期刊
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
卷 16, 期 12, 页码 3304-3313出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02165.x
关键词
climate; linear mixed effects models; meta-analysis; phenology; traits; trophic mismatch
资金
- BBSRC
- Countryside Council for Wales
- Defra
- Forestry Commission
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)
- Lawes Agricultural Trust
- Natural England
- NERC
- Northern Ireland Environment Agency
- Scottish Natural Heritage
- JNCC/BTO partnership
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Environmental Change
- BBSRC [BBS/E/C/00004957] Funding Source: UKRI
- NERC [SAH01001] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/C/00004957] Funding Source: researchfish
- Natural Environment Research Council [CEH010021, SAH01001] Funding Source: researchfish
Recent changes in the seasonal timing (phenology) of familiar biological events have been one of the most conspicuous signs of climate change. However, the lack of a standardized approach to analysing change has hampered assessment of consistency in such changes among different taxa and trophic levels and across freshwater, terrestrial and marine environments. We present a standardized assessment of 25 532 rates of phenological change for 726 UK terrestrial, freshwater and marine taxa. The majority of spring and summer events have advanced, and more rapidly than previously documented. Such consistency is indicative of shared large scale drivers. Furthermore, average rates of change have accelerated in a way that is consistent with observed warming trends. Less coherent patterns in some groups of organisms point to the agency of more local scale processes and multiple drivers. For the first time we show a broad scale signal of differential phenological change among trophic levels; across environments advances in timing were slowest for secondary consumers, thus heightening the potential risk of temporal mismatch in key trophic interactions. If current patterns and rates of phenological change are indicative of future trends, future climate warming may exacerbate trophic mismatching, further disrupting the functioning, persistence and resilience of many ecosystems and having a major impact on ecosystem services.
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