期刊
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 3, 页码 361-377出版社
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/fmb.13.168
关键词
animal disease; avian necrotic enteritis; Clostridium perfringens; enterocolitis; enterotoxemia; food poisoning; gas gangrene; human disease; toxins
类别
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI056177, AI19488]
- Australian National Health and Research Council
- Australian Research Council
- Poultry Cooperative Research Centre
Clostridium perfringens uses its arsenal of >16 toxins to cause histotoxic and intestinal infections in humans and animals. It has been unclear why this bacterium produces so many different toxins, especially since many target the plasma membrane of host cells. However, it is now established that C. perfringens uses chromosomally encoded alpha toxin (a phospholipase C) and perfringolysin O (a pore-forming toxin) during histotoxic infections. In contrast, this bacterium causes intestinal disease by employing toxins encoded by mobile genetic elements, including C. perfringens enterotoxin, necrotic enteritis toxin B-like, epsilon toxin and beta toxin. Like perfringolysin O, the toxins with established roles in intestinal disease form membrane pores. However, the intestinal disease-associated toxins vary in their target specificity, when they are produced (sporulation vs vegetative growth), and in their sensitivity to intestinal proteases. Producing many toxins with diverse characteristics likely imparts virulence flexibility to C. perfringens so it can cause an array of diseases.
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