期刊
FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN
卷 32, 期 3, 页码 218-226出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/156482651103200306
关键词
BMI; dietary pattern; nutrition transition; rural Tanzania; 24-hour recall
资金
- German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit [BMZ/GTZ])
- German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
- Eiselen Foundation Ulm, Germany
Background. Many developing countries are experiencing a rapid nutrition transition in urban areas. Objective. To investigate whether a nutrition transition was occurring in a rural area by examining the dietary patterns of women in rural Tanzania. Methods. A total of 252 women aged 16 to 45 years from three districts of northeastern and central Tanzania participated. During three different seasons in 2006-2007, the women were interviewed with the use of a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, including a 24-hour dietary recall. From these recalls, the mean intakes of 12 main food groups were calculated and used to establish five dietary patterns by principal component analysis. Data were also obtained on attitudes toward obesity, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin level, and measures of socioeconomic status and analyzed for associations with dietary patterns. Results. The five dietary patterns were traditional-coast, characterized by fruits, nuts, starchy plants, and fish; traditional-inland, characterized by cereals, oils and fats, and vegetables; purchase, characterized by bread and cakes (usually fried in oil), sugar, and black tea; pulses, characterized mainly by pulses, with few or no vegetables; and animal products, characterized by a high consumption of meat, eggs, and/or milk. Significant positive associations were found, among others, between the purchase pattern and BMI (rho = 0.192, p = .005) and between the animal products pattern and wealth (rho = 0.168, p = .002). Conclusions. Differences between traditional and modern nutritional food patterns were evident. This study found the traditional-inland pattern to be the most healthy, while the purchase food pattern was the most prevalent. The purchase pattern, in particular, may provide some evidence for early stages of the nutrition transition in rural Tanzania.
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