The effects of oxytocin and its analog, carbetocin, on genetic deficits in sensorimotor gating

Converging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that oxytocin has therapeutic potential for schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI) is a measure of sensorimotor gating, an important brain function involved in filtering environmental information. We previously demonstrated that systemically administered oxytocin reversed psychostimulant-induced PPI deficits in rats suggesting that oxytocin can produce antipsychotic-like central effects. That finding was supported by a recent trial in humans, which found that intranasal oxytocin reduced symptoms of schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to extend this line of investigation by testing the effects of oxytocin, and a structural analog of oxytocin, carbetocin, on non-pharmacological deficits in PPI. In experiment 1, Brown Norway (BN) rats, a rat strain that has naturally low PPI, were given either saline or one of three doses of oxytocin (0.04-1.0 mg/kg, sc). In experiment 2, BN rats were given either saline, one of three doses of carbetocin (0.04-1.0 mg/kg) or oxytocin (1 mg/kg). PPI and acoustic startle response (ASR) of rats were tested. Oxytocin significantly increased PPI (P<0.01) and decreased ASR levels (P<0.01) in BN rats in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, carbetocin had no effect on PPI levels or ASR. The facilitation of BN PPI by oxytocin is similar to what we have previously observed with clozapine and thus further supports oxytocin having antipsychotic properties. In contrast to oxytocin, our data do not support the use of carbetocin as an antipsychotic drug. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.