期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
卷 22, 期 12, 页码 1404-1412出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.36
关键词
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资金
- European Union European Regional Development Fund through the Centre of Excellence in Genomics to Estonian Biocentre
- Tartu University grant [PBGMR06901]
- ERC Starting Investigator grant (FP7) [261213]
- Estonian Institutional Research [IUT24-1]
- European Commission grant [ECOGENE 205419]
- Estonian Science Foundation [8973]
- UK-India Education Research Initiative [RG47772]
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India [GENESIS: BSC0121, BSC 0208]
- Bhatnagar (CSIR) Fellowship, Government of India
- JC Bose (DST) Fellowship, Government of India
- European Social Funds Doctoral Studies and Internationalisation Programme DoRa
- University of Tartu
- European Research Council (ERC) [261213] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
The northern region of the Indian subcontinent is a vast landscape interlaced by diverse ecologies, for example, the Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas. A great number of ethnic groups are found there, displaying a multitude of languages and cultures. The Tharu is one of the largest and most linguistically diverse of such groups, scattered across the Tarai region of Nepal and bordering Indian states. Their origins are uncertain. Hypotheses have been advanced postulating shared ancestry with Austroasiatic, or Tibeto-Burman-speaking populations as well as aboriginal roots in the Tarai. Several Tharu groups speak a variety of Indo-Aryan languages, but have traditionally been described by ethnographers as representing East Asian phenotype. Their ancestry and intra-population diversity has previously been tested only for haploid (mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome) markers in a small portion of the population. This study presents the first systematic genetic survey of the Tharu from both Nepal and two Indian states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, using genome-wide SNPs and haploid markers. We show that the Tharu have dual genetic ancestry as up to one-half of their gene pool is of East Asian origin. Within the South Asian proportion of the Tharu genetic ancestry, we see vestiges of their common origin in the north of the South Asian Subcontinent manifested by mitochondrial DNA haplogroup M43.
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