期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
卷 43, 期 -, 页码 97-107出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2012.05.011
关键词
Barley; Elevated CO2; FACE; Nitrogen; Ryegrass; Sugar beet; Wheat; Yield
类别
资金
- Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection
Model based projections of overall climate change effects on future crop yields strongly depend on the integration of the direct CO2 fertilization effect. For European crops little information from field experimentation with elevated CO2 levels ([eCO(2)]) exists, which may be used for model validation purposes. Over six years an arable crop rotation with winter barley, ryegrass, sugar beet and winter wheat was exposed to ambient and elevated CO2 levels (550 ppm) using a FACE facility under adequate nitrogen (N100) and 50% of adequate N fertilization (N50). Total plant N concentrations of all crops were lower between -4.9% and -17% under [eCO(2)] compared to ambient CO2. Green leaf area index (GLAI) of sugar beet and ryegrass late in the growing season was reduced by [eCO(2)], while it slightly increased or remained unchanged for the cereals at anthesis. However, the results of total plant N and GLAI were statistically significant only for wheat and ryegrass. Final above-ground biomass and yield of all crop species significantly increased under [eCO(2)]. Averaged across both growth seasons and N supply levels the stimulation of total above ground biomass by [eCO2] amounted to +14% (barley), +11.9% (wheat), +10.6% (sugar beet) and +9.9% (ryegrass). On average, cereal grain yield and storage root yield were enhanced by +12.5% (barley), +12.7% (wheat) and +12.1% (sugar beet). There were no significant effects of [eCO(2)] on N yield. Contrary to expectations, [eCO(2)] effects on the plant growth variables were independent from the N supply level. Overall, growth and yield stimulations of the different crop species by [eCO(2)] under FACE conditions were smaller than observed in many previous enclosure studies. The losses observed for plant N concentrations point to possible future problems with animal forage quality if atmospheric CO2 levels continue to increase. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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