期刊
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
卷 46, 期 2-3, 页码 90-95出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.08.023
关键词
Stress; Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA); Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH); Vasopressin (VP); Glucocorticoids
资金
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 HD000631-18, Z99 HD999999] Funding Source: Medline
The major neuroendocrine response mediating stress adaptation is activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, with stimulation of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (VP) from parvocellular neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, leading to stimulation of pituitary ACTH secretion and increases in glucocorticoid secretion from the adrenal cortex. Basal production and transient increases during stress of glucocorticoids and its hypothalamic regulators are essential for neuronal plasticity and normal brain function. While activation of the HPA axis is essential for survival during stress, chronic exposure to stress hormones can predispose to psychological, metabolic and immune alterations. Thus, prompt termination of the stress response is essential to prevent negative effects of inappropriate levels of CRH and glucocorticoids. This review addresses the regulation of HPA axis activity with emphasis on the mechanisms of termination of CRH transcription, which is a critical step in this process. In addition, the actions by which glucocorticoids, CRH and VP can affect the aging process will be discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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