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Biology of PIWI-interacting RNAs: new insights into biogenesis and function inside and outside of germlines

期刊

GENES & DEVELOPMENT
卷 26, 期 21, 页码 2361-2373

出版社

COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/gad.203786.112

关键词

PIWI; germline; piRNA

资金

  1. JSPS (Japan Society for the promotion of Science)
  2. MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology)
  3. CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology) from JST (Japanese Science and Technology Agency)
  4. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20221008, 10J56562] Funding Source: KAKEN

向作者/读者索取更多资源

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that act as guardians of the genome, protecting it from invasive transposable elements in the germline. Animals lacking piRNA functions show defects in gametogenesis and exhibit sterility. Their descendants are also predisposed to inheriting mutations. Thus, the piRNA pathway has evolved to repress transposons post-transcriptionally and/or transcriptionally. A growing number of studies on piRNAs have investigated piRNA-mediated gene silencing, including piRNA biogenesis. However, piRNAs remain the most enigmatic among all of the silencing-inducing small RNAs because of their complexity and uniqueness. Although piRNAs have been previously suggested to be germline-specific, recent studies have shown that piRNAs also play crucial roles in nongonadal cells. Furthermore, piRNAs have also recently been shown to have roles in multigenerational epigenetic phenomena in worms. The purpose of this review is to highlight new piRNA factors and novel insights in the piRNA world.

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