期刊
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
卷 29, 期 1, 页码 26-34出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12302
关键词
feeding strategy; giant panda; life cycle; nutritional geometry; reproductive timing; right-angled mixture triangles; seasonal migration
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230011, 31370414]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-Z-4]
- US National Science Foundation [DMS-0920744]
- Wild Animal Experimental Platform of Chinese Academy of Science
1. Herbivores face various nutritional challenges in their life cycles, challenges that may become increasingly acute under ongoing environmental changes. Here, focusing on calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen, we used nutritional geometry to analyse individual-based data on foraging and extraction efficiencies, and combined these with data on reproduction and migratory behaviour to understand how a large herbivorous carnivore can complete its life cycle on a narrow and seemingly low quality bamboo diet. Behavioural results showed that pandas during the year switched between four main food categories involving the leaves and shoots of two bamboo species available. Nutritional analysis suggests that these diet shifts are related to the concentrations and balances of calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Notably, successive shifts in range use and food type corresponded with a transition to higher concentrations and/or a more balanced intake of these multiple key constituents. Our study suggests that pandas obligatorily synchronize their seasonal migration and reproduction with the disjunct nutritional phenologies of two bamboo species. This finding has potentially important implications for habitat conservation for this species and, more generally, draws attention to the need for understanding the nutritional basis of food selection in devising management plans for endangered species.
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