期刊
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
卷 34, 期 4, 页码 990-1001出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.08.019
关键词
Shrimp; Penaeus; Phenoloxidase; Melanization; proPO system
资金
- Thailand Research Fund
- Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC)
- Higher Education Research promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission [FW 643A]
- National Research University Project of Commission for Higher Education
- Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund
- Chulalongkorn University
The global shrimp industry still faces various serious disease-related problems that are mainly caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Understanding the host defense mechanisms is likely to be beneficial in designing and implementing effective strategies to solve the current and future pathogen-related problems. Melanization, which is performed by phenoloxidase (PO) and controlled by the prophenoloxidase (proPO) activation cascade, plays an important role in the invertebrate immune system in allowing a rapid response to pathogen infection. The activation of the proPO system, by the specific recognition of microorganisms by pattern-recognition proteins (PRPs), triggers a serine proteinase cascade, eventually leading to the cleavage of the inactive proPO to the active PO that functions to produce the melanin and toxic reactive intermediates against invading pathogens. This review highlights the recent discoveries of the critical roles of-the proPO-system in the shrimp immune responses against major pathogens, and emphasizes the functional characterizations of four major groups of genes and proteins in the proPO cascade in penaeid shrimp, that is the PRPs, serine proteinases, proPO and inhibitors. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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