期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 33, 期 1, 页码 1-16出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.01.001
关键词
Estrogen; Progesterone; Oligodendrocyte; Multiple sclerosis; Inflammation; Neuroprotection; Myelin; Axon; Remyelination
资金
- Hertie-Stiftung
- RWTH Aachen University
- IZKF of the Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University
- B. Braun Melsungen AG
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- MS society of Great Britain
- MS society of Northern Ireland
- Stichting MS Research of the Netherlands
The potential of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone as neuroprotective factors is well-recognized. Persuasive data comes from in vitro and animal models reflecting a wide range of CNS disorders. These studies have endeavored to translate findings into human therapies. Nonetheless, few human studies show promising results. Evidence for neuroprotection was obtained in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease shows a female-to-male gender prevalence and disturbances in sex steroid production. In MS-related animal models, steroids ameliorate symptoms and protect from demyelination and neuronal damage. Both hormones operate in dampening central and brain-intrinsic immune responses and regulating local growth factor supply, oligodendrocyte and astrocyte function. This complex modulation of cell physiology and system stabilization requires the gamut of steroid-dependent signaling pathways. The identification of molecular and cellular targets of sex steroids and the understanding of cell-cell interactions in the pathogenesis will offer promise of novel therapy strategies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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