期刊
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
卷 220, 期 1-3, 页码 126-129出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.02.008
关键词
Forensic science; Ballistics; Less-lethal; Surrogate; Skin penetration
资金
- National Institute of Justice [2002IJ-CX-K020]
Although the benefits of the use of less lethal kinetic energy munitions are numerous, there is a need to evaluate the munitions prior to deployment to ensure their intended effect. The objective of the current research was to validate a surrogate that could be used to predict the risk of penetration of these devices. Existing data from biomechanical testing with post-mortem human specimens (PMHS) served as the foundation for this research. Development of the surrogate involved simulating the various layers of the skin and underlying soft tissues using a combination of materials. A standardized 12-gauge impactor was used to assess each combination. The energy density that resulted in a 50% risk of penetration for the anterior thorax region (23.99 J/cm(2)) from the previous research was matched using a specific combination of layers. Twelve various combinations of materials were tested with the 50% risk of penetration determined. The final validated surrogate consisted of a Laceration Assessment Layer (LAL) of natural chamois and .6 cm of closed-cell foam over a Penetration Assessment Layer (PAL) of 20% ordnance gelatin. This surrogate predicted a 50% risk of penetration at 23.88 J/cm(2). Injury risk curves for the PMHS and surrogate development work are presented. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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