期刊
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 1733-1752出版社
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2741/2796
关键词
molecular imaging; MRI; responsive contrast agents; relaxivity; PARACEST; review
资金
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R24CA110943] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCI NIH HHS [R24CA110943] Funding Source: Medline
This review focuses on MR contrast agents that are responsive to a change in physiological environment. The response mechanisms are dependent on 6 physicochemical phenomena, including the accessibility of water to the agent, rotational tumbling time, proton exchange rate, electron spin state, MR frequency, or local field inhomogenieties caused by the agent. These phenomena can be affected by the physiological environment, including changes in concentrations or activities of proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, metabolites, oxygen and metal ions, and changes in pH and temperature. A total of 52 examples are presented, which demonstrate the variety and creativity of different approaches used to create responsive MRI contrast agents.
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