期刊
FEBS JOURNAL
卷 280, 期 15, 页码 3508-3518出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/febs.12368
关键词
ARTD; centromeres; heterochromatin; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; pericentric heterochromatin; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; rDNA; telomeres; X chromosome inactivation
资金
- le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, l'Universite de Strasbourg
- l'Agence de la Recherche contre le Cancer
- Swiss National Science Foundation [310003A-135801]
- Promedica Stiftung
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are enzymes that transfer poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) groups to target proteins, and thereby affect various nuclear and cytoplasmic processes. The activity of PARP family members, such as PARP1 and PARP2, is tied to cellular signalling pathways, and, through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, they ultimately promote changes in chromatin architecture, gene expression, and the location and activity of proteins that mediate signalling responses. A growing body of evidence suggest that PARPs, particularly PARP1 and PARP2, also operate at heterochromatic regions such as the inactive Xchromosome, telomeres, pericentric heterochromatin and silent ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Both proteins localize to heterochromatic sites and often associate with or poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate histones and heterochromatin-binding proteins, thereby modulating their activities. In this review, we describe current knowledge concerning the role of PARPs in establishment and inheritance of heterochromatic structures, and highlight how their contribution affects biological outcomes.
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