri, Santiago Arribas, Francesco Belfiore, Nina R. Bonaventura, Andrew J. Bunker, Jacopo Chevallard, Giovanni Cresci, Emma Curtis-Lake, Connor Hayden-Pawson, Gareth C. Jones, Nimisha Kumari, Isaac Laseter, Tobias J. Looser, Alessandro Marconi, Michael Maseda, Jan Scholtz, Renske Smit, Hannah Ubler, Imaan E. B. Wallace

Summary: We analyze the chemical properties of three z similar to 8 galaxies behind the galaxy cluster SMACSJ0723.3-7327 and measure their metallicities using the direct T-e method for the first time at such high redshift. The galaxies show different excitation properties compared to local strong-line metallicity calibrations, suggesting a need for reassessment of the calibrations at these redshifts. The two galaxies at z similar to 7.6 have metallicities consistent with the extrapolation of the mass-metallicity relation, while the least massive galaxy at z similar to 8.5 shows a significantly lower metallicity, indicating a deviation from the equilibrium between gas flows, star formation, and metal enrichment.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2023)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First compositional analysis of Ryugu samples by the MicrOmega hyperspectral microscope

C. Pilorget, T. Okada, V Hamm, R. Brunetto, T. Yada, D. Loizeau, L. Riu, T. Usui, A. Moussi-Soffys, K. Hatakeda, A. Nakato, K. Yogata, M. Abe, A. Aleon-Toppani, J. Carter, M. Chaigneau, B. Crane, B. Gondet, K. Kumagai, Y. Langevin, C. Lantz, T. Le Pivert-Jolivet, G. Lequertier, L. Lourit, A. Miyazaki, M. Nishimura, F. Poulet, M. Arakawa, N. Hirata, K. Kitazato, S. Nakazawa, N. Namiki, T. Saiki, S. Sugita, S. Tachibana, S. Tanaka, M. Yoshikawa, Y. Tsuda, S. Watanabe, J-P Bibring

Summary: The Hayabusa2 mission has returned samples collected from the surface of a C-type asteroid for the first time, which are now being analyzed to gain new insights into the formation and evolution of planetary bodies in our Solar System. The samples are preserved and undergoing analysis at the Extraterrestrial Samples Curation Center of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, where non-destructive analyses are being performed using the MicrOmega hyperspectral microscope.

NATURE ASTRONOMY (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

On the Stellar Populations of Galaxies at z=9-11: The Growth of Metals and Stellar Mass at Early Times

Sandro Tacchella, Steven L. Finkelstein, Micaela Bagley, Mark Dickinson, Henry C. Ferguson, Mauro Giavalisco, Luca Graziani, Norman A. Grogin, Nimish Hathi, Taylor A. Hutchison, Intae Jung, Anton M. Koekemoer, Rebecca L. Larson, Casey Papovich, Norbert Pirzkal, Sofia Rojas-Ruiz, Mimi Song, Raffaella Schneider, Rachel S. Somerville, Stephen M. Wilkins, L. Y. Aaron Yung

Summary: We conducted a detailed stellar population analysis of 11 bright galaxies at z = 9-11 and used a flexible Bayesian spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code to study their chemical enrichment and growth of stellar mass. Our results show the impact of different priors on the analysis and how well we can break degeneracies between various parameters using only UV to optical wavelength data. The correlation between dust attenuation, stellar ages, metallicity, and emission lines was explored using this approach.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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