Assessing Satellite-Observed Nighttime Lights for Monitoring Socioeconomic Parameters in the Republic of Kazakhstan

This paper describes an initial assessment of human-induced nighttime lights acquired by the Defence Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) with respect to its applicability in monitoring settlement patterns, population, electricity consumption, gross domestic product (GDP), and carbon dioxide emissions at different spatial levels in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results revealed the suitability of DMSP-OLS data to detect both urban expansion and contraction over last two decades caused by the new economic situation following the independence of Kazakhstan in 1991. Relationships between DMSP-OLS urban lit area and the socioeconomic parameters were quantified. The DMSP-OLS data proved to be an effective tool in the monitoring of both the spatial and temporal variability of the examined socioeconomic parameters.