期刊
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
卷 22, 期 2, 页码 141-151出版社
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/gad.1620408
关键词
Chiroptera; Carollia perspicillata; Prx1; Prrx1; limb development; evolution
资金
- Intramural NIH HHS Funding Source: Medline
- NCI NIH HHS [CA 09299, T32 CA009299, P30 CA016672] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [T32 HD007325, HD 16672] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE016329, DE 16329] Funding Source: Medline
Natural selection acts on variation within populations, resulting in modified organ morphology, physiology, and ultimately the formation of new species. Although variation in orthologous proteins can contribute to these modifications, differences in DNA sequences regulating gene expression may be a primary source of variation. We replaced a limb-specific transcriptional enhancer of the mouse Prx1 locus with the orthologous sequence from a bat. Prx1 expression directed by the bat enhancer results in elevated transcript levels in developing forelimb bones and forelimbs that are significantly longer than controls because of endochondral bone formation alterations. Surprisingly, deletion of the mouse Prx1 limb enhancer results in normal forelimb length and Prx1 expression, revealing regulatory redundancy. These findings suggest that mutations accumulating in pre-existing noncoding regulatory sequences within a population are a source of variation for the evolution of morphological differences between species and that cis-regulatory redundancy may facilitate accumulation of such mutations.
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