期刊
GROWTH HORMONE & IGF RESEARCH
卷 20, 期 5, 页码 386-390出版社
CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.07.001
关键词
Histidine-tag; Orbitrap mass spectrometry; Recombinant protein; Doping; Sport
资金
- Federal Ministry of the Interior of the Federal Republic of Germany, Antidoping Switzerland (Berne, Switzerland)
- Anti-Doping Authority, The Netherlands (Capelle aan den Ijssel, the Netherlands)
Objective: Performance-enhancing substances are illicitly used in elite or amateur sports and may be obtained from the black market due to a cheaper and easier availability. Although various studies have shown that black market products frequently do not contain the declared substances, enormous amounts of illegally produced and/or imported drugs are confiscated from athletes or at customs with alarming results concerning the outcome of the analyses of the ingredients. This case report describes the identification of His-tagged Long-R-3-IGF-I, which is usually produced for biochemical studies, in an injection vial. Design: The ingredients were isolated by immunoaffinity purification and identified by nano-UPLC, high-resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometry of the intact and trypsinated substance and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: (Tandem) mass spectra characterized the protein as Long-R-3-IGF-I with a His(6)-tag attached to the C-terminus by the linker amino acids Leu-Glu. Conclusion: His-tags are commonly added to proteins during synthesis to allow a convenient and complete purification of the final product and His-tags are subsequently removed by specific enzymes when being attached to the N-terminus. The effects of His-tagged Long-R-3-IGF-I in humans have not been elucidated or described and the product may rather be a by-product from biochemical studies than synthesized for injection purposes. (C) 2010 Growth Hormone Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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