期刊
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
卷 35, 期 6, 页码 533-539出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.07.006
关键词
Personality; Big Five; Fitness; Long-term fitness; Quality-quantity trade-off
资金
- Kone Foundation
- Research Funds of the University of Helsinki
- Academy of Finland [266898]
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [266898, 266898] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
Personality, that is, individual behavioral tendencies that are relatively stable across situations and time, has been associated with number of offspring in many animals, including humans, suggesting that some personality traits may be under natural selection. However, there are no data on whether these associations between personality and reproductive success extend over more than one generation to numbers of grandchildren. Using a large representative sample of contemporary Americans from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 10,688; mean age 67.7 years), we studied whether personality traits of the Five Factor Model were similarly associated with number of children and grandchildren, or whether antagonistic effects of personality on offspring number and quality lead to specific personality traits differently maximizing short and long-term fitness measures. Higher extraversion, lower conscientiousness, and lower openness to experience were similarly associated with both higher number of children and grandchildren in both sexes. In addition, higher agreeableness was associated with higher number of grand-offspring only. Our results did not indicate any quality-quantity trade-offs in the associations between personality and reproductive success. These findings represent the first robust evidence for any species that personality may affect reproductive success over several generations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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