期刊
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
卷 234, 期 10, 页码 1140-1154出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.3181/0903-MR-104
关键词
superoxide dismutase; SOD1; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; motor neuron disease; protein misfolding; protein aggregation; protofibrils; amyloid
资金
- NIH/NINDS
- ALS Association
- Welch Foundation
- Packard Foundation
- William and Ella C. Owens Medical Research Foundation
- Judith and Jean Pape Adams Charitable Foundation
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS039112, P01NS049134] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Mutations in human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease, motor neuron disease). Insoluble forms of mutant SOD1 accumulate in neural tissues of human ALS patients and in spinal cords of transgenic mice expressing these polypeptides, suggesting that SOD1-linked ALS is a protein misfolding disorder. Understanding the molecular basis for how the pathogenic mutations give rise to SOD1 folding intermediates, which may themselves be toxic, is therefore of keen interest. A critical step on the SOD1 folding pathway occurs when the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS) modifies the nascent SOD1 polypeptide by inserting the catalytic copper cofactor and oxidizing its intrasubunit disulfide bond. Recent studies reveal that pathogenic SOD1 proteins coming from cultured cells and from the spinal cords of transgenic mice tend to be metal-deficient and/or lacking the disulfide bond, raising the possibility that the disease-causing mutations may enhance levels of SOD1-folding intermediates by preventing or hindering CCS-mediated SOD1 maturation. This mini-review explores this hypothesis by highlighting the structural and biophysical properties of the pathogenic SOD1 mutants in the context of what is currently known about CCS structure and action. Other hypotheses as to the nature of toxicity inherent in pathogenic SOD1 proteins are not covered. Exp Biol Med 234:1140-1154, 2009
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