期刊
FUEL
卷 100, 期 -, 页码 128-138出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.025
关键词
Superacids solids; Starbons-300; Sulfonated carbons Starbons-300 acidity; Esterification of free fatty acids; Esterification of oleic acid
资金
- COL-CIENCIAS [110245221393]
- Industrial University of Santander
- CONACYT-Mexico [CB 62053]
Acids solids sulfonated carbons Starbons-300 were prepared by using a mixture of ClSO3H/H2SO4 and H2SO4 (98%) as sulfonating agents. Depending on the sulfonation method used important effects were found on the acidity, textural properties and activity. SO3H groups linked to the Starbons-300 surface were observed by FTIR photoacustic spectroscopy. The functional groups were characterized by NMR C-13 solids and liquids and HSQC liquid of Starbons-300A(2)-H(2)SO(4)AClSO(3)-TEPO. The acidity strength determined with zeta potential measurements and P-31 MAS NMR showed strong acidity in the sulfonated samples. Total number of acid sites was determined by acid-base back titration. The content of SO3H groups was estimated by measuring the cationic exchange capacity. The elemental analysis was carried out by XPS and SEM. The sulfonated Starbons-300 showed very high activity for the esterification of free fatty acids with ethanol. Conversions up to 60% of oleic acid and selectivity to the ester of 100% were reached after 3 h of reaction at 80 degrees C. The results showed that the sulfonated carbon Starbons-300 catalysts are promising acids catalysts to be used in the esterification of free fatty acids with ethanol. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据