Crosstalk between TGF-β and hedgehog signaling in cancer

Hedgehog (HH) and TGF-beta signals control various aspects of embryonic development and cancer progression. While their canonical signal transduction cascades have been well characterized, there is increasing evidence that these pathways are able to exert overlapping activities that challenge efficient therapeutic targeting. We herein review the current knowledge on HH signaling and summarize the recent findings on the crosstalks between the HH and TGF-beta pathways in cancer. (C) 2012 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.