期刊
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
卷 72, 期 -, 页码 122-128出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.013
关键词
Carvacrol; Thymol; Mutagenicity; Genotoxicity; Enzyme-modified comet assay
Currently, direct antimicrobial and antioxidant additives derived from essential oils are used in food packaging and are perceived by consumers as low-health-risk compounds. In this study, we investigated the potential mutagenicity and genotoxicity of carvacrol and thymol, major compounds in several essential oils, using the Ames Salmonella test and the alkaline, Endo III- and formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (FPG)-modified comet assays, respectively. Thymol did not show any mutagenic activity at any concentration assayed (0-250 mu M), whereas carvacrol exhibited mutagenic potential, displaying greater activity in presence of the metabolic fraction (29-460 mu M). The genotoxic effects were evaluated in the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2, and the standard comet assay revealed that neither carvacrol (0-460 mu M) nor thymol (0-250 mu M) had any affects at 24 and 48 h. The FPG-modified comet assay showed that the highest concentration of carvacrol (460 mu M) caused DNA damage, indicating damage to the purine bases. These results should be used to identify the appropriate concentrations of carvacrol and thymol as additives in food packaging. Moreover, further studies are necessary to explore the safety and/or the toxicity mechanisms of these compounds. (c) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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