期刊
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
卷 14, 期 10, 页码 1073-1090出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2010.515980
关键词
animal models; apoptosis; astrocytoma; breast cancer; cell migration/invasion; cell survival; chemosensitivity; glioblastoma multiforme; glioma; human; metastasis; non-small cell lung cancer; protein kinase inhibitor; receptor tyrosine kinase; signal transduction; targeted therapy
资金
- Uniting Against Lung Cancer: Elliot's Legacy
- University of Colorado Cancer Center (NIH) [5P50CA058187]
- St. Baldrick's Foundation
- Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation [CI-39-07]
- American Cancer Society [RSG-08-291-01-LIB]
- Lung Cancer Research Foundation
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [T32CA082086, R01CA137078, P50CA058187] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Importance of the field: Axl and/or Mer expression correlates with poor prognosis in several cancers. Until recently, the role of these receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in development and progression of cancer remained unexplained. Studies demonstrating that Axl and Mer contribute to cell survival, migration, invasion, metastasis and chemosensitivity justify further investigation of Axl and Mer as novel therapeutic targets in cancer. Areas covered in this review: Axl and Mer signaling pathways in cancer cells are summarized and evidence validating these RTKs as therapeutic targets in glioblastoma multiforme, NSCLC, and breast cancer is examined. A discussion of Axl and/or Mer inhibitors in development is provided. What the reader will gain: Potential toxicities associated with Axl or Mer inhibition are addressed. We propose that the probable action of Mer and Axl inhibitors on cells within the tumor microenvironment will provide a therapeutic opportunity to target both tumor cells and the stromal components that facilitate disease progression. Take home message: Axl and Mer mediate multiple oncogenic phenotypes and activation of these RTKs constitutes a mechanism of chemoresistance in a variety of solid tumors. Targeted inhibition of these RTKs may be effective as anti-tumor and/or anti-metastatic therapy, particularly if combined with standard cytotoxic therapies.
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