期刊
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
卷 23, 期 20, 页码 2437-2447出版社
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/gad.544509
关键词
Ribosomal DNA; replication timing; monoallelic expression; early development; DNA methylation
资金
- Israel Academy of Sciences
- NIH
- European Community
- Israel Cancer Research Fund
- Lew Sanders
Human cells contain several hundred ribosomal genes (rDNA) that are clustered into nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) on the short arms of five different acrocentric chromosomes. Only similar to 50% of the gene copies are actually expressed in somatic cells. Here, we used a new cytological technique to demonstrate that rDNA is regulated allelically in a regional manner, with one parental copy of each NOR being repressed in any individual cell. This process is similar to that of X-chromosome inactivation in females. Early in development, one copy of each NOR becomes late-replicating, thus probably marking it for inactivation and subsequent targeted de novo methylation at rDNA promoter regions. Once established, this multichromosomal allelic pattern is then maintained clonally in somatic cells. This pathway may serve as an epigenetic mechanism for controlling the number of available rDNA copies during development.
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