期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
卷 57, 期 8, 页码 369-380出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.05.002
关键词
Microphthalmia; Anophthalmia; Coloboma; Developmental eye defects; eye genes; Mutation; SOX2; OTX2
资金
- MRC [MC_PC_U127561093, MC_U127561093] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MC_U127561093, MC_PC_U127561093] Funding Source: Medline
- Medical Research Council [MC_PC_U127561093, MC_U127561093] Funding Source: researchfish
Microphthalmia, anophthalmia and coloboma (MAC) are distinct phenotypes that represent a continuum of structural developmental eye defects. In severe bilateral cases (anophthalmia or severe microphthalmia) the genetic cause is now identifiable in approximately 80 percent of cases, with de novo heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in SOX2 or OTX2 being the most common. The genetic cause of other forms of MAC, in particular isolated coloboma, remains unknown in the majority of cases. This review will focus on MAC phenotypes that are associated with mutation of the genes SOX2, OTX2, PAX6, STRA6, ALDH1A3, RARB, VSX2, RAX, FOXE3, BMP4, BMP7, GDF3, GDF6, ABCB6, ATOH7, C12orf57, TENM3 (ODZ3), and VAX1. Recently reported mutation of the SALL2 and YAP1 genes are discussed in brief. Clinical and genetic features were reviewed in a total of 283 unrelated MAC cases or families that were mutation-positive from these 20 genes. Both the relative frequency of mutations in MAC cohort screens and the level of confidence in the assignment of disease-causing status were evaluated for each gene. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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