期刊
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
卷 14, 期 -, 页码 1116-1128出版社
BIOSCIENCE RESEARCH INST-BRI
DOI: 10.2741/3297
关键词
PARP-1; PAR polymer; PARG; Parthanatos; Cell Death; AIF; Review
资金
- National Institute on Aging [R36AG031572]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [P50NS038377] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R36AG031572] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1)'s roles in the cell span from maintaining life to inducing death. The processes PARP-1 is involved in include DNA repair, DNA transcription, mitosis, and cell death. Of PARP-1's different cellular functions, its role in cell death is of particular interest to designing therapies for diseases. Genetic deletion of PARP-1 revealed that PARP-1 overactivation underlies cell death in models of stroke, diabetes, inflammation and neurodegeneration. Since interfering with PARP-1 mediated cell death will be clinically beneficial, great effort has been invested into understanding mechanisms downstream of PARP-1 overactivation. Recent evidence shows that poly-ADP ribose (PAR) polymer itself can act as a cell death effector downstream of PARP-1. We coined the term parthanatos after Thanatos, the personification of death in Greek mythology, to refer to PAR-mediated cell death. In this review, we will present evidence and questions raised by these recent findings, and summarize the proposed mechanisms by which PARP-1 overactivation kills. It is evident that further understanding of parthanatos opens up new avenues for therapy in ameliorating diseases related to PARP-1 overactivation.
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